A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

824 LUCILIUS. LUCILLA.
antiquity alone, just as we ourselves speak fami- us, exhibiting throughout great command of Ianliarly of old Chaucer and old Marlowe. guage, and containing not a few brilliant passages.
The writings of Lucilius being filled with strange The object proposed is not' so much to present a
and obsolete words, proved peculiarly attractive to highly coloured picture of the terrors of an eruption
the grammarians, many of whom devoted them- as to explain upon philosophical principles, after
selves almost exclusively to their illustration. At the fashion of Lucretius, the causes of the various
a very early period the different pieces seem to physical phenomena presented by the volcano, and
have been divided into thirty books, which bore to demonstrate the folly of the popular belief which
the general name of Satirae, each book, in all pro- regarded the earthquakes and the flames as probability, containing several distinct essays. Up- duced by the struggles and the fiery breathing of
wards of eight hundred fragments from these have imprisoned giants, or by the anvils and furnaces of
been preserved, but the greater number consist of the swart Cyclopes. With regard to the author:isolated couplets, or single lines, or even parts of all is doubt. The piece was at one time generally
lines, the longest of the relics, which is a defence of supposed to belong to Virgil, in consequence, it:virtue, and is quoted by Lactantius (Instit. Div. would seem, of an expression in the biography of
vi. 5), extending to thirteen verses only. From that poet, which bears the name of Donatus (scrip
such disjointed scraps, it is almost' impossible to sit etiam, de qua ambigitur, Aetnam); some of the
form any judgment with regard to the skill dis- earlier scholars believed it to be the work of Peplayed in handling the various topics which in turn tronius, probably from having found it attached to
afforded him a theme; but it is perfectly clear that the MSS. of the Satyricon; by Julius Scaliger it
-his reputation for caustic pleasantry was by no was ascribed to Quintilius Varus; by Joseph
means unmerited, and that in coarseness and broad Scaliger (and his opinion has found many suppersonalities he in no respect fell short of the porters), to Cornelius Severus [SEVERUS], who
licence of the old comedy, which would seem to is known to have written upon this topic, while
have been, to a certain extent, his model. It is others have imagined that they could detect the
manifest also, that although a considerable portion hand of Manilius or of Claudian. Wernsdorff,
of these remarkable productions were satirical in followed by Jacob, the most recent editor, fixes
the commonly received acceptation of the term, upon Lucilius Junior, procurator of Sicily, the
that is,.were levelled against the vices and follies friend to whom Seneca addresses his Epistles, his
of his age, they'embraced a much-wider field than Natural Questions, and. his tract on Providence,
that over which Horace permitted himself to range, and whom he strongly urges to select this very
for not only did they comprise dissertations on re- subject of Etna as a theme for his muse. Although
ligion, morals, and criticism, an account of a journey it is perfectly vain, in the absence of all direct
from Rome to Capua, and from thence to the Sici- evidence,'to pronounce dogmatically upon the
]ian Strait, which evidently served as a model for question of authorship, we may, from a careful
the celebrated journey to Brundisium; but a large examination of the style, language, and allusions,
part of one book, the ninth, was occupied with dis- decide with certainty that it is not a production of
quisitions on orthography, and other grammatical the Augustan age, and therefore cannot be assigned
technicalities. The theme of his sixteenth book to Severus; but whetherit belongs to the Neronian
was his mistress Collyra, to whom it was inscribed. epoch, or to a much later date, as Barthius main-,Of the thirty books, the first twenty and the tains, it is impossible to determine.
thirtieth appear to have been composed entirely in (Donatus, Vit. Virg. 7; Vincent. Bellovac. Specul.
heroic'hexameters; the'remaining nine in iambic Histor. vii. 62, xx. 20; Jacob Magn. Sopholog. iv.
and trochaic measures. There are, it is true, several 10; Jul. Scalig. Hypercrit. 7; Jos. Scalig. Not. in
apparent exceptions, but these may be ascribed to Aetnam; Barth. Advers. xlix. 6, ad Stat. TiLeb. x.
some error inthe number of the book as quoted by 911; Senec. Epist. lxxix.; comp. Ep. xix. Quaest.
the grammarian, or as copied by the transcriber. Natural. iv. praef.). [W. R.]
The fragments of Lucilius were first collected by LUCILLA, A'NNIA, daughter of M. Aurelius
Robert and Henry Stephens, and printed in the and the younger Faustina, was born about A. D.
Fragmenta Poetarum Veterum Latinorum, 8vo. 147. Upon the death of Antoninus Pius, in A. D.
Paris, 1564. They were published separately, 161, she was betrothed to the emperor,. L. Verus,with considerable additions, by Franciscus Dousa, who was at that time setting out upon an expediLug. Bat. 4to. 1597, whose edition was reprinted tion against the Parthians, and joined her husband
by the brothers Volpi, 8vo. Patav. 1735; and, at Ephesus three years later.. After his death,
along with Censorinus, by the two sons of Haver- which happened in A. D. 169, hastened, according
camp, Lug. Bat. 8vo. 1743. They will be found to Capitolinus (M. Aurel. c. 26), by poison from
attached to the'Bipont Persius, 8vo. 1785; to the her hands, she was given in marriage to Claudius
Persius of Achaintre, 8vo. Paris, 1811, and are Pompeianus, a native of Antioch, who, although of
included in the Corpus Poetazrum Loatinorum of M. equestrian rank only, was much esteemed on acMaittaire, fol. Lond. 1713, vol. ii. p. 1496. (A count of his great abilities and high character.
number of the controverted points with regard to Lucilla accompanied M4. Aurelius to the East at
the life and writings of Lucilius have been investi- the period of the rebellion of Avidius Cassius; and
gated with great industry by Varges in his Speci- after her father's death, was treated with much
men Quaestionumn Lucilianarum, published in the distinction by her brother, Commodus; but being:
Rleinischies Museum for 1835, p. 13. Consult jealous of the superior honours paid to his empress,
also Bayle's Dictionary, art. Lucile; Fr. Wiillner, Crispina, and eager to get rid of a husband, whom
de Laevio Poeta, 8vo. Monast. 1830; and Van she despised, as far inferior to herself, she engaged
Heusde, Studia Critica in C. Lucilium, 8vo. Traj. in a plot against the life of the prince, which, having
ad Rhen. 1842.) [W. R.] been detected, she was banished to the island otf.
LUCI'LIUS JUNIOR, a poem in 640 hex- Capreae, and there put to death, about the year
ameters, entitled Aetna, has been transmitted to A. D; 1.83. The story of.her baving been accessory