A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

MALUG I NENSIS. MAMAEA. 909
but this is probably an oratorical exaggeration, as (C0amill. 5) call the magister equitum P. Cornelills
the scholiast suggests. (Cic. Very. i. 15, 36; Scipio. He was consular tribune a second time in
Pseudo-Ascon. ad 11. cc.) B. C. 390, the year in which Rome was taken by
MA'LLIA GENS, plebeian. This name is the Gauls. (Liv. v. 36; Died. xiv. l 10.) In
frequently confounded with that of Manlius; and Diodorus and in the common editions of Livy his
in almost every passage where 1alliuls occurs some praenomen is Servius, but in some of the best
authorities read lMaanlius. It appears, however, MSS. of Livy he is called Publius.
from ancient inscriptions and the best manuscripts, 7. P. CORNELIUS MALUGINENSIS COSSUS, conthat Mallius is the correct reading in certain cases; sular tribune B.C. 395, and consul B. C. 393 with
and we can easily understand how this name, L. Valerius Potitus. [Cossus, No. 9.]
which was one of no celebrity, should be altered 8. M. CORNELIUS P. F. P. N. MALUGINENSIS,
into the well-known one of Manlius. The only was elected censor in B. C. 393, to supply the place
person in this gens who obtained any of the higher of C. Julius Julus, who had died in his year of
offices of the state was Cn. Mallius Maximus, who office; but as Rome was taken by the Gauls in this
was consul B. C. 105. [MAxIMus.] lustrum, this practice was considered of ill omen,
C. MA'LLIUS, one of Catiline's conspirators, and no censor was ever elected again in place of
was stationed by the chief at Faesulae in Etruria, one who had died in his year of office. (Liv. v.
where he was commissioned to collect an army and 31, ix. 34.)
prepare all military stores. He had served under 9. SER. CORNELIUS P. F. M. N. MALUGINIENSulla as a centurion, and possessed great military sis, seven times consular tribune: the first time in
experience and reputation. In the battle against B. C. 386, the second time in B. C. 384, the third
Cicero's colleague, Antonius, in which Catiline fell, time in B. C. 382, the fourth time in B. c. 380, the
Mallius commanded the right wing, and was killed fifth time in B. C. 376 (Livy does not mention the
in the conflict. (Sall. Cat. 24, 27-30, 32, 33, consular tribunes of this year, see Died. xv. 71,
36, 59, 60; Cic. in Cat. i. 3, 9, 12, ii. 6, 9; Dion and Anonym. Noris.), the sixth time in B. C. 370,
Cass. xxxvii. 30.) and a seventh time in B. C. 368. (Liv.' vi. 6, 18,
MA'LLIUS THEODO'RUS. [THRoDORUS.] 22, 27, 36, 38.)
MALUGINENSIS, a celebrated patrician fa- 10. M. CORNELIUS MALUGINENSIS, consular
mily of the Cornelia gens in the early ages of the tribune in B. C. 369, and again in B. C. 367. (Liv.
republic. It disappears from history even before vi. 36, 42.)
the time of the Samnite wars. This family seems 11. SER. CORNELIUS SER. F. M. N. MALUGIto have been originally the same as that of Cossus, NENSIS, magister equitum to the dictator F. Quincsince we find at first both surnames united. [See tius Pennus Capitolinus Crispinus, B. c. 361, who
No. 1.] Afterwards, however, the Cossi and Ma- was appointed to conduct the war against the
luginenses became two separate families. [Cossus.] Gauls. (Liv. vii. 9.) [CAPITOLINUS, QUINCTIUSi
1. SER. CORNELIUS P. F. COSSUS MALUG1- No. 7.]
NENSIS, consul B. C. 485 with Q. Fabius Vibulanus, MALUS (Mac-os), a son of Amphictyon or of
in which year Sp. Cassius was condemned. Ma- Amyrus, said to have given the name to the town of
luginenses carried on war against the Veientes with Malieus. (Steph. Byz. s. v. MaXeVs.) [L. S.]
success. (Liv. ii. 41; Dionys. viii. 77, 82.) MAMAEA, JU'LIA, the daughter of Julia
2. L. CORNELIUS SER. F. P. N. MALUGINENSIS, Maesa, the niece of Septimius Severus, the first
consul B. C. 459 with Q. Fabius Vibulanus. The cousin of Caracalla, the aunt of Elagabalus, the
consuls of this year carried on war against the wife of Gessius Marcianus, the mother of Alex,
Volsci and the Aequi with great glory and success. ander Severus. [See genealogical table prefixed to
According to some accounts Maluginensis took CARACALLA.] She was a native.of Emesa in
Antium, and we learn from the triumphal Fasti Syria, and seems, after the accession of Septimius
that he obtained a triumph for his victory over the Severus, to have lived at Rome, under the proAntiates. (Liv. iii. 22-24; Dionys. x. 20, 21; tection of her aunt Julia Domna.'At all events it
Died. xi. 86.) He is mentioned as one of the is clear that she must have been at court in A. D;
defenders in the senate of the second decemvirate 204, otherwise the report, which at one time gained
in B. C. 449, because his brother Marcus was one general credit, that Alexander as well as Elagabalus
of the number (Liv. iii. 40; Dionys. xi. 15); but was in reality the son of Caracalla, could never
if we can rely upon the Fasti, in which Marcus is have been circulated. We know nothing of her
called L. F. SER. N., we must understand frater subsequent history, until the period when she
and deAdopdr to mean first cousin, and not brother. accompanied Elagabalus to Rome.- From that
3. M. CORNELIUS L. F. SER. N. MALUGINEN- time forward she became remarkable on account of
sis, a member of the second decemvirate. [See the diligence with which she protected the person
No. 2.] (Liv. iii. 35, 40, 41.; Dionys. x. 58, xi. of her son from the treachery of his cousin, and the
15, 23.) exemplary zeal with which she guarded the purity
4. M. CORNELIUS M. F. MALUGINENSIS, COnsIIl of his mind in the midst of a very hot-bed of vice
B. C. 436 with L. Papirius Crassus. (Liv. iv. 21; and debauchery. The high principles which she
Died. xii. 46.) instilled were fully developed after his elevation to
5. P. CORNELIUS M. F. M. N. MATLUGINENSIS, the throne, and proved a blessing to mankind
one of the consular tribunes, s. c. 404. (Liv. iv. during his short reign. But the character of
61; Died. xiv. 19.) Mamaea was not without serious defects. Extreme
6. P. CORNELIUS P. F. M. N. MALUGINENSIS, pride, and a jealousy of power which could brook
consular tribune in B. C. 397 (Liv. v. 16; Died. no rival, led her to treat with great harshness and
xiv. 85), and magister equitum to the dictator M. indignity one, at least, of her daughters-in-law.
Furius Camillus in B. c. 396. At least the Fasti Her counsels, swayed by an inordinate desire to
Capitolini name Maluginensis as the magister equi- accumulate money, induced Severus -to adopt a
*turn in this year; but Livy (v. 19) and Plutarch system of ill-judged parsimony towards his soldiers,