A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

802 IONGINUS. LONGINUS.. c. 54 [LATEiENSIS], and the'speech which he measures -of the aristocracy. They put their veto
delivered on -that occasion is replied to by Cicero at upon the decrees of the senate, and when they
considerable length. (Cic. pro Planc. 24, &c.) He were driven out of the senate-house by the consuls
is again mentioned in B. C. 52 as the accuser of M. on the 6th of January, they left Rome,'and fled to
Saufeius. (Ascon. in M1il. p. 54, ed. Orelli.) On Caesar's camp. Caesar's victorious advance through
the breaking out of the civil war he joined the Italy soon restored them to the city, and itwas
party of Caesar, while his brother espoused that of they who summoned the senate to receive the conPompey. He is' mentioned as one of Caesar's le- queror. Upon Caesar's setting out for Spain in
gates in Greece in B. C. 48, and was sent by him the course of this year, in order to oppose Afranius
into Thessaly, in order to keep a watch upon the and Petreius, the legates of Pompey, he took Casmovements of Metellus Scipio. Before the battle sius with him; and after the defeat of the Pomof Pharsalia he was despatched by Caesar with peians, when he departed from the province, he left
Fufius Calenus into Southern Greece [CALENUS.] Cassius governor of Further Spain. Hated by the
Some ancient writers (Suet. Caes. 63; Dion Cass. inhabitants, on account of his former exactions, and
xlii. 6) confound him with his brother, and erro- anxious to accumulate still further treasures, he
neously state that it was Lucius, and not Caius, was obliged to rely entirely upon the support of
who fell in with Caesar in the Hellespont after the his soldiers, whose favour he courted by presents
battle of Pharsalia. [See above, p, 800, b.] and indulgencies of every kind. Meantime, he
In B. C. 44 L. Cassius was tribune of the plebs, received orders from Caesar to pass over to Africa,
but was not one of the conspirators against Caesar's in order to prosecute the war against Juba, king of
life. He is mentioned by Cicero as present at the Numidia, who had espoused the side of Pompey;
Ludi Apollinares, which Brutus exhibited in the orders which delighted him much, as Africa afforded
month of July, in order to conciliate the people a fine field for plunder. Accordingly, in B. c. 48,
[see above, p. 801, a.], and is said to have been re- he collected his army at Corduba; but while he
ceived with applause as the brother of Caius. He was thus employed, a conspiracy broke out which
subsequently espoused the side of Octavian, in op- had been formed against him by the provincials,
position to Antony; and consequently, when the and in which many of his troops joined. He was
latter assembled the senate in the capitol on the openly attacked in the market-place of Corduba,
28th of November, in order to declare Octavian an and received many wounds: the conspirators,
enemy of the state, he forbade Cassius and two of thinking that he was killed, chose L. Laterensis as
his colleagues to approach the capitol, lest they his successor. [LATERENSIs, No. 2.] Cassius,
should put their veto upon the decree of the senate. however, escaped with his life, succeeded in put[Comp. TI. CANuTIUS.] In March, B. C. 43, L. ting down the insurrection, and executed LaterenCassius, in conjunction with his mother and Ser- sis and all the other conspirators who were unable
vilia, the mother-in-law of his brother Caius, at- to purchase their lives. The province was treated
tempted to prevent the latter from obtaining the with. greater severity than ever. Shortly afterconduct of the war against Dolabella, because the wards two legions, which had formerly served
consuls Hirtius and Pansa laid claims to it. On under Varro, the legate of Pompey, and which were
the reconciliation of Octavian and Antony in the marching to Calpe to be shipped for Africa, openly
latter end of this year, Lucius, who dreaded the declared against Cassius, and elected one T. Torius
anger of the latter, fled to Asia; but after the as their commander. The inhabitants of Corduba
battle of Philippi he was pardoned by Antony at also rose in insurrection, and the quaestor, MVI.
Ephesus, in B.C. 41. (Caes. B. C. iii. 34, &c., 55; Marcellus Aeserninus, who had been sent by
Dion Cass. xli. 51; Cic. ad Att. xiv. 2, ad Fam. Cassius to quiet the town, placed himself at their
xii. 2, 7, Philipp. iii. 9; Appian, B. C. v. 7.) head. Cassius immediately sent to Bogud, king
13. C. CASSIUS LONGINUS, the son of the mur- of Mauritania, and to M. Lepidus, who commanded
derer of Caesar [No. 11 ], to whom his father gave in Nearer Gaul, for succours; and till these should
the toga virilis on the 15th of March, B. C. 44, just arrive, he took up a strong position on a hill, about
before the assassination of the dictator. (Plut. 4000 paces from Corduba, from which it was seBrut. 14.) parated by the river Baetis (Guadalquiver). From
14. L. CAssIUs LONGINUS, son of No. 12, was this position, however, he was obliged to retire,
left by his uncle C. Cassius [No. 11] as governor and take refuge in the town of Ulia, which Marof Syria. in B. C. 43, when the latter departed from cellus proceeded to enclose by lines of circumvalthe pro'vince in order to unite his forces with those lation. But before these were completed Bogud
of M. Brutus. He subsequently joined his uncle, came to his assistance, and shortly afterwards
and fell in the battle of Philippi in the following Lepidus appeared with a numerous force. The
year. (Appian, B. C. iv. 63, 135.) latter called upon Marcellus and Cassius to lay
15. Q. CassIus LONGINUS, is called by Cicero aside hostilities; Marcellus immediately obeyed,
(aqd Ait. v. 21) the fiater of C. Cassius [No. 11], and joined Lepidus, but Cassius hesitated to place
by which he probably means the first cousin rather himself in his power, and asked- for a free dethan the brother of Caius, more especially as both parture. This was'granted to him; and as he
Quintus and Caius were tribunes of the plebs in heard about the same time that his successor, C.
the same year. The public life of Quintus com- Trebonius, had arrived in the province, he hastened
menced and ended in Spain. In B. c. 54 he went to place his troops in winter-quarters (B. C. 47),
as the quaestor,of Pompey into that country, and and to escape from the province with his treasures.
availed himself of the absence of the triumvir to He embarked at Malaca, but his ship sank, and he
accumulate vast treasures in Further Spain. His was lost, at the mouth of the Iberus. (Cic. ad Att.
conduct was so rapacious and cruel, that a plot v. 20, 21, vi. 6, 8, vii. 3, 18, ad Fam. xvi. 11; Caes.
was formed to take away his life. In B. C. 49 he B. C. i. 2, ii. 19, 21; Hirt. B. Alex. 48-64;
was tribune of the plebs, and, in conjunction with Appian, B. C. ii. 33, 43; Dion Cass. xli. 15, 24,
his colleague M. Antony, warmly opposed the xlii. 15, 16, xliii. 29'; Liv. Egpit. 111.)