A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

JULIANUS. JULIANUS. 653
comparison of authorities, appears to us by far the Julianus was born about the year A. D. 100,
most probable: — after Trajan had become emperor. This is inferred
from the date of his labours on the Edict, which,
(A) Paternal line of the Emperor Didins Julianus. according to Eusebius, were undertaken about A. D.
Didius Severus, 132, when he was probably praetor. At this peInsuber Me- riod the leges annales were strictly observed, and
diolanensis. the regular age for the praetorship was about thirty.
(Plin. Ep. vii. 30; Dion Cass. lii. p. 479.) He
Didius Severus. is the first jurist named in the Florentine Index to
I the Digest, though there are fragments in that work
Petronius.Didius Severus, from nine jurists of earlier date, and, though he
married Aemilia Clara, was not the last of the Sabinians, he is the last
grand-daughter of the jurist named by his contemporary Pomponius in
jurist Julianus. [See the fragment De Origire Juris (Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 2).
(B)]. That he flourished under Antoninus Pius, and survived that emperor, may be collected from several
l I passages in the Digest. (Dig. 4. tit. 2. s. 18; Dig.
M. Didius Salvius Didius Proculus. 3. tit. 5. s. 6.) In Dig. 37. tit. 14. s. 17, the Divi
Julianus Severus I Fratres, Antoninus Marcus and Lucius Verus, call
Augustus, emperor, A son, to whom him theirfriend, a designation ordinarily given by
married Manlia Didia Clara was the emperors to living members of their council.
Scantilla. betrothed. By many it has been supposed that he lived to a
great age, from a misunderstanding of Dig. 40. tit.
Didia Clara Augusta, 5. s. 19. In that passage, the person who speaks
destined for her of having attained his 78th year, and of being decousin, the son of sirous to gain information, though he had one foot
Didius Proculus, in the grave, is not Julianus, but the client who
but married to Cor- seeks his opinion.
nelius Repentinus. In Dig. 40. tit. 2. s. 5, he speaks of Javolenus
as his praeceptor. It was usual to manumit slaves
(B) Maternal line of the Emperor Didius Julianus. before praetors and consuls, when they held their
Salvius Julianus, the jurist, levees. Whether the magistrate could manumit his
Hadrumetinus, Afer. own slaves at his own levee was doubted. Julianus
says that he remembered Javolenus having done so
M. Salvius Julianus, by Dion in Africa and Syria, that he followed his praeceptor's
Cassius wrongly named Ser- example in his own praetorship and consulship, and
vius, consul A. D. 175, put to recommended other praetors who consulted him to
death by Commodus about act in the same manner. It thus appears that he
A. D. 188, by many bio- was consul, and Spartianus says that he was praegraphers confounded with: fectus urbi, and twice consul, but his name does not
the jurist. appear in the Fasti among the consules ordinarii.
He was in Egypt when Serapias, the Alexandrian
woman who produced five children at a birth, was
in Rome. (Dig. 46. tit. 3. s. 46.) Pancirolus and
Aemilia Clara, married Salvius Julianus, uncle o (Dig. 46 tit. 3. s. 46.) Pancirolus and
others, from supposing the jurist to be referred to
Petronius Didius of the emperor, be- in passages of the Digest (e. g. Dig. 48. tit. 3. s.
Severus, father of trothed to the daugh-in passages
eSeverus, fatheer of trothedtothe daugh- 12) which probably relate to other Salvii, have
the emperor. [See ter of the jurist conferred upon him various provincial governments.
(A)].' Taruntenus Paternus, The time of his death is uncertain, but it appears
has been sometimes that he was buried in the Via Lavicana, for SparconfoundedG with the. tianus (Julian. c. ult.) says that the body of the
emperor was deposited in the monument of his
proavus.
It appears from Spartianus, that the emperor had It was under Hadrian that he chiefly signalised
a brother, Numius Albinus, and from an inscription himself. That emperor was accustomed, when he
in Gruter (Inscr. p. 459, 2), it has been thought presided at trials, to have the advice and assistance
that Numius Albinus was the son of a Vibia Salvia not only of his friends and officers of state, but of
Varia. Hence Reinesius conjectures that the Vi- jurists approved by the senate. Among the most
bia of the inscription and the Aemilia Clara of eminent of this legal council were Juventius Celsus,
Spartianus are the same person, while Heineccius Salvius Julianus, and Neratius Priscus. (Spart.
supposes that Numius Albinus was called the bro- Hadr.) By the'order of Hadrian, he collected
ther of the emperor, though he had neither the and arranged the clauses which the praetors were
same' father nor the same mother, as being the son accustomed to insert in their annual edict, and apby a fbrmer husband of a former wife of the em- pears to have condensed his materials, and to have
peror's father. According-to Heineccius, one Nu- omitted antiquated provisions. The exact nature
mius and Vibia were the parents of Numius Albi- and extent of this reformation of the Edict is one
nus; then, after the death of Numius the father, of the most obscure and disputed questions in the
Petronius Didius and Vibia were the parents of history of the Roman law. Some legal historians
Didius Proculus; then, after the death of Vibia, look upon it as a most important change, and supPetronius Didius and Aemilia Clara were the pa- pose that the power of departing from the Edict by
rents of the emperor.' additions or modified clauses was now taken away