A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

LUCIUS. — LUCIUS. 827
distinguished between the God of the Jews ('whom to -Pagi -and - Pearson in A. D. 252. According to
he designated as malignant, and whose minister Baronius he was born at Rome, and his father was
Simon Magus was) and Christ (whom he called named Porphyrius. Of his history previous to his
"'the Good One"), He denied the reality of pontificate little more is known than that he was.
Christ's human nature, and affirmed that he was one of the presbyters who accompanied his pre-..
not crucified, but that another suffered in his place. decessor into exile. when he'was banished by the.
He condemned marriage as altogether unlawful. emperor Gallus to Centum Cellae, now Civita
Both Augustin and' the author of the book De Vecchia. [CORNELIUS.] Lucius himself was baFide (11. cc,) cite a passage from this work, which nished a short time after his election, but soon
they call ActusApostolorum; and it is evident from obtained leave to return. His return was about
what they say that it was much esteemed among the end of the year 252, or early ill the year 253.
the Manichaeans, though rejected by the great (256 according to Baronius), and he could not have:
body of Christians. But it is not so clear whether long survived it, as his whole. pontificate was:only:.
the author lived before'or after the time of Manes, of six or eight. months, perhaps even shorter than'
who flourished in the latter half of the third cen- that. He died, not as Baronius states, in A. D.,
tury. Whether he wrote any other works is not 257, but' in A.D. 253, being, according to some
clear. Pope Innocent I., or the writer, whether accounts, martyred by decapitation. The manner
Innocentius or not, of the' Epistola II.. ad of his death is, however, very doubtful. (Euseb.
Etuperantium, ascribes to " one Leucius" some H. E. vii. 2; Cyprian. Epistol. 61, 68, ed. Fell..
apocryphal writings extant in his time (Innocent 58, 67, ed. Pamelii;- Pearson, Annal. Cyprqian. ad
died A. D. 417), under the names of Matthew, of ann..252, 253; Baronius, Annal. ad ann. 255, 256,
James the Less, and of Peter and John: and in 257, 258; Pagi, Critice in Baronium; Tillemont,.
the prefatory letters to the apocryphal Evangeliurn Mginoires, vol. iv. p. 118, &c.)
de Nativitate Mariae (Fabric. Codex Apocryph. N. 9. Of PATRAE, a Greek writer of uncertain
T. vol. i. p. 19), which pretend to be addressed to date. He wrote MEraClopopoEwov XhoyoL,do"(pops,
or written by Jerome, by whom the Evangelium Metamorphoseon Libri Diversi, which are now lost,
itself (which was ascribed to the evangelist but were extant in the time of Photius, who has
Matthew) was professedly translated from the described them (Bibl. cod. 129). His style was
Hebrew into Latin, it is stated that a work on the perspicuous and pure, but his works were crowded.
same subject, or rather the same work much inter- with marvels; and, according to Photius, he repolated, had -been published by Seleucus, a Mani- lated with perfect gravity and good faith the transchaean. We are not aware that the date of these formations of men into brutes and brutes into
pseudo-Hieronymian letters is known, but they in- men, and " the other nonsense and idle tales of the.
dicate that such a work by Seleucus was then in ancient mythology." Some parts of his works bore
existence;-and this Seleucus. is by many critics so close a resemblance to the Lucius s. Asinus of
identified with our Leucius. Huet supposes that Lucian, that Photius thought he had either borthe apocryphal writings ascribed to Leucius by pope rowed from that writer, or, as was more likely,
Innocent included the Protevangelium Jacobi given Lucian had borrowed from him. The latter alterby Fabricius (l. c. p. 66); but if there be any native appears to be the true one; for if Photius is
foundation for this opinion, Leucius must have correct as to Lucius believing the stories he related,
lived a century before Manes, as indeed Grabe sup- we can hardly suppose he would have derived any
poses that he did. Fabricius, however, decidedly re- part of his narratives from such an evident scoffer
jects the opinion of Huet. Grabe (Not. ad Irenaeum, as Lucian; and Lucian possibly designed, by giving
lib. i. c. 17) cites from a MS. at Oxford, containing the name Lucius to his hero, and making him an
Ieucii Evangelium, a passage which resembles part inhabitant of Patrae, to ridicule the credulity of
of the Evangelium Infantiae (c. 49), but does not his predecessor.
exactly agree with it. A portion of the Montanists, 10. The PYTHAGOREAN. [See No. 5.]
who existed as late as the end of the fourth century, 11. Of ROME. [See No. 8.] [J. C. M.]
boasted, though falsely, of a Leucius, as having LU'CIUS, artists. 1. A lamp-maker, whose
been an influential person among them (Pacian. name is inscribed on a lamp in Bartoli's collection.
Epistol. I. c. 6; apud Aguirre, Concil. Hispan. (Lucerne, vol. iii. pl. 9; Welclker, in the Kunstblalt,
vol. i. p. 317, fol. Rom. 1753). This Leucius was 1827, No. 84; R. Rochette, Lettre a M. Schorn,
perhaps the same as the Leucius Charinus of p. 342, 2ndedition.)
Photius; though Fabricius rather identifies him with 2. An artist in pottery, the maker of a vessel
another Leucius, mentioned by Epiphanius(Haeres. in the Leyden Museum. (Janssen, Afus. Lugd.
Ii. 6, p. 427, ed. Petav.) as a disciple of the Inscript. p. 141.)
Apostle John. (Augustin. Phot. 11. cc.; Fabric. 3. A gem-engraver, the maker of a beautiful
Cod. Apocryph. N. T. pars ii.'p. 768, pars iii. p. head of Victory. (Bracci, vol. ii. p. 132.) [P.S.]
624, alibi, 8vo. Hamb. 1719; Tillemont, Mimoires, LU'CIUS, a physician of Tarsus in Cilicia
vol. ii. p. 445, 446; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad Ann. 180, (Galen.'De Compos. Medicam. sec. Loc. ix. 5. vol,
et ad fin. Saec. vi.) xiii. p. 295), who must have lived in or before the
5. Of ETRURIA. Plutarch, in his Symposiac. s. first century after Christ, as he. is mentioned by
Quaest. Convivial. (viii. 7,8) introduces as one of the Archigenes. (ap. Galen. ibid. iii. 1. vol. xii. p. 623.)
speakers Lucius, -an Etruscan, and a disciple of He was perhaps tutor to Criton (Galen, ibid. v.
Moderatus the Pythagorean, who flourished in the 3. vol. xii. p. 828) and Asclepiades Pharmacion
reign of the emperor Nero. Lucius asserted that (ibid. vol. xiii. pp. 648, 746, 846, 850, 852, 857,
Pythagoras himself was an Etruscan. 969), unless (as is not unlikely) the term o Ka40?. 6. HAERETICUS. [See Nos. 2, 4.]'yI7TSs be used merely as a sort of honorary title.
7. MANICHAEUS. [See No. 4.] Fabricius says (Bibl. Graec. vol. xiii. p. 310, ed.
8. PAPA, succeeded Cornelius as bishop of Rome vet.) that he was tutor to Galen, but it is probable
according to Baronius in A. D. 255, but according that in the passage referred to (vol. xiii. pp. 524,