A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

478' HIPPASUS. - HIPPIAS.
(Hist. of Greece, ch. xxix. sect. 5), as referring to panion of Heracles in the war against Oechalias
the time when Dionysius obtained the virtual so- was slain by Eurytus. (Apollod. ii. 7. ~ 7.)
vereignty under that title, in the spring of B. C. 3. A centaur, who was slain by Theseus, at the
405. It is more probable that it relates to the wedding of Peirithous. (Ov. Met. xii. 352.)
appointment of the ten generals in the preceding 4. A son of Leucippe. [ALCATHOE.]
year, and that Hipparinus, as well as Dionysius, 5. A son of Eurytus, was one of the Calydonian
was one of these. [DIONYSIUS, P. 1033, a.] We hunters. (Hygin. Fab. 173; Ov. Met. viii.
hear no more of him from this time, but from the 313.)
tyrant having married his daughter Aristomache, 6. A son of Priam. (Hyg. Fab. 90.) [L. S.]
as well as from, the position assumed by his son HI'PPASUS (bIrrcaor), a Lacedaemonian. who
Dion, it is clear that he must have continued to is mentioned by Diogenes Lai'rtius (viii. 84) as the
hold a high place in the favour of Dionysius as author of a work on the Lacedaemonian republic in
long as he lived. five books, from which a statement is quoted by
2. A son of Dion, and grandson of the preceding, Athenaeus (i. p. 14). The time at which he lived
who fell into the power of the younger Dionysius, is unknown. EL. S.]
together with the wife and sister of Dion, when HI'PPASUS ("DIrraaos), of Metapontum or
the latter quitted Sicily. He was still in the hands Croton (lamblich. Vit. Pyth, c. 18. ~~ 81, 88. c. 23.
of the tyrant when he was shut up and besieged ~ 104), is mentioned both by lamblichus and by
by Dion in the island citadel (B. c. 356), a circum- Diogenes Lairtius (viii. 84) among the elder Pystance of which Dionysius took advantage to en- thagoreans. Hippasus is said to have been the
deavour to open secret negotiations with his adver- founder of a school or sect of the Pythagoreans,
sary, but without effect. (Plut. Dion, 31.) While called the Acusmatici (diKovOrarLaKOL), in opposition
in the power of the tyrant, Hipparinus had been to the Mathematici. Aristotle (Metaph. i. 3) speaks
purposely accustomed by him to dissolute and lux- of Hippasus as holding the element of fire to be the
urious habits; of which Dion, as soon as he had be- cause of all things: and Sextus Empiricus (ad
come completely master of Syracuse, endeavoured Phys. i. 361) contrasts him with the Pythagoreans
to cure him by restraint and severity, but the boy, in this respect, that he believed the ipx'j to be maunable to endure the sudden change, threw himself terial, whereas they thought it was incorporeal,
from the roof of a house, and was killed on the. namely, number. A single sentence quoted by
spot. (Plut. Dion, 55; Corn.: Nep. Dion, 4, 6; Diogenes Lairtius as expressing one of his doctrines
Ael. V. H. iii. 4.) According to Timaeus (ap. seems to mean that he held all things to be in
Plut. 1. c.), his name was Aretaeus. motion and change, but according to a fixed law.
3. A son ofthe elder Dionysius by Aristo- (lamblich. Ibid. ~~ 81, 88; Villoison, Anecd. Grcec.
mache, daughterl No. 1, who succeeded Callippus ii. p. 216.) In consequence of his making known
in the government or tyranny' of Syracuse, B. C. the sphere, consisting of twelve pentagons, which
352. Accordingto Diodorus, he attacked the city was regarded by the Pythagoreans as a secret, he
with a fleet and army, and having defeated Cal- is said to have perished in the sea as an impious
lippus,. compelled him to fly from Syracuse, of man. According to one statement, Hippasus left
which he immediately took possession (Diod. xvi. no writings (Diog. Lairt. viii. 84), according to
36). The account given by Polyaenus is somewhat another he was the author of the Fvw-rLKOs Ao'os,
different: according to his version, Hipparinus was written to calumniate Pythagoras. (Id. viii. 7
at Leontini (at this time the head-quarters of the comp. Brandis, Gesc]. d. Griech. RMm.Philosopk. vol.
disaffected and exiled Syracusans), when he learnt i. p. 509, &c.) [C. E. P.]
that Callippus had quitted Syracuse with the great HIPPEUS ('IDrreds), a painter, whose picture
body of his forces on an expedition elsewhere, and at Athens of the marriage of PeirithoiUs is mencontrived to surprise the gates and make himself tioned by Polemon. (Athen.xi.p.474,d.) [P.S.]
master of the city before his return. (Polyaen. v. HI'PPIA and HI'PPIUS ('I7nr7ra and "I7rrios,
4.) This statement is also in part confirmed by or"'Irretos), in Latin Equester and Equestris, occur
Plutarch. (Dion, 58), who relates that Callippus as surnames of several divinities, as of Hera (Paus.
lost Syracuse while attempting to make himself v. 15. ~ 4); of Athena at Athens, Tegea and
master of Catana, though he does not mention Hip- Olympia (i. 30. ~ 4, 31. ~ 3, v. 15. ~ 4, viii. 47.
parinus. He held the supreme power for only two ~ 1); of Poseidon (vi. 20. ~ 8, i. 30. ~ 4; Liv. i.
years, during which he appears to have excited the 9); of Ares (Paus. v. 15. ~ 4); and at Rome also
contempt of his subjects by his drunkenness, as of Fortuna and Venus. (Liv. xl. 40, xlii. 3; Serv.
well as their hatred by his tyranny, and he fell a ad Aen. i. 724.) [L. S.]
victim to assassination. (Diod. xvi. 36; Theo- HI'PPIAS ('Irri'as), captain of a company of
pompus, ap. Athen. x. p. 436, a.; Ael. V. H. ii. Arcadian mercenaries in the service of Pissuthnes,
41.) [E. H. B.] is named by Thucydides in the story of the fifth
HIPPA'SIUS ('I7r7rdoro), a veterinary sur- year of the Peloponnesian' War, B. C. 427. A
geon, who may perhaps have lived in the fourth or faction of the Colophonians of Notium dependent
fifth century after Christ. He wrote some works, on Persian aid introduced him into a fortified
of which only a few fragments remain, which are quarter of the town; and here, after the surrender
to be found in the collection of writers on vete- of Mytilene, he was found and besieged by Paches,
rinary surgery, first published in a Latin version whose succour was demanded by the exiles of the
by Joannes Ruellius, Paris, 1530, fol., and after- other party. Paches, under a promise of a safe
wards in the original Greek, by Simon Grynaeus, return into the fortification if no terms should be
Basel, 1537, 4to. [W. A. G.] agreed on, drew Hippias out to a conference; reHI'PPASUS ("I'rraroos). 1. The father of tained him, while, by a sudden attack, the place
Actos the Argonaut. (Apollod. i. 9. ~ 16; Hygin. was carried; and satisfied the letter of his promise
Fab. 14.) by bringing him back into the fortress, and there
2. A son of Ceyx, king of Trachis, and the com- shooting him to death. (Thuc. iii, 34): [A. H. C.]