A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

626 ISIDORUS. ISIDORrIS.
he saw that the number of the Arcadians rendered works of the minor geographers in the collections
resistance hopeless, hedisdained to leave his post,but of Hischel (1600), Hudson (1703), and Miller
sent away the young soldiers of his force to Sparta (Supplement aux dernieres editions des petits Geoto serve her in her impending danger, while he graphes, Paris, 1839; comp. Letronne, Fragmens
himself and the older men remained behind, and des Poe'mes Geogr. de Scymnus, Paris, 1840.) That
died fighting bravely. (Xen. Hell. vi. 5. ~~ 24- his geographical work embraced not only Parthia,
26; Diod. xv. 64; comp. Plut. Pelop. 24, Ages. but probably the whole of the then known world,
31.) This is probably the same Ischolaus who is may be inferred from several quotations from Isimentioned by Polyaenus (ii. 22). [E. E.] dorus in Pliny. (H. N. ii. 108, s. 112; iv. 4. s. 5;
ISCHO'MACHUS ('IoxJtaXos), an Athenian, 22, s. 37; v. 6, et alib.) He seems to have lived
whose fortune, according to Lysias, was supposed under the early Roman emperors. A passage in
during his life to amount to more than seventy ta- his OraOtzol, in which he refers to the flight of
lents (above 17,0001.), but on hisdeath he was found Tiridates (p. 4; comp. Tac. Annal. vi. 44), seems
to have left less than twenty, i. e. under 5,0001. to fix his time in or after the reign of Tiberius.
(Lys. pro Arist. Bon. p. 156.) It appears, however, He is quoted, however, by Lucian (Macrob. 15),
that he squandered his money on flatterers and in a way which seems at first sight to imply that
parasites. (Heracl. Pont. ap. Athen. xii. p. 537, he lived in the time of Ptolemy I., that is, before
c.) The union of meanness and prodigality is so the existence of the Parthian empire which he decommon as to furnish no reason against supposing scribes. There is no occasion, however, to assume
this Ischomachus to have been the same person another Isidore of Charax; we would rather assume
whose stingy and grasping character we find at- either that the Artaxerxes of whom Lucian speaks
tacked by Cratinus (ap. Athen. i. p. 8, a.). We was one of the Arsacidae, or that the words fsrl
can, however, hardly identify him with the Ischo- airv ira?'pooV are not to be taken literally, or that
machus whom Xenophon introduces (Oecon. 6, &c.) here, as in many other instances, Lucian's incias holding a most edifying conversation with his dental chronology is worth nothing. (Dodwell,
newly-married wife on the subject of domestic Dissert. de Isidoro ChLaraceno; Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
economy, of which he is represented as a bright vol. iv. pp. 612-614.)
example. Whether either of these was the Ischo- 4. A CYNIC philosopher, who had the courage to
machus whose daughter was married to the noto- utter a sarcasm against Nero in public. (Sueton,
rious CALLIAS, is again a doubtful point. (Andoc. Ner. 39.)
De Myst. p. 16.) The Ischomachus mentioned in 5. Of GAZA, a Neo-Platonic philosopher, the friend
the Hrymenaeus of Araros (ap. Athen. p. 237, a.) of Proclus and Marinus, whom he succeeded as
was perhaps, says Meineke (Fragm. Corn. Graec. chief of the school. He again retired, however,
vol. ii. p. 176), a grandson of the man who is into private life. His wife, according to Suidas
satirised by Cratinus. But the name was possibly (s. v.'T7rarla), was Hypatia, herself also celebrated
used by Araros as the representative of a class, and in the history of philosophy; but it seems doubtful
in that case is no other than the mean feeder of whether Suidas has not committed an anachronism
parasites in the older poet. [E. E.] in this statement. (Wernsdorf, Dissert. iv. de
ISCHYS ('Iaxvs), a son of Elatus, and the be- Hypatia, philosopha Alexandrina; HYPATIA.) His
loved of'Coronis at the time when she was with mother, Theodote, was also one of a family of phichild (Asclepius) by Apollo. The god wishing to losophers, being the sister of Aegyptus, the friend
punish her faithlessness, caused Artemis to kill of Hermeias. (Suid. s. V.'Epaielas.) The life of
her, together with Ischys. [CORONIS.] [L. S.] Isidorus, by Damascius, is quoted by Photius,
I'SEAS ('Iuaas), tyrant of Ceryneia in Achaia, Biblioth. Cod. 242; see also Suid. s. v.'I;8acooo
at the period of the first rise of the Achaean league. 5vptavdr, Mapvos, Zapawlw7v.
Alarmed at the rapid progress of the confederacy 6. Of PELUSIuM, a Christian exegetical writer,
-the four cities of Dyme, Patrae, Tritaea, and at the end of the fourth and the beginning of the
Pharae,:which formed the original league, having fifth century. He was a native of Alexandria
been already joined by Aegium and Bura-he (Phot. Biblioth. Cod. 228, p. 247. a. 3, ed. Bekker),
judged it prudent to provide for his personal safety but he spent his life in a monastery near Pelusium,
by voluntarily abdicating the sovereign power, of which he was the abbot, and where he practised
whereupon Ceryneia immediately joined the Achae- the most severe asceticism. He was a great adans. (Polyb. ii. 41.) [E. H. B.] mirer of Chrysostoln, in defending whom he veheISIDO'RUS ('IiGw8cpos). l. Of AEGAE, an mently attacked the patriarchs Theophilus and
epigrammatic poet, five of whose epigrams are con- Cyril of Alexandria. (Phot. Bibl. Cod. 232,
tained in the Greek Anthology. (Brunck, Anal. p. 291, a. 42-b. 3.) He died about B.c. 450. A
vol. ii. p. 473; Jacobs, Ant/. Graec. vol. iii. p. book which he wrote against the Gentiles is lost,
177.) Nothing further is *known of him; but, but a large number of his letters are still extant.
from the style of his epigrams, Brunck conjectured They are almost all expositions of Scripture, and
that. he was not a very late. writer, and that he are valuable for the piety and learning which they
might perhaps be considered as a contemporary of display. They amount to the number of 2013,
Antiphilus, who flourished about the time of Nero. and it is not improbable that these are only a part
(Brunck, Lection. p. 228; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. of his letters, written for the benefit of solne partiVol. xiii. p. 905.) cular monastery. On the other hand, many of
2. A son of BASILIDES, the Gnostic heretic, them are believed to be spurious. They are divided
wrote a work, respl irpoo'puvos uvxirs, which only into five books, of which the first three were
exists in MS. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x. p. 495.) printed, with the Latin translation and notes of J.
3. Of CHARAX, a geographical writer, whose is de Billy, at Paris, 1585, fol.; reprinted, with the
IlapOias trepts7rrrc0's is quoted by Athenaeus (iii. addition of the fourth book, by Conrad Rittersp. 93, d.), and whose.vaOpol IlapOKcol (probably a hausen, Heidelberg, 1605, fol.; the fifth book was
part of the above work) are printed among the first published from a MS. in the Vatican, by the