A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

552 IASION. JASON.
strenae. The sacrifices offered to Janus consisted cording to some, a son of Zeus and Electra, the
of cakes (called janual), barley, incense, and wine. daughter of Atlas, and a brother of Dardamns
(Ov. Fast. i. 75, 128, 172; Festus, s. v. janual; (Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 1; Serv. ad Aen. i. 384; Hes.
L. Lydus, de Mens. iv. 2; Buttmann, Ueber den Theog. 970; Ov. Amor. iii. 10, 25); but others
iJanes, in his Afythologus, vol. ii. pp. 70-92; Har- called him a son of Corythus and Electra, of Zeus
tung, Die Relig. d. Rim. vol. ii. p. 218, &c.) [L. S.] and the nymph Hemera, or of Ilithyius, or of
IA'PETUS ('Ia7reTos), a son of Uranus and Ge, Minos and the nymph Pyronia. (Schol. ad Tlweoa Titan and brother of Cronus, Oceanus, Coeus, crit. iii. 30; Serv. ad Aen. iii. 167; Eustath. ad
HIyperion, Tethys, Rhea, &c. (Apollod. i. 1. ~ 3; Hom. p. 1528; Hygin. Fab. 270.) At the wedD)iod. v. 66.) According to Apollodorus (i. 2. ~ 3) ding of his sister Harmonia, Demeter fell in love
he married Asia, the daughter of his brother Oce- with him, and in a thrice-ploughed field (rpi7roAos)
anus, and became by her the father of Atlas, Pro- she became by him the mother of Pluton or Plumetheus, Epimetheus, and Menoetius, who was tus in Crete, in consequence of which Zeus killed
slain by Zeus in the war against the Titans, and him with a flash of lightning. (Hom. Od. v.
shut up in Tartarus. Other traditions call the wife 125, &c.; les. Thieog. 969, &c.; Apollod. 1. c.;
of Iapetus Clymene, who was likewise a daughter Diod. v. 49, 77; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 29; Conon,
of Oceanus, and others again Tethys, Asopis, or Narrat. 21.) According to Servius (ad Aen. iii.
Libya. (Hes. Thzeog. 507, &c.; Tzetz. ad Lycoplh. 167), Iasion was slain by Dardanus, and ac1277; Orph. Fragm. viii. 21, &c.; Virg. Georg. i. cording to Hyginus (Fab. 250) he was killed by
279.) lHyginus, who confounds the Titans and his own horses, whereas others represent him as
Gigantes, makes Iapetus a Giant, and calls him a living to an advanced age as the husband of Deson of Tartarus. According to Homer (II. viii. meter. (Ov. Met. ix. 421, &c.) In some tra479) Iapetus is imprisoned with Cronus in Tar- ditions Eetion is mentioned as the only brother of
tarus, and Silius Italicus (xii. 148, &c.) relates Dardanus (Schol. ad Apollon. Rh/od. i. 916; Tzetz.
that he is buried under the -island of Inarime. ad Lycoph. 219), whence some critics have inferred
Being the father of Prometheus, he was regarded that Iasion and Eetion are only two names for the
by the Greeks as the ancestor of the human race. same person. A further tradition states that IaHis descendants, Prometheus, Atlas, and others, sion and Dardanus, being driven from their home
are often designated by the patronymic forms la- by a flood, went from Italy, Crete, or Arcadia, to
petidae (es), lapetionidae (es), and the feminine Samothrace, whither he carried the Palladium, and
Iapetionis. (Hes. Theog. 528; Ov. lIfet. iv. 631; where Zeus himself instructed him in the mysteries
Pind. 01. ix..59; comp. Voelcker, Mytholog. des of Demeter. (Serv. ad Aen. iii. 15, 167, vii. 207;
Japetisc/ien Geschlechtes, p. 4, &c.) Another my- Dionys. i. 61; Diod. v. 48; Strab. vii. p. 331;
thical personage of the same name, the father of Conon, 1. c.; Steph. Byz. s. v. Adpaavor.) AccordBuphagus, is mentioned by Pausanias (viii. 27. ing to Eustathius (ad Hoes. p. 1528), Iasion, being
~ 11). [L. S.] inspired by Demeter and Cora, travelled about in
IAPIS, or, as Heinsius proposes to read, Iapyx, Sicily and many other countries, and every where
was a son of Iasus, and a favourite of Apollo, who taught the people the mysteries of Demeter.
wanted to confer upon him the gift of prophecy, (Miiller, Orclhom. pp. 140, 260, 452; Voelcker,
the lyre, &c.; but Iapis, wishing to prolong the MJythol. des Japet. CGeschlechtes, p. 94.) [L. S.]
life of his father, preferred the more tranquil art of IA SIUS. [IASION.]
healing to all the others. He also cured Aeneas of IASO ('IambS), i. e. Recovery, a daughter of Asthe wound he had received in the war against La- clepius or Amphiaraus, and sister of Hygieia, was
tinus. (Virg. Aen. xii. 391, with Heyne's Ex- worshipped as the goddess of recovery; and in the
cursus iv. on Aen. xii.) [L. S.] temple of Amphiaraus at Oropus a part of the altar
IAPYX ('Iae'rv), a son of Lycaon and brother was dedicated to her, in common with Aphrodite,
of Daunius and Peucetins, who went as leaders of Panaceia, lIygieia, and Athena Paeonia. (Paus.
a corony to Italy. (Anton. Lib. 31.) According to i. 34. ~ 2; Aristoph. Plut. 701, with the Schol.;
others, Iapyx was a Cretan, and a brother of Ica- Hesych. s. v.) [L. S.]
dius (Serv. ad Aen. iii. 332), or a son of Daedalus JASON ('Idacw), i. e. the healer or atoner, a
and a Cretan woman, from whom the Cretans who name which the hero was said to have.received
migrated to Italy derived the name of Iapyges. from Cheiron, his instructor, having before been
(Strab. vi. pp. 279, 282; Athen. xii. p. 523; Herod. called Diomedes. (Pind. Pyth. iv. 221, with the
yii. 170; Heyne, ad Virg. Aen. xi. 247.) [L. S.] Schol.) The chief exploits of this hero are related
IARBAS, a king and priest of the Gaetulians, in the article ARGONAUTAE, and we therefore conin Northern Africa, and a son of Jupiter Ammon fine ourselves now to his personal history. Accordby a Libyan nymph. He built many magnificent ing to the common tradition, he was a son of Aeson
temples to his father, and desired to marry Dido and Polymede, and belonged to the family of the
on her arrival in Africa. He was so pressing in Aeolidae at Iolcus. The name of his mother, howdemanding the hand of Dido, that the queen, who ever, is different in the different writers, either Polywould not marry him, according to some traditions, mele (Schol. ad Horn. Od. xii. 70), Amphinome
saw no other way of escape except by self-destruc- (Diod. iv. 50), Alcimede (Apollon. Rhod. i. 232),
tion. (Virg.Aen, iv. 196, &c,; Ov. Heroid. vii. Polypheme (Schol adApolion. Rhod. i. 45),Arne or
125; Auson. Epigr. 118; Justin,xviii. 6.) [L. S.] Scarphe (Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 872), or Rhoeo (Tzetz.
IA'RDANES ('Iapsdvrs), a king of Lydia, and Clil. vii. 980). After the death of Cretheus, the
father of Omphale, who is hence called nympha founder of Iolcus and father of Aeson, Pelias, the
Iardanis. (Apollod. ii. 6, ~.3; Ov. Heroid. ix. nephew, or, according to others, a brother of Jason,
103.) Herodotus (i. 7) calls the I/eracleidae in ruled at Iolcus. Pelias was told by an oracle that
Lydia descendants of Heracles and a female slave he should be killed by a descendant of Aeolus, and
of Iardanus. [L. S.] therefore put to death all the Aeolidaec; but Jason,
JASION ('Iaerwi-), also called Iasius, was, ac- whose grandfather, Cretheus, had been the eldest