A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

556 IASUS. JA:VOLENUS.
*2. Of Nysa, a Stoic philosopher, son bf Mene- 8. The father of Amphion, and king of the Mix
crates, and, on the mother's side, grandson of Posi- nyans. (Horn. Od. xi. 282; Paus. ix. 36, in fin.)
donius, of whom also he was. the disciple and 9. A son of Sphelus, the commander of the
successor. He therefore flourished after the middle Athenians in the Trojan war, was slain by Aeneias.
of the first century B. C. (Clinton, Pasti, vol. iii. s. a. (Hom. II. xv. 332, &c.)
51, B. c.) Suidas (s; v.) mentions his works BIoL 10. The father of Dmetor, king of Cyprus.
evdwcov and ILAoToapwv &laaoXaf, and adds that (Homr. Od. xvii. 443.) [L. S.]
some ascribed to him a Bios'EAAdaos, in four IATROCLES ('IarpocAis), a Greek writer on
books, which, however, as well as the work Isepl cookery, of uncertain age and country. Athenaeus'Po'ov, should perhaps be assigned to Jason of quotes from two of his works, namely, Ap7oArgos. 7rotiY'ds and Ilepl rIlkaKaoJ,t7, unless indeed these
3. Of Argos, an historian, who was, according to are merely different titles of one and the same
Suidas, younger than Plutarch. He therefore work. (Athen. vii. p. 326, e., xiv. p. 646, a., p.
lived under Hadrian. He wrote a work on Greece 647, b.)
in four books, containing the early history (dpXaio- JAVOLE'NUS PRISCUS or PRISCUS JAAo-yfa) of Greece, and the history from the Per- VOLE'NUS, an eminent Roman jurist. His name
sian wars to the death of Alexander and the taking occurs in both forms; Pomponius calls him first
of Athens by Antipater, the father of Cassander. Priscus Javolenus, and afterwards Javolenus PrisHis book IHepl Kvf8ov (Schol. ad Theocrit. xvii. 69), cus. (Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 2. ~ ult.) Pliny adopts the
and that rlepl'Poov (see above), seem to have been latter form (Ep. vi. 15). Javolenus was a pupil of
parts of this work, and so was probably the book Caelius Sabinus, and a leader of the Sabinian school
l-Ip!'WTC,'AAfedv~pov Depocr. (Ath. xiv. p. 620, d; during a period when Celsus the: father, Celsus the
comp. Steph. Byz. s. vv.'Aketavspesa, ThiAos; Vos- son, and Neratius Priscus, led the opposite school,
sius, de Hist. Graec., p. 264, ed. Westermann; as successors of Pegasus. He was the teacher of
Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. p. 370.) Suidas also Aburnus Valens, Tuscianus, and Julianus. It apcalls him a grammarian; and a grammarian Jason is pears from a fragment of Julianus (Dig. 40. tit. 2.
quotedinthe Etymologicum Magnum (p. 184, 27). s. 5), that Javolenus was a praetor and proconsul
4. Of Byzantium, only known by a single re- in Syria. According to a passage of Capitolinus
ference in Plutarch (de Fluv. 11), where the title (Ant. Pius, 12), he was one of the council of Anof his work, instead of TpaylKd, should probably toninus Pius. Some of his biographers think that
be OpqKLICa. (Jonsius, Script. Hist. Philos. iii. if he were alive in the reign of Antoninus, he must
2, 2.) [P. S.] have been too old to hold such a post; hence they
IASO'NIA ('Iaaovia), a surname of Athena at question the authority of Capitolinus, and, moreCyzicus. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 960; comp. Miller, over, the passage referred to is probably interpoOrchom. p. 282, 2d edit.) [L. S.] lated and corrupt. But there is no pressing imIASUS (vIacos), the name of a considerable probability in the statement, if the reading be
number of mythical personages, which is some- genuine; for if, as appears to be likely, Javolenus
times written Iasius, and is etymologically the was born about the commencement of the reign of
same as Iason and Iasion, though the latter is more Vespasian (A. D. 79), he might well be an imperial
especially used for the same persons as Iasius. councillor between the age of sixty and seventy.
Five persons of the name of lasus occur in the Pliny relates from hearsay an anecdote of Javolelegends of Argos, viz.: — nus, which has given rise to much discussion (Ep.
1. A son of Phoroneus, and brother of Pelasgus vi. 15). Passienus Paulus, a noble eques and
and Agenor, or Arestor. (Eustath. ad Hom. writer of verses, invited Javolenus to a recitation.
p. 385.) Paulus began by saying "Prisce jubes," but we
2. A son of Argus and Evadne, a daughter of are not told whether these were the first words of
Strymon, or, according to a scholiast (ad Eurip. his poem, or a polite form of asking leave to com-;Phoen. 1151), a son of Peitho, the father of mence. Javolenus, however, replied, "Ego vero
Agenor, and father of Argus Panoptes. (Apollod. non jubeo." This mal-apropos expression -occaii. 1. ~ 2.) sioned much laughter among the party, but was
3. A son of Argus Panoptes and Ismene, the chilling to the host. Whether it was uttered by'daughter of Asopus, and the father of Io. (Apollod. Javolenus in a fit of mental absence, or by way of'ii. 1. ~ 3.) awkward joke, or as a blunt expression of impa4. A son of Io. (Eustath. ad Hom. p.l 185.) tience, under an infliction which more than once
5. A son of Triopas, grandson of Phorbas, and roused the indignation of Juvenal, does not ap-'brother of Agenor. This person is in reality the pear. Pliny sets down Javolenus as a madman,
same as No. 3, with only a different pedigree as- but this imputation is probably to be construed in
signed to him. (Paus. ii. 16. ~ 1; Hornm. Od. xviii. a loose sense. Even if the rude saying of Javole246; Eustath. ad Hornm. p. 1465.) nus was occasioned, as some think, by actual tem6. An Arcadian, a son of Lycurgus and Cleo- porary mental aberration, brought on by overwork,
phile or Eurynome, a brother of Ancaeus and Am- his madness was not' of such a kind as to prevent
phidamas, and the husband of Clymene, the daughter him from attending to the ordinary duties of his'of Minyas, by whom he became the father of Ata- profession (Plin. I. c.) Some writers, in order to
]ante. (Apollod. iii. 9. ~ 2.) Hyginus (Fab. 70, save the credit of the jurist of the Digest, have'99) calls him Iasius, and Aelian ( V. H. xiii. 1) absurdly imagined a second mad jurist of the same
and Pausanias (v. 7.'~ 4, 14. ~ 5) lasion. At the name. Others, as absurdly, have imagined that
first Olympian games which Heracles celebrated, the insanity of Javolenus is to be'detected in two
Iasus won the prize in the horse-race, and a statue passages of the Digest (Dig. 35. tit. 1. s. 55, Dig.
of him stood at Tegea. (Paus. v. 8. ~ 1, viii. 4.) 17. tit. ]. s. 52), from the badness of their reason-: 7. A son of Eleuther, and father of Chaeresileus. ing. In the former passage, Javolenus compares
(Paus. ix. 20. ~ 2.) the bequest of a legacy to an incapable person to a