A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

IIPPOMENES. HIPPONAX. 493
made important c~rrections in the text, and most 8) calls the son of Hippomenes Megareus. (Comp.
or all the portions thus collected were reprinted by ATALANTE, No. 2.) [L. S.]
Fabricius in his edition of the Works of Hippolytus HIPPO'MENES ('IlrrouevIs). a descendant of
of Portus, partly in the appendix to the 1st vol. and Codrus, the fourth and last of the decennial arpartly in the 2d vol. Basnage, in his edition of chons. Incensed at the barbarous punishment
Canisius, made some farther additions, and the which he inflicted on his daughter and her parawhole, with one or two additional fragments, were mour, the Attic nobles rose against and deposed
given in the Bibliotl. Patrum of Gallandius, vol. him, razing his house to the ground. The archonxiv. p. 106, &c. ship after this was thrown open to the whole body
Two short pieces, rlepl Trv lfX'ArodJActwv and of nobles. (Heracl. Pont. de Pol. i.; Nicolaus
rIsTp TYv o''ArocrAwv, which some have ascribed Damasc. p. 42.) [C. P. M.]
to Hippolytus of Portus (No. 1), the first of which HIPPON ("Iirirwv), tyrant of Messana at the
had been published by Comb6fis in his Auctarium time that Timoleon landed in Sicily. After the
Novum, vol. ii. fol. Paris, and which are given by defeat of Mamercus of Catana (B. C. 338), that
Fabricius a mong the "' dubia ac supposititia," in his tyrant took refuge with Hippon; Timoleon followed
edition of Hippolytus, are also given by Gallandius him, and besieged Messana so vigorously both by
as the productions of Hippolytus of Thebes: and sea and land, that Hippon, despairing of holding
Fabricius,-in his Bibl. Gr. vol. vii. p. 200, considers out, attempted to escape by sea, but was seized on
them to be portions of his Clronicon. (Gallandius, board ship, and executed by the Messanians in the
Prolegom. to his 14th volume, p. v.; Fabric. Bibl. public theatre. (Plut. Timol. 34.) [E. H. B.]
Graec. vol. viii. p. 198; Cave, Hist. Litt. vol. ii. p. HIPPON ("CIrvrwv), of Rhegium, a philosopher,
96, ed. Oxford, 1740-1743.) whom Aristotle (Metaphys. i. 3) considers as beSome other Hippolyti enumerated by Fabricins longing to the Ionian school, but thinks unworthy
(Bibl. Gr. vol. vii. p. 197, &c.) are too unimportant to be reckoned among its members, on account of
to require notice here. [J. C.-M.] the poverty of his. intellect. Fabricius (Bibl.
HIPPO'MEDON ('I7r7ro/sewr), a son of Aris- Graec. vol. ii. p. 658) considers him the same as
tomachus, or, according to Sophocles, of Talaus, Hippon of Metapontum, who is called a Pythawas one of the Seven against Thebes, where he was gorean, while some assign Samos as his birthplace.
slain during the siege by Hyperbius or Ismarus. He was accused of Atheism, and so got the sur(Aeschyl. Sept. 490; Soph. Oed. Col. 1318; Apol- name of the Melian, as agreeing in sentiment with
lod. iii. 6. ~ 3.) [L. S.] Diagoras. As his works have perished, we cannot
HIPPO'MEDON ('I1ro7 etewv), a Spartan, son judge of the truth of this accusation, which Brucker
of Agesilaus, the uncle of Agis IV. He must thinks may have arisen from his holding the theory
have been older than his cousin Agis, as he is said (easily deducible from the views of Pythagoras)
by Plutarch (Agis, 6) to have already distinguished that the gods were great men, who had been inhimself on many occasions in war when the young vested with immortality by the admiration and
king first began to engage *in his constitutional traditions of the vulgar. -He is said to have Written
reforms. Hippomedon entered warmly into the an epitaph to be placed on his own tomb after his
schemes of Agis, and was mainly instrumental in death, expressing his belief that he had become a
gaining over his father Agesilaus to their support. divinity. Some of his philosophical principles
But the latter sought in fact only his own advan- are preserved by Sextus Empiricus, Simplicius,
tage, under the cloak of patriotism; and during Clemens Alexandrinus, and others. He held water
the absence of Agis, on his expedition to Corinth and fire to be the principles of all things, the latter
to support Aratus, he gave so much dissatisfaction springing from the former, and then developing
by his administration at Sparta, that Leonidas was itself by generating the universe. He considered
recalled by the opposite party, and Agesilaus was nothing exempt from the necessity of ultimate decompelled to fly from the city. Hippomedon shared struction. (Brucker, Hist. Crit. Phil. i. 1103
in the exile of his father, though he had not par- Brandis, Gesch. d. Phil. i. 121.) [G. E. L. C.]
ticipated in his unpopularity. (Plut. Agis, 6, 16.) HIPPO'NAX ('I7rwrw'va). 1. Of Ephesus, the
At a subsequent period we find him mentioned as son of Pytheus and Protis, was, after Archilochus
holding the office for Ptolemy, king of Egypt, of and Simonides, the third of the classical Iambic
governor of the cities subject to that prince on the poets of Greece. (Suid. s. v.; Strabo, xiv. p. 642;
confines of Thrace. (Teles. ap. Stobaeum, Flor. vol. Clem. Alex. Strom. i. p. 308, d.; Prod. Chrestom.
ii. p. 82. ed. Gaisf.; comp. Niebuhr, KI. Schrift. p. ap. Phot. Cod. 239, p. 319, 29, ed. Bekker; Solin.
461; Schorn. Gesch. Griech. p. 100.) We learn from xl. 16.) He is ralked among the writers of the
Polybius (iv. 35. ~ 13) that he was still living at Ionic dialect. (Gram. Leid. ad calcem Gregor.
the death of Cleomenes. in B. C. 220, when the Cor. p. 629; comp. Tzetz. Proleg. ad Lycoph. 690.)
crown would have devolved of right either to him The exact date of Hipponax is not agreed upon,
or to one of his two grandchildren, the sons of Ar- but it can be fixed within certain limits. The
chidamus V., who had married a daughter of Hip- Parian marble (Ep. 43) makes him contemporary
pomedon; but -their claims were disregarded, and with the taking of Sardis by Cyrus (B.c. 546):
Lycurgus, a stranger to the royal family, was raised Pliny (xxxvi. 5. s. 4. ~ 2) places him at the 60th
to the throne. [E. H. B.] Olympiad, B. c. 540: Proclus (I. c.) says that he
HIPPO'MEDON ('I7r7ro'wsv8), a Pythagorean lived under Dareius (B. c. 521-485): Eusebius
philosopher, a native of Aegae. He belonged to (Chron. O1. 23), following an error already pointed
the sect called the dKovcraoa, founded by Hip- out by Plutarch. (de Mus. 6, vol. ii. p. 1133, c. d.),
pasus. (Iamblich. Vit. Pytlh. c. 18. ~ 87, 36. made him a contemporary of Terpander; and Di~ 267.) [C. P.M.] philus, the comic poet, was guilty of (or rather he
HIPPO'MENES ('I rroue'vsqs), a son of Mega- assumed as a poetic licence) the same anachronism
reus of Onchestus, and a great grandson of Posei- in representing both Archilochus and Hipponax as
don. (Ov. Met. x. 605.) Apollodorus (iii. 15. ~. the lovers of Sappho. (Athen. xiii. p. 599, d.)