A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

LEOBOTES. LEOCHARES. 749
appearing under the corrupt form of TBlraciae. l of Heracleia, was slain in battle by the Oetaeans,
Sirmond first detected the real author of the piece, together with 700 of the settlers, through the
and restored the true title-Provinciae tertiae Lug- treachery of his Achaean allies, B. c. 409. (Xen.
dunensis s. Turon2icae. Hell. i. 2. ~ 18; Thirlwall's Greece, vol. iv. p.
It will be found in Labbe, Concil. vol. iii. col. 95, note 1.) He is perhaps the same who is
1420, fol. Par. 1672, and was placed by the bro- called Labotus in Plutarch. (Apooph. Lac. p. 140,
thers Ballerini in the Appendix Epistolarum Leonis ed. Tauchn.) [E. E.]
Magni, vol. i. col. 1469-72. See also Sirmond, LEOCE'DES (AeweK 4s), son of the tyrant
(Concil. Gall. vol. i. pp. 119, 599, vol. iv. p. 667. Pheidon. (Herod. vi. 127.). [PsHEIDON.]
(Schinemann, Biblioth. Patrzum Lat. vol. ii. ~ LEO'CHARES (Aewxa'dprs). 1. An Athenian
52.) [W. R.] statuary and sculptor, was one of the great artists
LEO or LEON, jurists. 1. A jurist, who lived of the later Athenian school, at the head of which
about the time of Theodosius II. or shortly after- were Scopas and Praxiteles.~ He is placed by
wards. He is mentioned by Sidonius Apollinaris in Pliny (H. N. xxxiv. 8. s. 19) with Polycles I.,
the following lines (Narbo, v. 448 —551), which Cephisodotus I., and Hypatodorus, at the 102d
are remarkable from showing at how late a pe- Olympiad (B. C. 372). We have several other
riod the laws of the twelve tables formed a part indications of his time. From the end of the 106th
of legal instruction:- Olympiad (B. c. 352) and onwards he was em-'i Sive ad doctiloquli Leonis aedes, -Cployed upon the tomb of Mausolus (Plin. xxxvi.
5. s. 4. ~ 9; Vitruv. vii. Praef. ~ 13: SATYRUS);
Utro Claudius se tabulas docente juriset, and he was one of the artists employed by Philip
Claro obscurior in decemviratu." to celebrate his victory at Chaeroneia, 01. 110, 3,
B. C. 338. The statement, that he made a statue
2. A praefectus praetorio of the East, under of Autolycus, who conquered in the boys' pancration
Anastasius. (Cod. 7. tit. 39. s. 6). He was pro- at the Panathenaea in 01. 89 or 90, and whose
bably the author of the Edictum cited by Theo- victory was the occasion of the Symposion of
dorus. (Basil. vol. iv. p. 414, ed. Fabrot.) He Xenophon (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. s. 19.. 17;
was different from the praefectus praetorio of Italy, comp. Schneider, Quaest. de Conviv. Xenophl.), seems
to whom the 143rd Novell was addressed in at first sight to be inconsistent with the other
Latin by Justinian in A. D. 563. (Biener,- Ge- dates; but the obvious explanation is, that the
schichte der Novellen, p. 532; C. E Zachariae, statue was not a dedicatory one in honour of the;Anecdota, p. 261, n. 43.) victory, but a subject chosen by the artist on ac3. A. Graeco-Roman jurist, probably contem- count of the beauty of Autolycus, and of the same
porary with Justinian. A legal question of Leo is class as his Ganymede, in connection with which
cited in Basil. 29. tit. 1. schol. (vol] iv. p. 610, ed. it is mentioned by Pliny; and that, therefore, it
Fabrot.) In Basil. 21. tit. 2. schol. (vol. ii. p. 633), may have been made long after the victory of
occurs another legal question of Leo, with the cor- Autolycus. In one of the Pseudo-Platonic epistles
rupt heading, Aeoelrs'Avaoapa~'es(or'Araeapees) (13, p. 361), the supposed date of which must be
epcJils. Leo, in the latter passage, inquires about 01. 104, Leochares is mentioned as a young
whether a woman, who, while she was a slave, had and excellent artist.
exercised the trade of prostitution, was infamous The masterpiece of Leochares seems to have
after manumission; and Stephanus, who answers been his statue of the rape of Ganymede, in which,
in the negative, gives a curious reason for the according to the description of Pliny (1. c.), the
rule. * eagle appeared to be sensible of what he was carryA Leo Sebastinus, monk and jurist, is often cited ing, and to whom he was bearing the treasure,
by the untrustworthy Nic. Comnenus Papadopoli, taking care not to hurt the boy through his dress
in his Praenotiones Mystagoyicae.. His Ecthesis with his talons. (Comp. Tatian, Orat. ad Grace. 56,
Canonum is mentioned, pp. 143,216,219,249,278; p. 121, ed. Worth.) The original work was pretty
and his scholia on Balsamo, p. 325. [J. T. G.] certainly in bronze; but it was frequently copied
LEO or LEON, a physician, called Ot~Aaoopos Ical both in marble and on gems.' Of the extant copies'tavpds, the author of a short Greek medical work, in marble, the best is one, half the size of life, in
in seven books, entitled 1v'vo~ts'rjs'laTpctjis, the Museo Pio-Clementino. (Visconti, Mus. Pio(Conspectuts Medicinae, dedicated to a person named Clem. vol. iii. pl. 49; Abbildungen zua Winckelmann,
Geogyius, at whose request it was written. It con- No. 86; Miiller, Denkmailer d. alten Kunst, vol. i.
sists of'a very brief account of about two hundred pl. 36.) Another, in the' library of S. Mark at
diseases, taken in a great measure from Galen. It Venice, is larger and perhaps better executed, but.
is uncertain at what time Leo lived, but it may have in a much worse state of preservation. (Zanetti,
been about the'eighth or ninth century after Christ. Statue, vol. ii. tav. 7.) Another, in alto-relievo,
The work is to be found in Greek and Latin, in among the ruins- of' Thessalonica, is figured in
F. Z. Ermerins, Anecdota Medica Graeca, 8vo., Stuart's Athens, vol. iii. c. 9, pl. 2 and 9. (Comp.
Lugd. Bat., 1840. [W. A. G.] Meyer, Kunstgesclsichte, vol. ii. pp. 97, 98.) These
LEO or LEON, artists. 1. A painter, of un- copies, though evidently very imperfect, give some
known date; whose picture of Sappho is men- idea of the mingled dignity und grace, and refined
tioned by Pliny (xxxv. 11. s. 40. ~ 35). sensuality, which were the characteristics of the'
2. One of those statuaries who made. "athletas, later Athenian school. Winckelmann mentions a
et armatos, et venatores sacrificantesque." (Plin. marble base found in' the Villa Medici at Rome,,
lxxxiv. 8. s. 19. ~ 34.) [P. S.] and now in the gallery at Florence; which bears
LEOBO'TES (AeweCtamr or AEwgfT-r), the the inscription' rANTMHAHC AEOXAPOTC
Ionic form of LABOTAS (AaeiTas). 1. King of AOHNAIOT. (Geschl. d. Kunst. b. ix. c. 3. ~ 12,
Sparta. [LABOTAS.] note.) Though, as. Winckelmann shows (comp.
2. A Spartan harmost at the unfortunate colony R. Rochette, Letltre a 1A. Schorn, p. 341, 2d edit.)