A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

IOPHON. JORNANDES.'607
buS, et Studiis Doctr inae, with the fragments, Lips. curious passage of the same grammarian (Cramer,
1836; Kipke, De lonis Poetae Vita et Fragmentis, Anecd. vol. iv. p. 315), attributing the composition
Berol. 1836, and in the Zeitschrift fir Alterthums- of the Antigone to Iophon. (Suid. s. v.'Iopcwu,
wissenschaft, 1836, pp. 589-605; Welcker, die:oqoKoiks; Aristoph. Ran. 73-78, and schol.;
Griech. Tray. pp. 938-958; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. Welcker, die Griech. Tray. pp. 975-977; Kayser,
vol. ii. pp. 307, 308; Kayser, Hist. CGrit. Trag. Hist. Crit. Trag. Graec. pp. 76-79; Fabric.
Graec. Gotting. 1845, pp. 175-190.) Bibl. Gr'aec. vol. ii. pp. 308, 309.)
2. Ion, of Ephesus, a rhapsodist in the time of 2. Of Gnossus, a composer of oracles in hexaSocrates, from whom one of Plato's dialogues is meter verse, quoted by Pausanias as preserving some
named, has been confounded by many writers with of the oracles of Amphiaraus. (i. 34. ~ 3.) [P. S.]
Ion of Chios; bit Bentley has clearly proved that IOPHOSSA ('Ioqpoc' a), a daughter of Aeetes,
they are different from the character and circum- commonly called Chalciope. (Schol. ad Apollon.
stances of the rhapsodist as described by Plato. IAhod. ii. 1115, 1153; Hesych. s. v.) [L. S.]
(Epist. ad M1ill.; Nitzsch, Proleg. ad Plat. Ion.; IOPS ("Iob), a hero who had a sanctuary at
Kayser, Hist. Crit. Trag. Graec. p. 180.) [P. S.] Sparta. (Panus. iii. 12. ~ 4.) [L. S.]
IO'NICUS ('IwvuKCs), a physician of Sardis in JORNANDES, or JORDA'NES, as he is
Lydia, whose father had also followed the same called, perhaps correctly, in the Codex Ambrosiaprofession with credit. He studied medicine under nus, and some other MS. of his works, an historian
Zenon, and was a fellow-pupil of Oribasius and of more renown than merit, yet of such great imMagnus, in the latter half of the fourth century portance, that without him our knowledge of the
after Christ. Eunapius, who has given a short ac- Goths and other barbarians would be very limited.
count of his life (De Vit. Philos. p. 174, ed. Ant- He lived in the time of the emperor Justinian I.,
werp.), says that he was not only well skilled in or in the sixth century of our era, but we know
all the branches of medical science, but that he had neither the time of his birth nor that of his death.
also paid attention to rhetoric, logic, and poetry, He was a Goth; his father's name was Alanovaand enjoyed the highest reputation. [W. A. G.] muthis, and his grandfather, Peria, had been noIO'NIDES ('Twvl8es or'Iwzrdbes), a name borne tarius, or private and state secretary, to Candax,.
by four nymphs believed to possess healing powers. king of the Alani. Jornandes held the same office
They had a temple on the river Cytherus in Elis, at the court of the king of the Alani, adopted the
and derived their name from a mythical Ion, a son Christian religion, took orders, and was made a
of Gargettuls, who was believed to have led a colony bishop in Italy. It is said that he was bishop of
from Athens to those districts. The story un- Ravenna, but this opinion does not rest on sufficient
doubtedly arose from the existence of a mineral evidence, and is the less credible as his name does:
spring on the spot where their sanctuary stood. not occur in the "Vitae Episcoporum Ravenna(Paus. vi. 22. ~ 4; Strab. viii. p. 356.) [L. S.] tium " by Agnellus, who lived in the middle of the
I'OPE ('Id7r?1), a daughter of Aeolus and wife of ninth century.
Cepheus, from whom the town of Joppa derived Jornandes is the author of two historical works
its -nane. (Steph. Byz. s.v.) In the legends of written in the Latin language. The first is
Perseus and Andromeda, she is called Cassio- entitled De Getarum (Gothlorun) Origine et Rebus
peia. [L. S.] Gestis, in which he relates the history of the Goths
I'OPHON('Iopcv). The legitimate son of Sopho- from their earliest migrations down to their subcles, by Nicostrate, was a distinguished tragic poet. jugation by Belisarius in 541; adding, howHe brought out tragedies during the life of his ever, some facts which took place after that event,
father; and, according to a scholiast, gained a bril- from which we may infer the time when he wrote.
liant victory (evPK7uCe xacsyrpis). He is said to Aschbach, the eminent author of the Geschic]hte
have contended with his father ( Vit. Soph.); and der Westyotken, characterises this work as follows:
it is recorded that he gained the second place ins a "In many respects this work is very valuable, becontest with Euripides and Ion, in B. c. 428. (Arg. cause the author has derived much information from
in Eur. Hipp.) He was still flourishing in B.c. the old traditions of the Goths, and relates things
405, the year in which Aristophanes brought out which we find neither in the Roman nor in the
the Frogs. The comic poet speaks of him as the Greek writers. In other respects, however, it deonly good tragedian left, but expresses a doubt serves very little credit, since it is written without
whether he will sustain his reputation without the any criticism, abounding in fables, and betraying
help of his father (who'had lately died); thus in- every where the author's extreme ignorance. He
sinuating either that Sophocles had assisted lophon is the principal source of the common belief which
in the composition of his plays, or that Iophon was confounded the Goths, the Getae, and the Scythibringing out his father's posthumous tragedies as ans, being misled by earlier Roman and Greek
his own. The number of Iophon's tragedies was writers, with whose works he was well acquainted;
50, of which the following are mentioned by Suidas: and he thus ascribes to the Goths whatever the'AXLXXAes, TrXe(pos,'AKraftwo,'IWov.7repts, ancients report of the Scythians and Getae, and
AlatFezd4s, BdcKXat, IlevOeU': the last two titles places the emigration of the Goths in the remotest
evidently belong to one play. To these should time. His accounts of the settlement of the Goths
perhaps be added a satyric drama entitled AdvA;rof. on the Black Sea, and their extensive dominions
(Clem. Alex. Strom. i. p. 280.) Of all his dramas, and great power during the reign of king Herman6nly a very few lines are preserved. For the cele- ric (in the middle of the fourth century), are among
brated story of his undutiful charge against his the best parts of his work." Jornandes is chiefly
father, see SOPHOCLES. Sophocles is said to have to be blamed for his partiality to his countrymen,
been reconciled to lophon, who placed an inscrip- incorrectness, confusion of events, anachronisms,
tion on his father's tomb, in which particular men- and want of historical knowledge. According to
tion was made of the composition of the Oedzpus at his own statement (Dedication to Castalius),.
Colonus. (Val. Max. viii. 7. ext. 12.) There is a his book is an extract from the lost history of