A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

476 HI PPARCHUS. HIPPARCHUS.
for his treachery with a purple robe and other HIPPARCHUS ('Ir7rapXor), literary 1. Art
ornaments of distinction, as well as with a sum of Athenian comic poet. Suidas (s. v.) assigns him
money. After this he returned to Africa, but we to the old comedy; but from what he adds, that
do not learn that he was able to render any im- " his dramas were about marriages," and from the
portant services to the Romans in their subsequent extant titles of his plays, namely,'Avaawo'uevoL,
operations. (Appian, Pun. 97, 100, 104, 107, 109; CnavvvXis, Oafs, and Zoypcd(pos, it is evident that
Zonar. ix. 27; Eutrop. iv. 10.) [E. H. B.] Hipparchus belonged to the new comedy. He was
HIOSTUS, a Sardinian, son of Hampsicora. probably contemporary with Diphilus and Menan[HAMPSICORA.] der. (Meineke, Frag. Corn. Graec. vol. i. p. 457,
HIPPA'GORAS ('Inrra7ypas), a writer men- vol. iv. p. 431; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. p. 451.)
tioned by Athenaeus (xiv. p. 630 A.) as the author 2. The author of an Egyptian Iliad, from which
of a treatise IlEpI i-s KapX-qoavwv IOnhALo'TEaS. two lines are quoted by Athenaeus (iii. p. 101, a.).
[C. P. M.] 3. A Pythagorean, contemporary with Lysis, the
HIPPA'LCIMUS ('IwrrdActLzMos), a grandson of teacher of Epaminondas, about B. c. 380. There
Boeotus, son of Itonus, and father of Peneleus. is a letter from Lysis to Hipparchus, remonstrating
(Diod. iv. 67; Apollod. i. 9. ~ 16, who, however, with him for teaching in public, which was contrary
calls him Hippalmus.) [L. S.] to the injunctions of Pythagoras. (Diog. Laert.
HIPPALCMUS ("IwraAKEIos), the name of two viii. 42; Iamblich. Vit. Pythag. 17; Synes. lApist.
mnythical personages, the one a son of Pelops and ad Heracl.) Clemens Alexandrinus tells us, that
Hippodameia, and the other an Argonaut.: (Schol. on the ground' of his teaching in public, Hipparchus
ad Pind. 01. i. 144; Hygin. Fab. 14.) [L. S.] was expelled from the society of the Pythagoreans,
HIPPA'RCHIA ('I7rrapx[a), born at Maroneia, who erected a monument to him, as if he had been
a town of Thrace. She lived about B. c. 328. She dead. (Strom. v. p. 574; comp. Lycurg. adv. Leocr.
was the daughter of a family of wealth and dis- 30.) Stobaeus (Seirn. cvi.) has preserved a fragment
tinction; but having been introduced by her brother from his book Iespl EuviOulaSr. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
Meteocles to Crates, an ugly and deformed Cynic vol. i. pp. 847, 886.)
[CRATES of THEBES], she conceived such a violent 4. Of Stageira, a relation and disciple of Arispassion for him, that she informed her parents that totle, who mentions him in his will. - (Diog. Lairt.
if they refused to allow her to marry him, she v. 12.) Suidas (s. v.) mentions his works ar appe,
should kill herself. They begged Crates to per- Kal jAu 7rapa Tro7s aeor and Is' a'd YUos. Prosuade her out of this strange fancy, and he certainly bably he is the same as the Hipparchus mentioned
appears to have done his best to accomplish their in the will of Theophrastus, and the father of Hewishes, since he exhibited to her his humpback gesias. (Diog. Lairt. v. 51, 56, 57.)
and his wallet, saying, "Here is the bridegroom, Other persons of the name are mentioned by
and this is his fortune." Hipparchia, however, F'abricius. (Bill. Graec. vol. iv. p. 31.) [P. S.]
was quite satisfied, declaring that she could not HIPPARCHUS (~I7rurapXos). We must give
find any where a handsomer or a richer spouse. a few words to the explanation of our reason for
They were accordingly married, and she assumed deferring all such account of Hipparchus as his
the Cynic dress and manners, and plunged into all fame requires to another article. The first and
possible excesses of eccentricity. Suidas says that greatest of Greek astronomers has left no work of
she wrote some treatises, amongst others, questions his own which would entitle him to that character:
addressed to Theodorus, surnamed the Atheist. it is entirely to Ptolemy that our knowledge of
There is an epigramn on her by Antipater, in the him is due. In this respect, the parallel is very
Anthology, in which she is made to say, rcev Be close between him and two others of his race, each
iKvwvth' EASav pwlAeoov oto7ov, and to pronounce one of the three being the first of his order in point
herself as much superior to Atalanta as wisdom is of time. Aesop and Menander would only have
better than hunting. (Diog. Lairt. vi. 96; Me- been known to us by report or by slight fragments,
page, Historia Mtulierum Plilosopkhartm, 63; if it had not been for Phaedrus and Terence: it
Brucker, Hist. Crit. Plhil. ii. 2. 8.) [G. E. L. C.] would have been the same with Hipparchus' if it'
HIPPARCHUS, son of Peisistratus. [PEI- had not been for Ptolemy. Had it happened that
SISTRATUS, and PEISISTRATIDAE.] Hipparchus had had two names, by the second of
HIPPARCHUS (IF7rr'apXos), historical. I. Of which Ptolemy, and Ptolemy only, had referred to
the borough of Cholargae in Attica, a distant re- him, we should have had no positive method of
lation of his namesake the son of Peisistratus, is identifying the great astronomer with the writer
mentioned as the first person banished by ostracism of the commentary on Aratus. And if by any
from Athens. (Plut. Nic. 11.) collateral evidence a doubt had been raised whether
2. Of Euboea, one of the warmest partisans of the two were not the same, it would probably have
Philip of Macedon, who rewarded him for his zeal been urged with success that it was impossible the
by appointing him, together with Automedon and author of so comparatively slight a production could
Cleitarchus, to be rulers, or, as Demosthenes calls have been the sagacious mathematician and dilithem tyrants, of Eretria, supported by a force of gent observer who, by uniting those two charac-.
mercenary troops. (Dem. Phil. iii. p. 125, de Cor. ters for the first time, raised astronomy to that
p. 324, ed. Reiske.) From an anecdote mentioned rank among the applications of arithmetic and geoby Plutarch (Apophth. p. 178), it appears that metry which it has always since preserved. This:
Philip entertained for him feelings of warm per- is the praise to which the Hipparchus of the Synsonal regard.' taxis is entitled; and as this can only' be ga-,
3. A freedman of M. Antony, in whose favour thered from Ptolemy, it will be convenient to refer
he enjoyed a high place, notwithstanding which he the most important part of the account of the former
was one of the first to go over to Octavian. He to the life of the latter; giving, in this place, only
afterwards, established himself at Corinth'. (Plut. as much as can be gathered from other sources. And
Ant. 67.'' [E.. H. B.] such a course is rendered more desirable by the cit'