A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

LYCIUS. LYCOMEDES. 845
to urge them to ally themselves with Philip V. of period. The group (which stood at Olympia, near
Macedon,-at any rate not to join the Roman and the Hippodamion, and was dedicated by the people
Aetolian league. He defended the kings of Mace- of Apollonia, on the Ionian gulf), had for its founddonia from the attack of CHLAENEAS, and dwelt ation a semicircular base of marble, in the middle
on the danger of allowing the Romans to gain a of the upper part of which was the statue of Zeus,
footing in Greece and on the indignity of the de- with Thetis and Hemera (Aurora) supplicating
scendants of those who had repulsed Xerxes and him on behalf of their sons Achilles and Memnon.
his barbarians becoming now the confederates of Those heroes stood below, in the attitude of comot/ler barbarians against Greeks. (Pol. ix. 32- batants, in the angles of the semicircle; and the
39.) space between them was occupied by four pairs of
6. An Aetolian, a partisan of Rome, was made Greek and Trojan chieftains,-Ulysses opposed to
general of the Aetolians, ill B. C. 171, through the Helenus, they being the wisest men of either army,
influence of Q. Marcius and A. Atilius, two of the Alexander to Menelaus, on account of their original
Roman commissioners sent to Greece in that year, enmity, Aeneas to Diomed, and DeYphobus to the
(Liv. xlii. 38.) In B. c. 167, the Aetolians com- Telamonian Ajax. It is most probable that, though
plained to Aemilius Paullus, then making a pro- the base was of marble, the statues were of bronze.
gress through Greece, that Lyciscus and Tisippus A vase has been recently discovered at Agrigentum,
had caused 550 of their senators to be slain by by Politi, the painting on which seems to *be an
Roman soldiers, lent them by Baebius for the pur- imitation of this group. (Real-Encyclopdidie d.
pose, while they had driven others into banishment Class. Alterthu/swissenschaft,'s. v.)
and seized their property. But the murder and The question has been raised whether Lycius
violence had been perpetrated against partisans of was not also a chaser of gold or silver cups. The
Perseus and opponents of Rome, and the Roman fact is probable enough, for the great artists frecommissioners at Amphipolis decided that Lycis- quently executed such minute works, and cups by
cus and Tisippus were justified in what they had Myron, the' father of Lycius, are expressly mendone. Baebius only was condemned for having tioned by Martial (vi. 92, viii. 51); but the actual
supplied Roman soldiers as the instruments of the authority on which the statement rests can hardly
murder. (Liv. xlv. 28, 31.) [BAEBIUS, No. bear it out. Demosthenes (c. TPmoth. p. 1193)
5.].. [E. E.] mentions prahAas,vcovpyeZs (or rAvcKIOVPY's), which
LYCISCUS, a statuary, who made " Lagonem the grammarian Didymus explained as cups made
puerum subdolae ac fucatae vernilitatis." (Plin. by Lycius, not being aware, as Polemon objects (ap.
H.1V. xxxiv. 8. s. 19. ~ 17.) [P. S.] Azl/. xi. p. 486, e.), that such compounds are not
LY'CIUS (AVKscos), i. e. the Lycian, a surname formed from names of persons, but from names of
of Apollo, who was worshipped in several places of places, like NatlovpTyJs Kc'Wvapos, 8Gppos MA7Lycia, and had a sanctuary and oracle at Patara in crouvpys', Ktcivl XLovpyrs, and Tpdresra'P1vio~pyq7s.
Lycia. (Pind. Pylk. i. 39; Propert. iii. 1. 38; Polemon explains the word as meaning made in
Virg. Aen. iv. 143, 346, 377.) It must, however, Lycia, like the 7rpoeoJAoes xvicospysas mentioned
be observed, that Lycius is often used in the sense by Herodotus (vii. 76), and in this he is followed
of Lyceius, and in allusion to his being the slayer by Harpocration (s. v.), and by most modern
of wolves. (Comp. Serv. ad Aen. iv. 377, who scholars. (See Valckenaer ad Herod. 1. c.) The
gives several other explanations of the name; Paus. style of Lycius probably resembled that of his
ii. 9. ~ 7, 19. ~. 3; Philostr. Her. x. 4; Eustath. father. [P. S.]
ad Hiorn. p. 354.). LYCOA'TIS (AvtncTfs), a surname of Artemis,
Lycius also occurs as the proper name of two who had a temple at Lycoa, in Arcadia. (Pans.
mythical beings, one a son of Lycaon (Apollod. iii. viii. 36. ~ 5.)
8), and the other a son of Pandion.'(Paus. i. 19. LYCO'CTONUS. [LYcEvsus.]
~ 4.) [L. S.] LYCO'LEON (AvKohAowV), an Athenian orator,
LY'CIUS (AVicKos), of Eleutherae, in Boeotia, and a disciple of Isocrates, is mentioned only by'
was a distinguished statuary, whom Pliny mentions Aristotle (Rket. iii. 10), who quotes a fragment of
as only the disciple, while Pausanias and Polemon an-oration of his re'p Xaeptov. As in that frag-'
make him the son, of Myron. He must, therefore, ment mention is made of the bronze statue which
have flourished about 01. 92, B. c. 428. (Plin. was erected to Chabrias (Diod. xv. 33; Nep. ClUab.
H. N. xxxiv. 8. s. 19; Ibid, ~ 17; Paus. i. 23. ~ 1), it is evident that that oration must have been
7, v. 22. ~ 3; Polemon, ap. Ath. xi. p. 486, d; delivered after the year B. c. 377. [L. S.]
Suid. s. v.; respecting the true reading of the second LYCOME'DES (Avioi8a/si).- 1. A -king of
passage of Pliny, see HEGESIAS, p. 368, b.) Pliny the Dolopians, in the' island of Scyros, near Eumentions as his works a group of the Argonauts, boea, father'of Deidameia; and grandfather of Pyr-'
and a boy blowing up an expiring flame: " a work rhus or Neoptolemus. (Apollod. iii. 13. ~ 8.) Once
worthy of his teacher." At the end of the same when Theseus came to him, Lycomedes, dreading
section' Pliny adds, " Lycins (for so the best the influence of the'stranger upon his own sub:ects,
MSS. read, not Ly# s) et ipse puerum suffitorem," thrust him down a rock. Some related that the
which we take to be obviously an after insertion, cause of this violence was, that Lycomedes would
made with Pliny's frequent carelessness, and de- not give up the estates which Theseus had in
scribing nothing else than the " puerum sufflantem" Scyros, or the circumstance that Lycomedes wanted
mentioned by him above. Pausanias states that to gain the favour of Menestheus. (Plut. T/zes. 35;
he saw in the Acropolis at Athens a bronze statue Paus. i. 17, in fin.;.Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 1324';
by Lycius, of a boy holding a sprinkling vessel Soph. Phil. 243; Apollod. iii. 13.)
(rEpavrr'tprov). Pausanias (v. 22. ~ 2) also men- 2. A son of Creon, one of the Greek warriors at
tions a group by Lycius, which is exceedingly in- Troy (Hom. II. ix. 84); he was represented as a
teresting as a specimen of the arrangement of the wounded man by Polygnotus in the Lesche at
figures in a great work of statuary of the best Delphi. (Pans. x. 25. ~ 2.)