A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

ESQUILINUS. ETEONICUS. 53
tioned above. Of the Dubitationes no further ac- ETEARCHUS- ('EITapXov). 1.. An ancient
count is given; but the subject, as far as it is indi- king of the city of Axus in Crete, who, according
cated by the title, renders it very doubtful if the to the Cyrenaean accounts, was the grandfather of
work belongs to the Egyptian Monk. Battus I., king of Cyrene. The story of the way
The.Ascetica and Opuscula of Esaias, described in which he was induced to plan the death of his
in Catalogues, are perhaps portions or extracts of daughter Phronime, at the instigation of her stepthe works noticed above. This is probably the mother, and of the manner in which she was precase with the passages given by Cotelerius among served: and taken to Cyrene, is told by Herodotus
the "Sayings of the Fathers." (Palladius, Hist. (iv. 154, 155).
Lausiaca, c. 18. ed. Meursius, Leyden, -1616; 2. A king of the Ammonians, mentioned by
Tillemont, Mdmoires, vol. vii. p. 426; Cave, Hist. Herodotus (ii. 32) as the authority for some acLit. vol. i. p. 254, ed. Oxford, 1740-3; Bibliothe- counts which he heard from certain Cyrenaeans of
ca Patrunz, vol. xii. p. 384, &c. ed. Lyon, 1677; an expedition into the interior of Africa undertaken
Assemanni, Bibliotheca Orientalis, vol. iii. par. i. by five youths of the Nasamones. [C. P. M.]
p. 46, note; Cotelerius, Ecclesiae Graecae Monu- ETEMUNDIS, the name prefixed to an epimenta, vol. i. p. 445, &c.; Fabric. Bibl. Graec., gram of two lines to be found in Burmann, Anthol.
vol. ix. p. 282, vol. xi. p. 395, Bibliotheca Mediae Lat. iii. 283, or n. 547, ed.' Meyer, but of whom
et Infimnae Latinitatis, vol. ii. p. 109; Catalogus nothing is known.: [W. R.]
MStorum Bibliothecae Regiae, vol. ii., Paris, 1704.) - ETEOCLES ('ETreolcA7s.) 1. A son of Andreus
3. The PERSIAN. The Acta of the Martyrs, and.Evippe, or of Cephisus, who was said to have
Saints Jonas and Barachisius in the Acta Sanc- been the first that offered sacrifices to the Chlrites
torum of the' Bollandists, are a version of a Greek at Orchomenos, in Boeotia. (Paus. ix. 34. ~ 5, 35.
narrative, then, and probably still, extant in the Li- 1; Theocrit. xvi. 104; Schol. ad Pind. 01. xiv. 1;
brary of the Republic of Venice, purporting to be Miller, Orchom. p. 128.)
drawn up by Esaias. the soin of Adam, one of the 2. A son of Oedipus and Jocaste. After his
horsemen (" eques,") of Sapor, King of Persia, un- father's flight from Thebes, he and his brother
der -whom the martyrs suffered. (Acta Sanctorum, Polyneices undertook the government of Thebes
Martii, vol. iii. p. 770, &c.) [J. C. M.] by turns. But, in consequence of disputes having
ESQUILI'NUS, a name of several families at arisen between the brothers, Polyneices fled to
Rome, which they obtained from living on the Adrastus, who then brought about theexpeditionof
Esquiline hill. The name also occurs as an agno- the Seven against Thebes. [ADRASTUS.] When many
men to distinguish a member or a branch of a' par- of the heroes had fallen, Eteocles and Polyneices
ticular family from others of the same name. resolved upon deciding the -contest by a single com1. An agnomen of P. LICINIUS CALVUS, both bat, but both the brothers fell. (Apollod. iii. 5. ~ 8,
father and son. [CALvus, Nos. 1, 2.] 6. ~~ 1, 5, &c.; Paus. ix. 5. ~ 6; comp. Eurip.
2. An agnomen of L. MINuIJIUs AUGURINUS Phoen. 67; JOCASTE.) [L. S.]
and Q. MINucIus AUGURINUS, though, according ETEOCLUS ('E'oKAos) a son of Iphis, was,
to the Fasti, Augurinus would be the agnomen and according to some traditions, one of the seven heroes
Esquilinus the cognomen. [AUGURINUS II., Nos. who went with Adrastus against Thebes. He had
3, 4.] - to make the attack upon the Neitian gate, where
3. L. or M. SERGIus ESQUILINUS, one of the he was opposed by Megareus. (Aeschyl. Sept. c.
second decemvirate, B. C. 450. (Liv. iii. 35; Thekb. 444, &c.; Apollod. iii. 6. ~ 3.) He is said to
Dionys. x. 58, xi. 23.) have won a prize in the foot-race at the Nemean
4. An agnomen'of the VIRGNII TRICOSTI. games, and to have been killed by Leades. (ApolAlmost all the members of the Virginia gens had lod. iii. 6. ~~ 4, 8.) His statue stood at Delphi,
the surname Tricostus, and those who dwelt on the among those of the other Argive heroes. (Paus. x.
Esquiline had' the surname Esquilinus, just as 10.: 2; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1042.) [L. S.]
those living on the Caelian hill had the surname ETEONI CUS ('ETedVUKOS), a Lacedaemonian,
CAELIOMONTANUS. Two members of the gens have who in B. c. 412 was lieutenant under the admiral
the surname Esquilinus, namely, OPITER VIRGI- Astyochus, and assisted him in his unsuccessful
NIJS TRICOSTus ESQUILINUS, who was consul in operations against Lesbos. (Thuc. viii. 23.) He
B. C. 478,- filling the place of C. Servilius Structus was afterwards harmost in Thasos, but in 410,
Ahala, who died in his year of office (Fasti), and -together with the Lacedaemonian party, was exhis grandson, L. VIRGINIUS TRiCOSTUS ESQUILI- pelled' by the Thasians. (Xen. Hell i; 1. ~ 32.)
NUS, consular tribune in B. C. 402. The conduct In 406 we find him serving under Callicratidas,
of the siege of Veii was entrusted to the latter and who left him to blockade Conon in Mytilene, while
his colleague M'. Sergius' Fidenas, but in conse- he himself went to meet the Athenian reinforcequence of their privateenmity the campaign was a ments.'After the battle of Arginusae, by means'disastrous one. The -Capenates and Falisci ad- of a stratagem, Eteonicus succeeded in drawing off
vanced to the relief of Veii. The two Roman the land forces to Methymina, while he directed'generals had each the command of a separate camp:'the naval forces to make with all speed for Chios,
Sergius was attacked by the allies and a sally from'where he found means of rejoining them not long'the town at the same' time, and let himself be afterwards. In'the. course of his stay here, he,
overpowered by numbers, because he would not with considerable energy and promptitude, defeated
ask his colleague for assistance, and Virginius a plot formed by'some of the troops under his
would not send it because it was not asked.' In command'to seize Chios. (Xen. Hell. i. 6. ~ 26,
consequence of their misconduct, they were forced 36, &c., ii. 1. ~ 1, &c.) It is probably this Eteoto resign their office' before their year had expired. nicus whom we find mentioned in the Anabasis
-In the following year they were brought to. trial (vii. 1. ~ 12) apparently serving as an officer under
and condemned by the people to pay a heavy fine. Anaxibius at Byzantium. (B. c. 400.) Eleven
(Liv. v. 8, 9, 11,12.) - years afterwards (389), he is mentioned as being