A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

JOANNES. JOANNES. 585
timnation of her husband. Upon this, Theodora and it might guide us in determining the time when the
Antonina, the wife of Belisarius, concerted one of writer lived. 2. A work which Photius describes,those petty plots through which women often suc- as Kar&' rs dyieas Tel-dpT7hr Jwd4ov, Adversus.ceed in ruining men: they surrounded him with, Quartamr Sanctam Synodum. This must be Phofalse flatterers, who pointed out to him the pos- tius's description, not the original title of the work;
-sibility of seizing the crown from Justinian, and for a writer against the authority of the council of
Antonina, having feigned hostile intentions towards Chalcedon would hardly have described it as " the
the emperor,persuaded John to an interview with fourth sacred council." Photius commends the
her. Their conversation was heard by spies placed style in which the work was written. Fabricius
there by Antonina and the empress, and Justi- identifies John of Aegae with the Joannes d &Sa-nian having been informed of it, deprived him of ucpwrovevos, i. e. "the dissenter," cited by the anony-'his office, confiscated his property, and forced him mous writer of the Atao'rasoes 0uavwopoAc xpovxcai,
to take the habit of a monk. Soon afterwards, Breves Demonstrationes Chronographicae, given by
however, he gave him most of his estates back, and Combefis in his Originum CPolitinarum Manipulus
John lived in splendour at Cyzicus (541). Four (pp. 24, 33); but Combefis himself (Ibid. p. 59)
years afterwards he was accused by Theodora of identifies this Joannes o iALaKpv6uevos with Johaving contrived the death of Eusebius, bishop annes Malalas. The epithet ALaKp evo'lfeos was
of Cyzicus, who was slain in a riot, and he was applied to one who rejected the authority of the
now exiled to Egypt, where he lived in the council of Chalcedon. Whether John of Aegae is
greatest misery, till after the death of Theodora the Joannes o PNTrwp, "the Rhetorician," cited by
he was allowed to return to Constantinople. Evagrius Scholasticus (H. E. i. 16, ii. 12, iii. 10,
There he led the life of a mendicant monk, and &c.), is doubtful. Le Quien (Opera S. Joannis
died in obscurity. [JUsTINIANUS, 1.] (Procop. Damasceni, vol. i. p. 368, note) identifies them,
Bell. Pers. i. 24, 25, ii. 30, Bell. Vand. i. 13, but Fabricius thinks they were different personsi
Anecdot. c. 2, 17, 22; Theophanes, p. 160, ed. [See below, No. 105.]
Paris.)- [W. P.] The period at which John of Aegae lived is not
JOANNES ('Icedvzqs), Literary and Ecclesias- determined: Vossius places him under Zeno; Cave'tical. The index to the Bibliotheca Graeca of thinks he was later. (Photius, Bibl. cod. 41, 55;
Fabricius contains a list of about two hundred Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. vii. p.419; Cave, Hist. Lit.
persons by whom this name was borne; and vol. i. p. 456, ed. Oxford, 1740-43.)
many more are recorded by the Byzantine histori- 3. AEGYPTIUS, or of EGYPT (1). A Christian
ans, or noticed in the Bibliotheca Orientcalis of As- martyr, who suffered in Palestine in the persecution
semani, the listoria Litteraria of Cave, and the ca- generally known as that of Diocletian. Eusebius
talogues of MSS. by Montfaucon and others. Many speaks of him as the most illustrious of the sufferers
of these persons are too obscure to require notice in Palestine, and. especially worthy of admiration
here, and information respecting them must be for his philosophic (i. e. ascetic) life and conversasought in the works above mentioned: others are tion, and for the wonderful strength of his memory.
better known by their surnames, as Joannes Chry- He suffered the loss of his eyesight, either in the
sostomus, Joannes Damascenus, Joannes Xiphilinus, earlier part of Diocletian's persecution, or at some
and Joannes Zonaras, and are given elsewhere. earlier period; but afterwards acted as Ana-'[CHRYSOSTOMUS, DAMASCENUS, &c.] The re- gnostes or reader in the church, supplying the want
mainder we give here, with the references to those of sight by his extraordinary power of memory.
who are treated of under their surnames:- He could recite correctly, as Ensebius testifies from
1. ACTUARIUS. [ACTUARIUS.] personal observation, whole books of Scripture,
2.' AEGEATES (O Aityedrhs), a presbyter of whether from the prophets, the gospels, or the apoAegae (Aiyai), apparently the town so called in stolic epistles. In the seventh year of the perseCilicia, between Mopsuestia and Issus. Photius cution (A. D. 310) he was treated with great cruelty
calls him (cod. 55) a Nestorian; but Fnbricius, -one foot was burnt off, and fire was applied to his
with reason, supposes that this is a slip of the pen, sightless eyeballs, for the mere purpose of torture.
and that he was an Eutychian. He wrote, 1.'EK- As he was unable to undergo the toil of the mines
KI1\A1osaaTv1Ki 0-Tropia, Historia Ecclesiastica, in ten or the public works, he and several others (among
books. Photius had read five of these, which whom was Silvanus of Gaza), whom age or infircontained the history of the church from the de- mity had disabled from labour, were confined in a
position of Nestorius at the council of Ephesus, (the place by themselves. In the eighth year of the
third general council, A. D. 431,) to the deposition persecution, A. D. 311, the whole party, thirtyof Petrus Fullo (A. D. 477), who had usurped the nine in number, were decapitated in one day, by
see of Antioch, in the reign of the emperor Zeno. order of Maximin Daza, who then governed the
As the council of Ephesus is the point at which the Eastern' provinces. (Euseb. de Martyrib. Palaesecclesiastical history of Socrates leaves off, it is tinae, sometimes subjoined to the eighth book of
probable that the history of John of Aegne com- his Hist. Eccles. c. 13.)
menced, like that of Evagrius [EVAGRIUS, NO. 3], 4. AEGIPTIUS (2). [See No. 16.]
at that point, and consequently that the five books 5. AEGYPTIUS (3). A monk of the Thebaid,
which had been read by Photius were the first five. celebrated for his supposed power of foretelling
Photius describes his style asperspicuous and florid; future events. The emperor Theodosius the Great,
and says that he was a great admirer of Dioscorus of when preparing for his expedition against Eugenius
Alexandria, the successor of Cyril, and extolled the (A. D. 393 or 394), sent the eunuch Eutropius to
synod of Ephesus (A. D. 449), generally branded fetch Joannes to court, that the emperor might
with the epithet X ApvrptK4, " the synod of rob- learn Ifrom him what would be the result of the
bers" [FLAVIANUS, No. 3], while he attacked the expedition. Joannes refused to go with the eu-council of Chalcedon. To how late a period the nuch;. but sent word to the emperor that he would
historycame down cannot be determined; if known, gain the victory, but would soon after die in Italy.