A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

530 - HOSTILIA. OSTILIUS.
It is uncertain to what Hosidius Geta the annexed her second husband, in order that her son by the
coin refers. [W. B. D] first marriage might succeed him in the consulship.
(Liv. xl. 37.) [W. B. D.]
HOSTI'LIA GENS came originally from Medullia, and was probably transported thence to
Rome by Romulus. (Dionys. iii. 1.) It is uncertain
whether the Hostilia gens under the republic traced
their descent from this source; but two coins of
L. Hostilius Saserna, bearing the heads of Pallor
and Pavor, indicate such an origin, since Tullus,COIN OF HOSIOUS GETA. Hostilius, in his war with Veil and Fidenae, vowed
HOSI'DIUS GETA, the poet. [GETA.] temples to Paleness and Panic. (Liv. i. 27; LacHOSPITA'LIS, the guardian or protector of the tant. i. 20; Augustin. de Civ. Dei, iv. 15, 23, vi.
law of hospitality. We find the title of dii hiospi- 10.) The Hostilia gens had the surnames CATO,
tales as applied to a distinct class of gods, though IRMINUS (see below), MANCINUS, RUTILUS, SA
their names are not mentioned. (Tacit. Ann. xv. SERNA, and TUuLUs. [w. B. D.]
b2; Liv. xxxix. 51; Ov. Met. v. 45.) But the HOSTI'LIUS. 1. HOSTUS HOSTILIUS, of Megreat protector of hospitality was Jupiter, at Rome ddullia, was the first of the Hostilian name at Rome.
called Jupiter hospitalis, and by the Greeks Zesc He married the Sabine matron Hersilia [HERSILIA],
Sesvo0s. (Serv. ad Aen. i. 140; Cic. ad Q. frat. ii. by whom he had a son, the father of Tullus Hosti12; Hom. Od. xiv. 389.)'[L. S.] lius, third king of Rome. In the war that sprung
HIOSTILIA'NUS. Certain coins, belonging to from the rape of the Sabine women, Hostilius was
the reign of Decius, bear upon the obverse a repre- the champion of Rome, and fell in battle. (Liv. i.
sentation of the emperor and his wife Etruscilla, 12 Dionys. iii. 1. Macrob. Sat. i. 6.)
with the legend CONCORDIA AUGUSTORUM, while 2. TULLUS HOSTILIUS, grandson of the prethe reverse exhibits the portraits of two youths, ceding, was the third king of Rome. Thirty-two
with the words PIETAS AUGUSTORUM. One of years-from about B. c. 6.70 to 638-were assigned
these individuals is unquestionably Herennius by the annalists to his reign. According to the
Etruscus [ETRUSCuS], and other medals taken in legends, his history ran as follows: —Hostilius
connection with inscriptions prove that the second departed from the peaceful ways of Numa, and
must be C. Valens Hostilianus Messius Quintus, to aspired to the martial renown of Romulus. He
which Victor adds Perpenna, who after the defeat made Alba acknowledge Rome's supremacy in the
and death of Decius and Etruscus (A. D. 251) war wherein the three Roman brothers, the Ho[DEuCIus] was associated in the purple with Tre- ratii, fought with the three Alban brothers, the
bonianus Gallus, and died soon afterwards, either Cnriatii, at the Fossa Cluilia. Next he wvarred
of the plague at that time ravaging the empire, or with Fidenae and with Veil, and being straitly
by the treachery of his colleague. So obscure and psed by their joint hosts, he vowed temples to
contradictory, however, are the records of this Pallor and Pavor-Pleness and Panic. Andpafter
period, that historians have been unable to deter- the fight was won, he tore asunder with chariots
mine whether this:Hostilianus was the son, the Mettius Fufetius, the king or dictator of Alba, beson-in-law, or the nephew of Decius. A view of cause he had desired to betray Rome; and he
the different arguments will be found in the works utterly destroyed Alba, sparing only the temples of
of Tillemont and Eckhel, but the question seems the gods, and bringing the Alban people to Rome
to be in a great measure decided by the testimony where he gave them the Caelian hill to dwell on.
of Zosimus, who distinctly states that Decius had Then he turned himself to war with the Sabines,
a son, whom he does not name, in addition to who, he said, had wronged the Roman merchants
Etruscus, and that this son was assumed by Tre- at tie temple of Feronia, at the foot of Mount
bonianus as his partner in the imperial dignity. Soracte; and being again straitened in fight in a
We must not omit to notice, at the same time, wood called the Wicked Wood, he vowed a yearly
that a reign of two years is assigned to a Hostili- festival to Saturn and Ops, and to double the number
anus, placed by Cedrenus (p. 451, ed. Bonn) im-of the Salii, or priests of Mamers. And when, by
mediately before Philip. their help, he had vanquished the Sabines, he per(Victor, de Caes. 30, Epit. 30; Eutrop. ix. 5; formed his vow, and its records were the feasts
Zosim. i. 25; Zonar. vol. i. p. 625, ed. Par. 1687; Saturnalia and Opalia. But while Hostilius thus
Tillemont, Histoire des Emnpereurs, vol. iii.; Eck- warred with the nations northward and eastward
hel, vol. vii. p. 350.) LW. R.] of the city, he leagued himself with the Latins and
with the Hernicans, so that while he was besieging
SOz%9l S /Veii, the men of Tusculum and of Anagnia encamped on the Esquiline hill, and kept guard over
* 9 2 By, ~UW fctz t u PRome, where the city was most open. Yet, in his
\tb9X c9"a ~I- S S old days, Hostilius grew weary of warring; and
-\~9%E s when a pestilence struck him and his people, and a
* \~O % 4>v2shower of burning stones fell from heaven on Mount
Alba, and a voice as of the Alban gods came forth
from the solitary temple of Jupiter on its summit,
COIN OF HOSTILIANUS. he remembered the peaceful and happy days of
HOSTI'LIA QUARTA, was married first to Numa, and sought to win the favour of the gods, as
Cn. Fulvius Flaccus, by whom she had a son. Q. Nnma had done, by prayer and divination. But
Fulvius Flaccus [FLACCUs, Q. FULVivs, No. 9], the gods heeded neither his prayers nor his charms,
and secondly, to C. Calpurnius Piso, consul in B.c. and when he would inquire of Jupiter Elicius,
180. She was accused and convicted of poisoning Jupiter was wroth, and smote Hostilius and his