A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

602 JOANNES.
frequent conferences, Barlaam was compelled to fly, cited by Joannes Cyparissiota as by Dionysius of
and Josaphat had to encounter reproaches from his Alexandria. (Phot. Bibl. cod. 95, 107; Usher,
father, and temptations, by which it was hoped to Dissert. de Scriptis Dionys. Areop. suppositis, p.
lead him into sin. He succeeded in converting his 299, subjoined to his Historia Dogmatica de Scripprincipal opponents, and at length his father, on tsuris, &c. Vernaculis, 4to. Lond. 1689; Fabric. Bibl.
whose death he came to the throne, but soon re- Gr. vol. vii. p. 9,:vol. x. pp. 707, 710; Cave, Hist.
signed it, retired to solitude, and lived many Litt. vol. i. p. 466.)
years with his old friend Barlaam, whom he 112. SICULUS, or of SICILY, author of a Greek
succeeded in finding. On the death of Barlaam he Chronicon, extending from the creation to the end
buried him, and on his own death was buried near of the reign of Michael III., the son of Theophilus,
him. The writer professes to have derived his or to A.D. 866. It was formerly extant in the
narrative from some pious men of Aethiopia In- library of the Elector Palatine, and was used by
terior, "quos Indos vocant;" and is himself de- Sylburgius, as he says in the preface to his Sascribed in MSS. as'lwd'Yvnsr uovaxds arhp rIlyosr ral racenica; it is probably still extant in the Vaeizdperos UOvjs'roO ayIfov:da', " John the Monk, tican library at Rome. Mongitore mentions one
an honourable and virtuous man of the monastery of other copy, if not more. It is probable that he
St. Saba." It is ascribed by some, especially by Billy, is the author cited by Cedrenus in his Compendium
who argues the point at some length, to Joannes Da- (Prooem.) as O:LKEA16ATfrS, but this is not clear. A
maseenus [DAMASCENUS], who was a monk of St. Joannes Siculus, apparently the same, is enumerSaba; but Le Quien did not include it in his edi- ated among the Christian commentators on Hertion of the works of that father. Others ascribe it mogenes. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. vii. p. 471; Voss.
to a Joannes Sinaita or Joannes of Mt. Sinai, de Historiis Graecis, iv. 21; Mongitore, Bibliotheca
others to Joannes Climacus. [CLIMACUS.] The Sicula, vol. i. p. 313.)
Latin version has been published, however, by 113. Of SINAI. [CLIMACUS, arnd No. 106.]
other editors among the works of Damascenus, and 114. SYLVANUS. [See No. 72.]
separately by-Billy, 12mo. Antwerp, 1602. There 115. TALAIA, or TALAIDA, otherwise TABENare two more ancient editions, one a small folio in NISIOTA (TaefsrzVLOLrT1s), from the monastery of
black letter, the other in 4to.: neither of them Tabenna, near Alexandria; or of ALEXANDRIA,
have any indication of time or place. There are from his patriarchal see; or, from the offices which
also two ancient editions, one in black letter, printed he had previously held, OECONOMUS (oitcdvoluOS)
at Augsburg about A. D. 1470; the other also at and PRESBYTER. This ecclesiastic was sent by
Augsburg, perhaps about A. D. 1477. (Fabric. Bibl. the advice of some of the Alexandrians on a mission
Gr. vol. viii. p. 144, vol. ix. p. 737; Lambecius, to the Emperor Zeno (about A. D. 478-480), that.
Comment. de Bibliot]k. Caesarea, lib. viii. col. 14, in case of a vacancy in the patriarchate of that
&c.,. ed. Kollar; Panzer, Annal. Typograph. vol. city, then held by Timotheus Salophaciolus, a deiii. p. 30, No. 67, vol. iv. p. 93, No. 158; Denis, fender of the council of Chalcedon, the clergy and
Annal. Typog. Maittaire, Supplement, p. 505, Nos. laity of Alexandria might be allowed to choose his
4331, 4332, p. 593, Nos. 5194, 5195.) successor. According to Evagrius (or rather accord107. SAPIENS. [See No. 48.] ing to Zacharias Rhetor whom Evagrius cites as his
108. SCHOLAsTICUs. [See below, JOANNES, authority) Joannes was detected in intrigues to obJurists, No. 4.] tain his own appointment in the event of a vacancy:
109. SCHOLASTICUS. [See No. 111.] perhaps his connection with Illus [ILLus], whose
110. SCYLlTZES CUROPALATA. [SCYLITZRS.] friendship, according to Liberatus, he cultivated by
111. Of SCYTHOPOLis, a Greek ecclesiastical costly presents, excited the jealousy and apprehenwriter, apparently of the latter end of the fifth cen- sions of the emperor. However this might be,
tury or the beginning of the sixth. He wrote a work though Zeno granted to the Alexandriansthe liberty
against the followers of Eutyches and Dioscorus, which they had requested, he bound Joannes by a
entitled KaTr& Tc'V &hroaXXom'rv sTrS VCKKhA-tfas, solemn oath not to seek the succession for himself.
Contra desertores. Ecclesiae. It was divided into Soon after the return of Joannes, Timothus Salotwelve parts, and was undertaken at the suggestion phaciolus died (A. D. 481), and Joannes was elected
of a certain prelate, one Julianus, in reply to an to succeed him, but was almost immediately expelled
anonymous Eutychian writer, who had published a from his see by order of the emperor. The cause
book deceitfully entitled.Kaa' NECropeovs, Adversus of his expulsion is differently stated. Liberatus
Nestorium, and whom Photius supposed to be Ba- says that he was expelled mainly through the
silius, a presbyter of Cilicia. This Basilius wrote jealousy of Acacius, patriarch of Constantinople,
a reply to Joannes in very abusive style, charging to whom on different occasions he had failed in
him, among other things, with being a Manichaean, paying due attention. According to Evagrius, who
and with restricting Lent to a period of three weeks, quotes Zacharias as his authority, he was detected
and not abstaining from flesh even in that shortened in having procured his own election by bribery,v
period. and thus breaking the oath which the emperor had
Certain Hrap0eaO'ets, Scholia, to the works of the constrained him to take. The circumstances of
pseudo I)ionysius'Areopagita, which Usher has the times make it probable that his connection
observed to be mingled in the printed editions of with Illus, then the object of jealousy and susDionysius with the Scholia of St. Maximus, have picion to Zeno, if not actually in rebellion against
been ascribed to Joannes of Scythopolis. Anastasius him [IILUs], hadmuch to do with his expulsion, and
Bibliothecarius in the eighth century made a Latin was perhaps the chief cause of it. Joannes, expelled
translation of these mingled scholia, not now ex- from Alexandria, first resorted to Illus, then at
tant, in which he professed to distinguish those of Antioch; and having, through his intervention
Maximus from those of Joannes by the mark of obtained from the patriarch of Antioch and his
a cross. Fabricius identifies the Schiolia of Joannes suffragans a synodical letter commending him to
with the Commentarii in Dionysium Areopagitam the Pope (Simplicius), departed to Rome to plead