A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

IPHIGENEIA. IPHIS. 619
was saved in a peal of thunder by the voice of Ar- that the Taurians considered the goddess to whom
temis and the interference of Achilles, who had they offered sacrifices, tb be Iphigeneia, the daughter
been gained over by Clytaemnestra, and sent of Agamemnon. From these and- other circumIphigeneia to Scythia. Tzetzes (1. c.) even states stances, it has been inferred that Iphigeneia was
that Achilles was actually married to her, and be- originally not only a priestess of Artemis, or a
came by her the father of Pyrrhus. heroine, but an attribute of Artemis, or Artemis'
While Iphigeneia was serving Artemis as priest- herself. For further explanations, see Kanne,
ess in Tauris, her brother Orestes, on the advice of Mythol. p. 115, &c.; M-uller, Dor. ii. 9. ~ 6;
an oracle, formed the plan of fetching the image of Schwenk, Etym. ilMyhol.'A ndeut. p. 218; G.Meyer,
Artemis in Tauris, which was believed once to De Diana Taurica Dissert. Berlin, 1835. [L. Si]
have fallen from heaven, and of carrying it to Attica. IPHIMEDEIA or IPHI'MEDE ('IlqaLpje'a,
(Eurip. Iph. Ta2r. 79, &c.) When Orestes, ac-'IlueR'), a daughter of Triops; and the wife-of:
companied by Pylades, arrived in Tauris, he was, Aloeus. Being in love with Poseidon, she often:
according to the custom of the country, to be sacri- walked to: the sea, and collected its waters in her
ficed in the temple of the goddess. But Iphigeneia lap, whence she became, by Poseidon, -the mother
recognised her brother, and fled with him and the of the Aloadae, Otus and Ephialtes. When Iphistatue of the goddess. Some say that Thoas, king medeia and her daughter, Pancratis, celebrated the
of Tauris, was previously murdered by the fugi- orgies of-Dionysus on Mount Drius, they were
tives. (Hygin. Fab. 121; Serv. ad Aen. ii..116.) carried off by Thracian pirates to Naxos or Stron-:
In the meantime Electra, another sister of Orestes, gyleo; bilt both were delivered by the Aloadae.
had heard that he had been sacrificed in Tauris by The tomb of Iphimedeia and her sons was shown
the priestess of Artemis, and, in order to ascertain at Anthedon. She was worshipped as a heroine at
the truth of the report, she travelled to Delphi, Mylasia in Caria, and was represented by Polywhere she met Iphigeneia, and was informed that gnotus in the Lesche at Delphi. (Hom. Od. xi.
she had murdered Orestes. Electra therefore re- 304; Apollod. i. 7. ~ 4; Diod. v. 50; Hygin.
solved on putting Iphigeneia's eyes out, but was Fab. 28.; Pans. ix. 22. ~ 5, x. 28. in fin.; Pind.
prevented by the interference of Orestes, and a Pyth. vii. 89.) [L. S.]
scene of recognition took place. All now returned IPHI'MEDON'(IqPLjeCwv), a son of Eurys-:
to Mycenae; but Iphigeneia carried the statue of theus, who fell in the battle against the HeraArtemis to the Attic town of Brauron near Mara- cleidae. (Apollod. ii. 8. ~ 1.) [L. S.]
thon. She there died as priestess of the goddess. IPHI'NOE ('IDnvJd). 1. A daughter of Proe —
As a daughter of Theseus she was connected tus and Stheneboea. (Apollod. ii. 2. ~ 2.)
with the heroic families of Attica, and after her 2. The wife of Metion, and mother of Daedalus.
death the veils and most costly garments which (Schol. ad Soph. Oed. Col. 468.)
had been worn by women who had died in child- 3. A daughter of Nisus, and the wife of Megabirth were offered up to her. (Eurip. Iph. Taur. reus.< (Paus. i. 39, in fin.)
1464; Diod. iv. 44, &c.; Paus. i. 33.) Pausanias- 4. A daughter of Alcathous, who died a virgin.
(i. 43), however, speaks of her tomb and heroum The women of Megara previous to their marriage.
at Megara, whereas other traditions stated that offered to her a funeral sacrifice, and dedicated a
Iphigeneia had not died at all, but had been lock of hair to her. (Pans. i. 43. ~ 4.)
changed by Artemis into Hecate, or that she was 5. One of the Lemnian women who received the
endowed by the goddess with immortality -and Argonauts on their'arrival in Lemnos. (Apollon.
eternal youth, and under the name of Oreilochia Rhod. i. 702; Val. Flacc. ii. 162, 327.) [L. S.]'
she became the wife of Achilles in the island of IPHION ('lTpiW) of Corinth, a painter, who is,
Ieuce. (Anton. Lib. 27.) The Lacedaemonians, only known by two epigrams, which are ascribed,
on' the other hand, maintained that the carved on doubtful grounds, to Simonides. (Anth. Pal.
image of Artemis, which Iphigeneia and Orestes ix. 757, xiii. 17; Brunck, Anal. vol. i. p. 142, No.:
had carried away from Tauris, existed at Sparta, 85, 86.) [P. S.]
and was worshipped there in Limnaeon under the IPHIS ('Iqts). 1. A son of Alector, and a
name of Artemis Orthia. (Pans. iii. 16.) The descendant of Megapenthes, the son of'Proetus.:
worship of this goddess in Attica and Lacedaemon He was king of Argos, and from him were descendedis of great importance. At Sparta her image was Eteoclus and Evadne, the wife of Capaneus. (Pans.said to have been found in a bush, and to have ii. 18. ~ 4, x. 10. ~ 2; Apollod. iii. 7. ~ 1; Schol.:
thrown the beholders into a state of madness; and ad Pind. 01. vi. 46.) He advised Polyneices to'
once, as at the celebration of her festival, a quarrel induce Amphiaraus to take part in the expedition
arose which ended in bloodshed, an oracle com- against Thebes, bygiving the famous necklace to Erimanded that in future human sacrifices should be phyle. (Apollod. iii. 6. ~ 2.) As he lost-his two:
offered to her. Lycurgus, however, is said to have children, he left his kingdom to Sthenelus, the son
abolished these sacrifices, and to have introduced of Capaneus. (Paus. ii. 18. ~ 4; Eurip.'Suppl.:
in their stead the scourging'of youths. (Paus. iii. 1034, &c.)
16. ~ 6; Diet. of Antiq. s. v. Diamastigosis.) 2. A son of Sthenelus, and brother of EurysThat in Attica, also, human. sacrifices were offered theus, was one of the Argonauts who fell in the,
to her, at least in early times, may be inferred battle with Aeetes. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iv.
from the fact of its being customary to shed some 223; Val. Flacc. i. 441; Diod. iv. 48, with Weshuman blood in the worship instituted there in seling's note.)
honour of Orestes. (Eurip. Iph. Taur. 1446, &c.) 3.- [ANAXARETE.] [L. S.]
Now, as regards the explanation of- the mythus IPHIS ('I0Ls). L. One of the daughters of
of Iphigeneia, we are informed by Pausanias:(ii. Thespius, by whom Heracles became the father of
35. ~ 2) that Artemis had a'temple at Hermione,,Celeustanor. (Apollod. ii. 7.'~ 8.)
under the surname of Iphigeneia; and the same 2. The'beloved of Patroclus, of' the island of
author (vii. 26) and Herodotus (iv. 103) tell us, Scyros. (Hoinm. I. ix. 667; Pbhilostr Her. 10.)