A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

598 JOANNES. JOANNES.
187, &c., ed. Labbe, vol. viii. -col. 1067, ed. time after the death of Damascenus, which occurred
Mansi.) about A. D. 756, or perhaps later [DAMASCENUS
74. Of JERUSALEM (3). Three extant- pieces JOANNES], and after the cessation of the Iconorelating to the Iconoclastic controversy bear the clastic contest, which may be regarded as having
name of Joannes of Jerusalem, but it is doubtful terminated on the death of the emperor Theophilus,
how far they may be ascribed to the same author. A. D. 842. But we have no data for determining
1.'Iowdvov esAa1eordT'oUv'roO'IepoooXvtirTou go- how long after these events the author lived. Le
vaxo6 Aney lars, Joannis Hierosolymitani reverend- Quien identifies him with a Joannes, patriarch of
issimi Monachi Narratio, a very:brief account of Jerusalem, who was burnt alive by the Saracens in
the origin of the Iconoclastic movement, published the latter part of the reign (A. D. 963-969) of
by Combefis among the Scriptores post Theophanem, Nicephorus Phocas, upon suspicion that he had
fol. Paris, 1685, and reprinted at Venice A. D. excited that emperor to attack them. (Cedrenus,
1729, as part of the series of Byzantine historians; Compend. p. 661, ed. Paris, vol. ii. p. 374, ed.
and is also included in the Bonn edition of that Bonn.) The life of Joannes Damascenus was first
series. It is also printed in the Bibliotheca Patrum published at Rome, with the orations of Damasceof Gallandius, vol. xiii. p. 270. 2. Aza'Aoyos Trlha- nus, De Sacris Imaginibus, 8vo. Rome, 1553: it was.TeuVTLIs yepo'/evos irapa iraow'rv Kal odp~oSdov reprinted atBaselwith the worksofDamascenus A.D.
Kal 7rdov cKal'hAov eiXdovwv rpls EAeyXOv TC;v 1575; and in the Acta Sanctorum Maii (a. d. 6),
EpavTYiw'Tis 7rioTreos Kal Tr'qs Soea Atarv.rlt vol. ii. (the Latin version in the body of the work,
dioyLn', ca o'pOoCaJ owv -CCV TraT'pWc, Disceptatio p. 111, &c., and the original in the Appendix, p.
invectiva quae zabita est a Fidelibus et Orthodoxis, 723, &c.); and in the edition of the works of
Studiumque ac Zelum habentibus ad confutandos ad- Damascenus by Le Quien, vol. i. fol. Paris, 1712.
versarios Fidei atque Doctrinae sanctorum orthodox- The Latin version is given (a. d. vi. Mail) in the
orumque Patruem nostrorum, first published by Vitae Sanctorum of Lippomani, and the De ProCombefis in the Scriptores post Thleophanem as the batis Sanctorum Vitis of Surius. (Le Quien, Jo.
work of an anonymous writer, and is contained in Damasceni Opera, note at the beginning of the
the Venetian, but not in the Bonn edition of the Vita S. Jo. Damase.; and Oriens Christianus, vol.
Byzantine writers. It is also reprinted by Gal- iii. p. 466; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. ix. pp. 686, 689,
landius (ut sup. p. 352) as written by " Joannes vol. x. p. 261; Cave, Hist. Litt. vol. ii. p. 29.)
Damascenus," or "Joannes Patriarcha Hierosoly- 76. Of JERUSALEM (5). There are several
mitanus," some MSS. giving one name and others works extant in MSS. in different libraries, the
giving the other. Gallandius considers that he is authors of which are called Joannes Hierosolymicalled Damascenus, from his birth-place. The tanus, especially two works apparently by the same
author of this Invective is to be. distinguished from writer on the points of controversy between the
the more celebrated Joannes Damascenus [DAMAs- Greek and Latin churches, 1.'Iwcpvvov rIiaspdpCENUS], his contemporary, to whom perhaps the XOu T6v'Iepo~oA6upYO A&yos BltaAEKscrOs LfTda
transcribers of the MSS., in prefixing the name Tr-vos Aartov OtAoco-ov pv i7roiaaTao ev'IepoaoDamascenus, intended to ascribe the work. 3. Atuols srepl T'Cr dh'cV'uWv, Joannis Patriarchae
Iced vou Arov axoi Kal 7rpeOavTrpov Tro6 Aacuamccsov Hierosolymitani Disputatio de Azymis, quam is in
Ao'iyo o droIelKc s 7repl 7r&p dgyo R a Kial rerTrv urbe Hierosolymitana cum philosopho quodam Latino
iiKdVcV, srphS irdvras Xp~asLuaobe Kal 7rprS T'rdav uit. 2. Joannes Patriarcha Hierosolymitanus,
/3aartua KvorTav'?vov rov KagaAhvov Kal 7rpos de Spiritu Sancto. Whether the work described as
7rdvr'as aperTKoMs', Joannis Damasceni Monachi ac Joannis Patriarchae Hierosolymitani Liber contra
Presbyteri Oratio demonstrativa de sacris ac vene- Latinos (Catalog. M&orum Angliae et Hiberniae,
randis Imaginibus, ad Christianos omnes, adversusque vol. ii. pars i. p. 358, No. 9121) is one of the foreImperatorem Constantinumn Cabalinure. The title going works or a different one we have no means
is given in other MSS.'ErioroAj)'Iodcvvov'Iepo- of ascertaining. The date of the writer is unceraoox6cwv YapXse7rLKoirov, K. r. A., Epistola Joannis tain. Oudin fixes him early in the fifteenth cenHfierosolymitani Archiepiscopi, &c. The work was tury, when the projects of union between the two
first printed in the A uctarium JNovum of Combdfis, churches had revived and inflamed the controversies
vol. ii. fol. Paris, 1648, and was reprinted by between them. (Cave, Hist. Litt. vol. ii. Dissert.
Gallandius (ut sup. p. 358, &c.). Fabricius is dis- Prima, p. 11; Fabric.Bibl. Gr.vol. xi. p. 656; Oudin,
posed to identify the authors of Nos. I and 3; and de Scriptor. et Scriptis Eccles.vol. iii. col. 2366.)
treats No. 2 as the work of another and unknown 77. JosEPHUS. Theodoret (Dissert. MS. in
writer; but Gallandius, from internal evidence, Proph7etas et Editiones, and Quaestio xxiv. in Exod.
endeavours to show that Nos. 2 and 3 are written and Quaestio x. in Josuam) mentions a Joannes
by one person, but that No. 1. is by a different Josephus ('Icdvvi7s'Icarlnos) as having revised the
writer; and this seems to be the preferable opinion. Septuagint. Hody thinks it probable that he was
He thinks there is also internal evidence that No. 3 the same as Josephus, a Christian [JosEPHUS, No.
was written in the year 770, and was subsequent 12], and author of a work extant in MS., entitled
to No. 2. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. vii. p. 682; Gal-'TrroAv7r1-TrKuO, Hypomnesticam s. Commonitorium,
landius, Bibl. Patrum, vol. xiii. Prolegomena, c. 10, whom Cave (Hist. Litt. vol. i. p. 397) places in the
15.) year 420. (Hody, de Biblior. Textibus Originalibus,
75. Of JERUSALEM (4), patriarch of Jerusalem, iv. 3. ~ 3; Usher, de Edit. LXX. Interprett. c. vii.
author of a life of Joannes Damascenus, BLos s-oV p. 78; Hottinger, Dissertationum Theolo g co-Philo
delou rraTpbs diycr''IcbovYou T'og AaaceKvov Evey- logicarum Fasciculus, Dis. III. c. lx. 9; Fabric.
~ypapelys 7rapa'Idov~ov 7ranrpldpXou'IepoeoAtxuwv, Bibl. Gr. vol. iii. p. 715; Cave, 1. c.)
Vita sancti Patris nostriJoannisDDamascenia Joanne 78. ITALUS ('IraAdj), a philosopher and herePatriarcha Hierosolymitano conscripta. The life is a siarch in the reign of Alexis or Alexius I. Comntranslation from the Arabic, or at least founded upon nenus (A. D. 1081-1118) and his predecessors,
an Arabic biography; and was writtena considerable derived his name from the country of his birth,