A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

864 LYSIADES. LYSIAS.
possessed of much influence, but in the confusion "homo festivus," and attacks his appointment by'
that followed the death of Seleucus a few months Antony as a judge. (Philipp. v. 5, viii. 9.)
after we hear no more either of her or her children. 3. A Pythagorean philosopher of Catana. (Iam(Paus. i. 10. ~ 3-5.) [E. H. B.] blich. Vit. Pyth. 36.) [P. S.]
LYSA'NIAS (Avtarras). 1. An Athenian of LYSIANASSA (AvaoLdvaoaa), the name of
the deme Sphettus who, according to some accounts, three mythical personages, none of whom is of any
was the father of Aeschines, the disciple of Socrates. interest. (Hesiod. Theog. 258; Apollod. ii. 5. ~
(Plat. Apol. Socr. c. 22; Diog. Lairt. ii. 60.) 11; Paus. ii. 6. ~ 3.) [L. S.]
2. The father of Cephalus, one of the inter- LY'SIAS (Avolas). 1. An Athenian, who, aclocutors in the republic of Plato. (Plat. Polit. p. cording to Diodorus (xiii. 74), was one of the ten
330, b.) generals appointed to succeed Alcibiades in the
3. A friend of Alexander the Great. In con- command of the fleet, B. C. 406. His name indeed
junction with Philotas he was sent to the coast, in does not occur in the list of them as given by
charge of the booty taken after-the victory over the Xenophon (Hell. i. 5. ~ 16), but that author agrees
Thracians, B. C. 335. (Arrian. i. 2.) with Diodorus in mentioning him shortly after as
4. A Greek grammarian, a native of Cyrene. one of those who actually held the command at the
He is mentioned by Athenaeus as the author of a battle of Arginusae, on which occasion his trireme
work on the: Iambic poets (vii. p. 304 b, xiv. p. was sunk, and he himself made his escape with
620 c.). Suidas (s. v.'EpaToaoNOY s) Speaks of him difficulty. It was only to encounter a worse fate,
as the instructor of Eratosthenes. It is-perhaps for on his return to Athens with five of his colthe same who is mentioned by Diogenes Lairtius leagues, they were all six immediately brought to
(vi. 23) as the son of Aeschrion. trial, condemned, and executed, on the charge of
5. Tetrarch of Abilene. He was put to death having neglected to carry off the bodies of the citiby Antony, to gratify Cleopatra, B. c. 36. (Dion zens who had fallen in the action. (Xen. Hell.
Cass. xlix. 32; Joseph. Ant. Jud. xv. 4. ~ 1.) i. 6. ~ 30, 7; Diod. xiii. 99, 101; Philochorus,
6. A descendant of the last, who was tetrarch up. Schol. ad Aristoph. Ran. 1196.)
of Abilene, at the time when our Saviour entered 2. A general under Seleucus Nicator, who in
upon his ministry (Luke, iii. 1). He died pro- B. c. 286, by the command of that prince, occupied
bably about the time when the emperor Claudius the passes of Mount Amanus, so as to prevent the
ascended the throne. In the first year of the escape of Demetrius Poliorcetes, who, in consereign of this emperor the tetrarchy of Lysanias quence, fell into the hands of Seleucus. (Polyaen.
was conferred upon Herod Agrippa. (Joseph. Ant. iv. 9. ~ 5; comp. Plut. Demetr. 49.)
Jud. xx. 7. ~ 1.) [C. P. M.] 3. One of the ambassadors sent by Antiochus
LYSA'NIAS, a statuary, whose name occurs in the Great, in B. C. 196, to meet the ten deputies
an inscription on a base found in the island of appointed by the Romans to settle, together with
Scio, Atlavyas lArovov ToJ' AL5vvcro'v tcaTe- Flamininus, the affairs of Greece. He was aftericeiaoe, whence it appears that the artist's father wards present at the interview of the king with
was named Dionysus, and that the statue was one the Roman ambassadors at Lysimachia. (Polyb.
of the god Dionysus. The word Ka'reoceu'aae xviii. 30, 33.) According to Appian (Syr. 6), he
might indeed refer to the dedication of the statue; also accompanied Hegesianax and Menippus on
but there are other inscriptions, in which it un- their embassy to Rome in B. c. 193, though he is
doubtedly designates the artist. Dionysus is fre- not mentioned on that occasion by Livy (xxxiv.
quently found as a man's name, as well as the 57-59).
commoner form, Dionysius. (Winckelman, Gesch. 4. A general and minister of Antiochus Epid. Kunst, bk. xi. c. 3. ~ 26, Meyer's note.) [P. S.] phanes, who enjoyed so high a place in the conLYSANO'RIDAS (Avuavoptsas), one of the fidence of that monarch, that when Antiochus set
three Spartan harmosts'who surrendered the Cad- out'for the upper provinces of his empire in B. c.
meia to the Theban exiles in B. c. 379. His two 166, he not only entrusted Lysias with the care of
colleagues Herippidas or Hermippidas and Arcesus his son Antiochus, but gave him the sole command
were executed by the Spartan government; but as of the provinces from the Euphrates to the sea.
Lysanoridas was absent on the night of the in- Lysias was especially charged to prosecute the war
surrection, he met with a less severe punishment, against the Jews, and accordingly hastened to send
and was sentenced to pay a large sum of money. an army into Judaea, under the command of PtoBeing unable, however, to do this, he went into lemy, the son of Dorymenes,'Nicanor, and Gorgias;
voluntary exile. (Plut. Pelop. 13, De Gen. Socrat. but these generals were totally defeated near Em5, 17, 34; Diod. xv. 27.) It was related- by maus by Judas Maccabaeus. The next year LyTheopompus (ap. Athen. xiii. p. 609, b.) that Ly- sias in person took the field, with a very large
sandridas, by whom he probably means Lysanoridas, army, but effected nothing of importance. News
was expelled from Sparta by the intrigues of his soon after arrived of the death of Antiochus at
enemy Agesilaus, and that his mother Xenopeitheia, Tabae, in Persia (i. c. 164), on which Lysias imthe most beautiful woman in the Peloponnesus, mediately caused the young prince under hi's charge
and his sister Chryse, were put to death by the to be proclaimed king, by the title of Antiochus
Lacedaemonians. Eupator, and himself assumed the sovereign power
LY'SIADES (AvaLdS7is). 1. An Athenian poet, as his guardian, although that office had been con(probably dithyrambic, since his victory was gained ferred by Antiochus Epiphanes on his death-bed
with a chorus of boys), whose name appears on the upon another of his ministers named Philip. A
choragic monument of Lysicrates, which fixes his new expedition against the Jews was now underdate to O1. cxi. 2, B. C. 335. [LYSICRATES.] taken by Lysias, accompanied by the young king:
2. An Epicurean philosopher of Athens, the son they made themselves masters of the strong fortress.
of the celebrated philosopher Phaedrus, was con- of Bethsura, and compelled Judas to fall back upon
temporary with Cicero, who speaks of him as Jerusalem, where they besieged him in the temple,