A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

EPISTHENES. EPOREDORIX. 41.
some to renounce their connexion with the bishop Cuniaxa, and is mentioned byXenophon as an able
of Jerusalem. After this he allowed his zeal to officer. His name occurs again in the march of
get the better of all considerations of church the Greeks through Armenia. (Xen. Anab. i. 10.
order and decency, to such an extent, that he ac- ~ 7, iv. 6. ~ 1.) [E. E.]
tually ordained Paullinianus to the office of pres- EPI'STROPHUS ('Erio-rpopoos), three mythibyter, that he might perform the ministerial func- cal personages of this name are mentioned in the
tions for the monks (who, as usual at that time, Iliad. (ii. 516, &c., 692, 856.) [L. S.]
were laymen), and so prevent them from applying EPITADAS ('EcrIdras), son of Molobrus, was
to Jerusalem to supply: this want. John naturally the commander of the 420 Lacedaemonians who
protested loudly against this interference with his were blockaded in the island of Sphacteria in the
diocese, and appealed for help to the two patri- 7th year of the Peloponnesian war, B. c. 425. He
archal sees of Alexandria and Rome. Peace was appears to have executed his difficult task with
not restored to the Church for some time. The prudence and ability, and was spared by death in
next quarrel in which Epiphanius was involved the final combat the disgrace of surrender. (Thuc.
was with Chrysostom. Some monks of Nitria iv. 8, 31, 38.) [A. H. C.]
had been expelled by Theophilus, bishop of Alex- EPITHERSES ('ErsOeporls), of Nicaea, a gramandria, as Origenists, but were received and pro- marian, who wrote on Attic comic and tragic words
tected at Constantinople [CHRYSOSTOMUS]. Upon (irepl Aleuwv'ATrTKCY tcat C KwoLKCv ical TpayLKcV;
this Theophilus persuaded Epiphanius, now almost Steph. Byz. s. v. NcKaLa; Erotian. s. v.YAjuc?$v, p. 88,
in his dotage, to summon a council of Cyprian who gives the name wrongly ~0pels). If he be
bishops, which he did A. D. 401. This assembly the same as the father of the rhetorician Aemilianus,
passed a sentence of condemnation on Origen's he must have lived under the Emperor Tiberius.
books, which was made known to Chrysostom (Plut. de Def. Orac. p. 419, b.) [P. S.]
by letter; and Epiphanius proceeded in person to EPOCILLUS ('ErotihAAos), a Macedonian, was
Constantinople, to take part in the pending dis- commissioned by Alexander, in B. c. 330, to conpute.- Chrysostom was irritated by Epiphanius duct as many of the Thessalian cavalry and of the
interfering in the government of his diocese; and other allied troops as wished, to return home, as
the latter, just before his return home, is reputed far as the sea-coast, where Menes was desired to
to have given vent to his bad feeling by the make arrangements for their passage to Euboea.
scandalous malediction, "I hope that you will In B. c. 328,-when Alexander was in winter
not die a bishop!" upon'which Chrysostom quarters at Nautaca, he sent Epocillus with Sopolis
replied,-" I hope you will never get home!" and Menidas to bring reinforcements from Mace(Sozomen. viii. 15.) For the credit of that really donia. (Arr. Anab. iii. 19, iv. 18.) [E. E.]
great and Christian man, it is to be hoped that EPO'NA ("I7rirwva), from epuDs (17rtros), that is,
the story is incorrect; and as both wishes were equus, was regarded as the protectress of horses.
granted, it bears strong marks of a tale invented Images' of her, either statues or paintings, were freafter the deaths of the two disputants. Epipha- quently seen in niches of stables. She was said
nius died on board the ship, which was conveying to be the daughter of Fulvius Stellus by a mare.
him back to Cyprus, A. D. 402, leaving us a me- (Juven. viii. 157; Plut. Parall. Gr. et Rom. p.
lancholy example of the unchristian excesses into 312; Hartung, Die Religion der Rimer, vol. ii.
which bigotry may hurry a man of real piety, 1I. 154.) [L. S.]
and a sincere desire to do God service. EPO'PEUS ('Erwcrev's), a son of Poseidon and
The extant works of Epiphanius are (1) An- Canace. He came from Thessaly to Sicyon, where
coratus, a discourse on the faith, being an exposi- he succeeded in the kingdom, as Corax died withtion of the doctrine of the Trinity; (2) Pana- out leaving any heir to his throne. He carried
rium, a discourse against Heresies, of which lie away from Thebes the beautiful Antiope, the
attacks no less than eighty; (3) An epitome of daughter of Nycteus, who therefore made war
2, called Anaceplzalaeosis; (4) De Ponderibus et upon Epopeus. The two hostile kings died of the
Mensuiris liber; (5) Two Epistles; the first to John wounds which they received in the war; but prebishop of Jerusalem, translated by Jerome into vious to his death Epopeus dedicated a temple to
Latin; the second to Jerome himself, in whose Athena. (Paus. ii. 6. ~ 1; Apollod. i. 7. ~ 4.) A
works they are both found. A great number of different tradition' about Epopeus is related under
Epiphanius's writings are lost. The earliest edi- AMPHION, No. 1. Pausanias (ii. 1. ~ 1) calls him
tions were at Basle, in Latin, translated by Cor- a son of Aloeus, whereas he is commonly described
narius, 1543, and again in the following year as a brother of Aloeus. The temple of Athena
sumntu et typis Jo. Hervagii. The edition of Dio- which he had built at Sicyon was destroyed by
nysius Petavius, in Greek and Latin, appeared at lightning, but his tomb was preserved and shewn
Paris, 1622, 2 vols. fol., and at Leipzig,' 1682j there to a very late period. (Paus. ii. 11. ~ 1.)
with a commentary by Valesius. (Sozomen. I. c.; Another mythical being of this name occurs in
Hieronym. Apol. 1. adv. Rufin. p. 222; Cave, Ovid. (Met. iii. 618, &c.)' -'' [L. S.]
Hist. Litt. vol. i.; Neander, Kirchengeschichte, vol. EPO'PSIUS ('EDro'4ios), that is, the superinii. p.1414, &c.) - - [G. E. L. C.] tendent, occurs as a surname of several gods, such
EPI'POLE ('ErnroXa), a daughter of Trachion, as Zeus (Apollon. Rhod. ii. 1124), Apollo (Hesych.
of Carystus in Euboea. In the disguise of a man s. v.; comp. Soph. Pliloct. 1040), and of Poseidon
she went with the Greeks against Troy; but when at Megalopolis. (Paus. viii. 30. ~ 1.) [L. S.]
Palamedes discovered her sex, she was stoned to EPORE'DORIX, a chieftain of the Aedui, was
death by the Greek army. (Ptolem.'Hephaest. 5.) one of the commanders of the Aeduan cavalry,
-Epipole was also a surname of Demeter at Lace- which, in compliance with Caesar's requisition,
daemon.' (Hesych. s. v.'Er7rrohhd.) [L. S.]' was sent to the' aid of the Romans against VercinEPI'STHENES ('E7r'aOde'vqs), of Anmphipolis, getorix, in B. c. 52. He also informed Caesar of
commanded the Greek:peltastae at the battle of the designs of Litavicus, who was endeavouring to