A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

822. LUCIFER. LUCILIUS.
hasty performance, containing some gross errors. The works of this fierce polemic, which, although
The best English version is that of Dr. Franklin, all alike deformed by the same unseemly harshness
2 vols. 4to. London, 1780, and 4 vols. 8vo. London, and passion, are extremely valuable, on account of
1781; but some of the pieces are omitted. Mr. the numerous quotations from Scripture every
Tooke's version (2 vols. 4to. London, 1820) is of where introduced, may be arranged in the followlittle value. [T. D.] ing order:
LUCIE'NUS, a Roman senator, a friend of M. I. Epistola ad Eusebium, written in the month
Varro, and one of the speakers in his dialogue. De of March or April, 355. II. De non conaeniendo
Re Rustica (ii. 5). He is supposed to be the same cum Haereticis, written between 356 and 358, at
person with Lucienus or Luscienus mentioned by Germanica, while suffering under the persecution
Cicero (ad Att. vii. 5). [W. B. D.] of Eudoxius, the Arian bishop of that place. IIL
LU'CIFER. [PHOSPHORUS.] De Regibus Apostolicis, written at Eleutheropolis in
LU'CIFER, bishop of Cagliari, hence surnamed 358. IV. Ad Constantium Augustum pro Sanclo
Valaritanus, first appears in ecclesiastical history Athanasio, Libri II., written at the same place,
as joint legate with Eusebius of Vercelli [EUSMBIus about 360.' V. De non parcendo in Deum - delizVERCELLENSIS] from pope Liberius to the council quentibus, written about the same time with the
of Milan (A. D. 354), where, along with his col- preceding. VI. Moriendum pro Filio Dei, written
league, he displayed such determined firmness in about the beginning of 361, on being interrogated
withstanding the demands of the Arian emperor, respecting the authorship of the tract Ad Constanthat he was first cast into prison, and then trans- tium. VII. Epistola ad Florentizum Magistrum
ported from place to place as an exile, every where Officiorum, written at the same time with the preenduring hardships and cruelty. While residing ceding. An Epistola ad Cbatholicos, written while
at Eleutheropolis in'Syria he composed in vigorous imprisoned at Milan, is lost.
but coarse and unpolished style his chief work, en- The Editio Princeps of the works of Lucifer
titled Ad Constantium Augustum pro Sancto At/ha- appeared at Paris, 8vo. 1568, superintended by
nasio Libri II., which, although containing forcible Joannes Tillius, bishop of Meaux (Meldensis), and
arguments in favour of the truth, is characterised dedicated to pope Pius the Fifth. Although in
by such outrageous intemperance of expression, that many respects very imperfect, it was reprinted
many passages bear more resemblance to the ravings without alteration in the Magna Bibliotheca Patrum,
of a furious madman than to the calm reasoning fol. Colon. 1618, vol. iv. p. 121, and also in the
which would become a Christian minister. Con- Paris collection. But even these are superior to
stantius, either in anger or contempt, inquired of the text exhibited in the Biblioth. Pats em Max.
Lucifer, through Florentius, the magister officiorum, fol. Lugdun. 1687, vol. iv. p. 181, since here we
whether he was really the author of this invective, find not only many changes introduced without
but no immediate punishment appears to have MS. authority, but all the scriptural quotations
followed the bold acknowledgment, and any scheme accommodated to the vulgate version. Much better
of vengeance which might have been meditated than any of the preceding is the edition containedwas frustrated by the death of the tyrant. The in the Bibliotheca Patrumn of Galland, vol. vi. p. 115
violent and ungovernable temper of the Sardinian (fol. Venet. 1770), but by far the best is that pubprelate, who was now restored to freedom, along lished by the brothers Coleti (fol. Venet. 1778),
with other victims of religious persecution, soon whose labours presented this father for the first
began to introduce confusion and discord among time in a satisfactory form. (Hieronym. de Viris
his own friends. He increased the disorders which Ill. 95, Advers. Luciferian. Dial.; Rufin. H. E.
agitated the church at Antioch by interfering in i. 30; Sulp. Sever. H. S. ii. 48; Socrat. H. E. iii.
their.disputes, and ordaining Paulinus bishop, in 5; Sozomen. H. E. v. 12; Theodoret. H. E. iii. 4;
opposition to Meletius; and when his proceedings Schonemann, Biblioth. Patr. Lat. i. ~ 8, where very
were censured by Eusebius, who had been de- full information concerning the different editions
spatched to Antioch by the Alexandrian synod to will be found..) [W. R.]
quell these tumults, he did not hesitate to anathe- LUCI'LIA GENS, plebeian, produced only
matise his old tried friend, so long the companion one person of any celebrity, the poet Lucilius; but
of his dangers and misfortunes, Finding that his none of its members obtained any of the higher
extreme opinions received no. sanction from the offices of the state. Under the republic we find
ecclesiastical authorities either in the East or West, the cognomens BALBUS and BAssus, and under the
and that he was disclaimed even by. Athanasius, empire CAPITO and LoNGus. On coins we find
who at one time had spoken of his writings in the cognomen Rufus, which does not, however,
terms of the warmest admiration, he retired to his occur in any ancient writer (Eckhel, vol. v. p. 239).
native island, and there founded the'small sect of A few persons of the name of Lucilius are menthe Luciferiani.. The distinguishing tenet of these tioned without any cognomen.
schismatics was, that no Arian bishop, and no LUCI'LIUS. 1. SEXT. LUCILIUS, tribune of
bishop who had in any measure yielded to the the plebs, B. C. 86, a partizan of Sulla, was in the
Arians, even although he repented and confessed following year thrown down the Tarpeian rock by
his errors, could enter the bosom of the church his successor P. Laenas, who belonged to the
without forfeiting his ecclesiastical rank, and that Marian party. (Vell. Pat. ii. 24.)
all bishops and others who admitted the claims of 2. SEXT. LUCILIUS, the son of T. Gavius Caepio,
such persons to a full restoration of their privileges was tribune of the soldiers in the army of M.
became themselves tainted and outcasts-a doctrine Bibulus, and was slain at Mount Amanus, B. C. 50.
which, had it been acknowledged at this period in (Cic. ad Att. v. 20. ~ 4.)
its full extent, would have had the effect of excom- 3. L. LUCILIUS, was with App. Claudius Pulmunicating nearly the whole Christian world. cher [CLAUDIUS, No. 38] in Cilicia, B. c. 38 (Cic.
Lucifer died during' the reign of Valentinian, pro- ad Farn. iii. 5. ~ 1). He is probably the same as
bably about A. D. 370. the Lucilius who is mentioned. by Cicero as com