A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

884 MACERINUS. MACHANIDAS.
the reverse Pallas in a chariot, drawnr by four first held the census of the people in a public villa
horses. of the Campus Martius. It is also related of themthat they removed Mam. Aemilius Mamercinus,.-oo.> d, from his tribe, and reduced him to the condition of
g/~ A d z l/o ~an aerarian, because he had proposed and carried a
bill limiting the time during which the censorship
was to be held from five years to a year and a
N;OlNlS7Jl. \Q, v4. PRocvLus GEGANIUS MACERINUS, probably
~~Aooo~.... brother of No. 3, was consul B. C. 440, with L.
COIN OF C. LICINIUS M'AClERa. - Menenius Lanatus. (Liv. iv. 12; Died. xii. 36.)
For the events of the year, see LANATUS, NO. 4.
MACER, MA'RCIUS, was a captain of gla- 5. L. GEGANIUS MACERINUS, consular tribune
diators in Otho's army, A. D. 69. Ascending the B.C. 378. (Liv. vi. 31; Did. xv. 57.)
stream of the Po with a detachment of the Ra- 6. M. GEGANIUS MACERINUS, consular tribune
venna fleet, Macer drove the Vitellians from the B. C. 367. (Liv. vi. 42.)
left bank of the river, but shortly before the final MACHAEREUS (MaXatpe&s), i. e. the swordsdefeat of his party at Bedriacum was himself re- man, a son of Daetas of Delphi, who is said to
pulsed, and displaced by Otho from his, command. have slain Neoptolemus, the son of Achilles, in
Macer's name was erased by Vitellius from the list a quarrel about the sacrificial meat at Delphi.
of supplementary consuls for A. D. 69. (Tac. Hist. (Strab. ix. p. 421; Pind. Nem. vii. 62, with the
ii. 23, 35, 36, 71.) Plutarch' (Ot. 10) mentions scholiast.) [L.-S.]
Otho's gladiators, but not the name of their MACHA'NIDAS, tyrant of Lacedaemon about
leader.- [W. B. D.] the beginning of the second century B. C., was oriMACER, POMPE'IUS, was one of the prae- ginally, perhaps, the leader of a band of Tarentine
tors in A. D. 15, and put the question to the mercenaries in the pay of the Spartan government.
senate, whether there should be an extension of The history of Lacedaemon at this period is so obthe Lex Majestatis. His praetorship therefore scure that the means by which Machanidas obtained
marks the epoch at which the government of Tibe- the tyranny are unknown. He was probably at
rius began to assume its worse and darker features. first associated with Pelops, son and successor of
(Tac. Ann. i. 72; Suet. Tib. 58; comp. Dion Lvcurgus on the double throne of Sparta; but he
Cass. lvii. 19; Sen. de Ben. iii. 26; and see Ma- eclipsed or expelled his colleague, and for his crimes
jestes, s. v. Diet. of Antiq.) [W. B. D.] and the terror he inspired he is termed emphatiMACER, SEPU'LLIUS, only known from cally "the tyrant." Like his predecessor Lycurcoins, a specimen of which is annexed. The ob- cus, Machanidas had no hereditary or plausible
verse represents the head of Julius Caesar, and title to the crown, but, unlike him, he respected
the reverse Victory, holding in one hand a spear, neither the ephors nor the laws, and ruled by the
and in the other a small statue of Victory. swords of his mercenaries alone. Argos and the
Achaean league found him a restless and relentless
r.?dz( neighbour, whom they could not resist without the
[~~dntb / %>aid of Macedon; and Rome-at that crisis, the
— fy\\.(#J AD~a t S < a 1 l th year of the second Punic war, anxious to de\, Ab o I EV:. ~fa tain Philip IV. in Greece, and, as usual, unscrupulous in the choice of its instruments- employed
him as an active and able ally. Machanidas reverenced the religious prejudices of Greece as little
as the political rights of his own subjects. Towards
MACERI'NUS, the name of a very ancient the close of the Aetolian war, in B. C. 207, while
family of the patrician Gegania Gens. [GEGANIA the Grecian states were negotiating the terms of
GENS.] peace, and the Eleians were making preparations
1. T. GEGANIUS MACRRINUS, consul B. C. 492, for the next Olympic festival, Machanidas projected
with P. Minucius: Augurinus, during which year an inroad into the sacred territory of Elis. The
there was a great famine at Rome, in consequence design was frustrated by the timely arrival of the
of the lands being uncultivated in the preceding king of Macedon in the Peloponnesus, and Mayear, when the plebs had retired to the Sacred chanidas withdrew precipitately to Sparta. But
Mountain. (Liv. ii. 34; Dionys. vii. 1; Oros. the project marks both the man and the era-an
i. 5.) era equally void of personal, national, and ancestral
2. L. GENUCIUS (MACERINUS), brother of No. faith. At length, in B. C. 207, after eight months'
1, was sent into Sicily during his brother's consul- careful preparation, Philopoemen, captain-general
ship to obtain corn. (Dionys. vii. 1.) of the cavalry of the Achaean league, delivered
3. M. GEGANIUS, M. F. MACERINUS, was three Greece from Machanidas. The Achaean and Latimes consul; first' in B. C. 447, with C. Julius cedaemonian armies met between Mantineia and
Julus; a second time in B. C. 443, with T. Quin- Tegea. The Tarentine mercenaries of Machanidas
tius Capitolinus Barbatus, in which year he con- routed and chased from the field the Tarentine
quered the Volscians, and obtained a triumph on mercenaries of Philopoemen. They pursued, howaccount of his victory; and a third time in B. C. ever, too eagerly; and when Machanidas led them
437, with L. Sergius Fidenas. (Liv. iii. 65, iv. back, the Lacedaemonian infantry had been broken,
8-10, 17; Dionys. xi. 51, 63; Diod.e xii. 29, 33, and the Achaeans were strongly intrenched behind
43; Zonar. vii. 19.) The censorship, which -was a deep foss. In the act of leaping his horse over
instituted in his second consulship, he filled in B.C. the foss Machanidas fell by the hand of Philo435, with C. Furius Pacilus Fusus. These censors poemen. To commemorate their leader's valour,