A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

HYPATIUS. HIYPERBATAS. 537
in order to be propitiated.(Serv. 1. c.); and some who held that office conjointly), in A. D. 382 and
related that at* the wedding of Dionysus'and 383. He was a correspondent of Gregory Nazianzen
Ariadne he sang the bridal hymn, but lost his voice. (Epist. 192, or in Caillau's edit. 96), and is men(Serv: 1. c.; comp. Scriptor. Rerunt Mythic. pp. 26, tioned with high praise by Ammianus, with whom'148, 229; Ov. M[et. ii. 683, who makes him a son he appears to have been on terms of friendship.
of Argus and Perimele; Terent. Adelph. v. 7, 8.) (Amm. Marc. xviii. 1, xxi.,6, xxix. 2; Greg. NaAccording to the Orphic legends, the deceased zianz. Opera, vol. ii. p. 81, ed. Paris, 1840; Cod.
Hymenaeus was called to life again by Asclepius. Theodos. 11. tit. 16. ~ 13, 15. tit. 36. ~ 26; 12. tit.
(Apollod. iii. 10. ~ 3.) He is represented in works 1. ~ 99, 100, et alibi; Gothofred, Prosop. Cod. Theod.
of art as a youth, but taller and with a more serious Ducange, Famil. Byzanf. p. 48; Tillemont, Hist. des
expression than Eros, and carrying in his hand Emp. vol. iv. pp..380, 437, v. pp. 108, 168, 720.)
a bridal torch. (Hirt, Mythol. Bilderb. ii. p. Some otherHypatii are mentioned in theTheodosian
224.) [L. S.] code, but they do not require notice. [J. C. M.]
HY'MNTA ('Cruva), a surname of Artenmis, HYPATODO'RUS ('CTrar5wpos), a statuary
inder which she was worshipped throughout Ar- of Thebes (Biiekh, Corp. Inscript. No. 25), who
cadia. She had a temple between Orchomenus flourished, with Polycles I., Cephisodotus I., and
and Mantineia, and her priestess was at first always Leochares, in the 102d Olympiad, B. c. 372.
a virgin, till after the time of Aristocrates it was (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 8. s. 19.) He made, with Arisdecreed that she should be a married woman. togeiton, the statues of the Argive chieftains who
(Pans. viii. 5. ~ 8, 12. ~ 3, 13. ~~ 1, 4.) [L. S.] fought with Polyneices against Thebes. (Pans. x.
HYPA'TIA ('T7raria),'a lady of Alexandria, 10. ~ 2; comp. AaISTOGEITON.) He also made
daughter of Theon, by whom she was instructed in the great statue of Athena at Aliphera in Arcadia
philosophy and mathematics. She soon made such (Paus. viii. 26. ~ 4), which is also mentioned by
immense progress in these branches of knowledge, Polybius (iv. 78. ~ 5), who calls it the work of
that she is said to have presided over the Neopla- Hecatodorus and Sostratus, and describes it as trc
tonician school of Plotinus at Alexandria, where eyaAhoJuepera'Tdrwv ical rEXVLicwTcdTov ep-ywv. An
she expounded the principles of his system to a onyx has been found at Aliphera engraved with an
numerous auditory. She appears to have been Athena, which Miiller thinks may have been
most graceful, modest, and beautiful, but neverthe- taken after this statue. (Archaiol. d. Kunst, ~ 370,
less to have been a victim to slander and falsehood. n. 4.) [P. S.]
She was accused of too much familiarity with HY'PATUS (Tvraeros), the most high, occurs
-Orestes, prefect of Alexandria,. and the charge not only as an epithet of Zeus in poetry (Hom. I1.
spread among the clergy, who took up the notion viii. 31, xix. 258), but as a real surname of the
that she interrupted the friendship of Orestes with god. An altar of Zeus Hypatus existed at Athens
their archbishop, Cyril. In consequence of this, a in front of the Erechtheium; and it was not allowed
number of them, at whose head was a reader to offer up to him any thing alive or libations, but
named Peter, seized her in the street, and dragged only cakes. (Paus. i. 26. ~ 6, viii. 2. ~ 1.) Zeus
her from her chariot into' one of the churches, where Hypatus was also worshipped at Sparta (iii. 17. ~ 3),
they stripped her and tore her to pieces. Theo- and near Glisas in Boeotia. (ix. 19. ~ 3.) [L. S.]
doret accuses Cyril of sanctioning this proceeding; HYPEI'ROCHUS ('T7rerpoxos), the name of
but Cave (Script. Eccl. Hist. Lit. vol. i.) holds this two mythical personages, one a son of Priam, was
to be incredible, though on no grounds except his killed by Odysseus (Hom. I1. xi. 335; Apollod.
own opinion of Cyril's general character. Philo- iii. 12. ~ b), the other the father of Itymoneus,
storgius, the Arian historian, urges her death as a who is hence called Hypeirochides. (Hom. II. xi.
charge against the Homoousians. Synesiusvalued 672, &c.) [L. S.]
her greatly, and addressed to her several letters, HYPERANTHES. [ABROCOMES.]
inscribed r 4ptXoaoJ(pq, in one of which he calls her HYPERA'SIUS ('Tr'epdolos), a son of Pelles
mother, sister, mistress, and benefactress. Suidas and the husband of Hypso, by whom he became
says that she married Isidorus, and wrote some the father of Amphion and Asterius, or Deucalion,
works on astronomy and other subjects. In Ste- the Argonauts. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 176, &c.; Val;
phanus Baluzius (Concil. i. p. 216) an epistle is Flacc. i. 367.) [L. S]
extant professing to be Hypatia's addressed to HYPE'RBATAS, or HYPE'RBATUS ('TrepCyril, in which she advocates the cause of Nesto- gaTas, Plut.;'T7r4pfaos, Polyb.). 1. General
rius, and regrets his banishment; but this must be of the Achaean league in B. c. 224, during the
spurious, if it be true, as Socrates asserts that she war with Cleomenes. It was under his nominal
was killed A. D. 415, for' Nestorius was not ban- command, though the real direction of affairs was
ished till A. D. 436. (Socrat. vii. 15; Niceph. xiv. 16; in the hands of Aratus, that the Achaeans met
Menage, Hist. Mulierum Philosoph. 49; Suidas,' with the decisive defeat at Hecatomboeon. (Plut.
s. v.; J. Ch. Wernsdorf, Dissertat. Acad. IV. de Cleom. 14.)
Hypatia, Viteberg. 1747.) [G. E. L. C.]. 2. General of the Achaeans in B. c. 179. The
HYPA'T[US, brother of Eusebia, wife of the Romans having sent to require of -the league the
emperor Constantius IT. His father had been recal of all the Lacedaemonian exiles without disconsul, but he cannot be identified by name. Hy- tinction, Hyperbatus held an assembly, in which
patius was consul A. D. 359, and his brother Euse- lie urged, in opposition to Lycortas, the necessity
bius was his colleague. Both were put to the tor- of compliance with this request (Polyb. xxvi. 1.)
ture, fined, and banished, by Valens, A. D. 374, on a On this occasion he took the same side with Callicharge of aspiring to the empire; but the charge crates, and we find him again, in B. c. 168, uniting
was found to be destitute of proof, and they were with that unworthy statesman against the proposal
soon honourably recalled. Hypatius was praefectus of Lycortas and his party, to send assistance to
urbi (at Rome) A. D. 379; and praefectus praetorio the two Ptolemies in their war against Antiochus
appalretly in Italy (or rather, he was one of several Epiphancs. (Id.'xxix. 8.) [E. H B.]