A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

-HILARIUS. H'ILARIUS. 46'9
form in the Bibliotheca Patrum of Galland, vol. viii. certain irregularities, by a council'at which Hilap. 235. rius presided, assisted by Eucherius of Lyons and
With regard to the title of another work sup- Germanus of Auxerre. Chelidonius repaired to
posed to have been written by the same author, Rome for the purpose of lodging an appeal against
see Mansius, ad Fabr. Bibl. M. et In.f Lat. vol. this sentence, and thither he was followed by
iii. p.' 251. [W. R.] Hilarius, who expressed a wish to confer with the
HILA'RIUS, a native of Bithynia, who in the pontiff, but refused to acknowledge his jurisdiction
reign of Valens (A.D. 364-379) migrated to in the case. Leo, incensed by what he considered
Athens, and distinguished himself as a painter, as as a direct attack uponl his supremacy, forthwith
well as by his general proficiency in art and phi- reinstated Chelidonius, while Hilarius, entertaining
losophy. While residing near Corinth in A. D. apprehensions for his own personal freedom, was
379, Hilarius, with his whole family, perished in fain to quit the city by stealth, and make his way
an invasion of the Goths. (Eunap. Vit. Soph. p. back to his diocese, on foot, crossing the Alps at
67, ed. Boissonade; comp. id. Excerpt. Legat. p. the most inclement season of the year. He sub20.) [W. B. D.] sequently endeavoured, but in vain, to negotiate a
HILA'RIUS ('IAhdpos), a Phrygian, an inter- reconciliation with Leo, who refused to listen to
preter of oracles, implicated in the proceedings of any terms short of absolute submission, and evenTheodorus, who attempted to discover by magic tually succeeded in depriving him of all the priviwho should succeed the emperor Valens. He was leges which he enjoyed as metropolitan of Gaul.
executed in the course of the judicial proceedings This proceeding was confirmed by the celebrated
which followed. (Amm. Marc. xxix. 1; Zosim. iv. rescript of Valentinian III.,. issued in 445, in
15; Tillemont, Hist. des Emp. vol. v.) [J. C. M.] which, among other matters, it was ordained, " Ut:
HILA'RIUS. Among the correspondence of Episcopis Gallicanis omnibusque pro lege esset,
Augustin we find two letters addressed to that quidquid apostolicae sedis auctoritas sanxisset: ita
prelate by a certain Hilarius, of whom we know ut quisquis Episcoporum ad judicium Romani
nothing certain except that he was a layman, an antistitis evocatus venire neglexisset per moderaintimate friend of Prosper Aquitanus, an ardent torem ejusdem provinciae adesse cogeretur," a deadmirer of the bishop of Hippo, and probably the cree which, while it unequivocally established the
person to whom the latter addressed his treatise, authority of the bishop of Rome over the church
De Praedestinatione Sanctorum et de Doneo Perse- beyond the Alps, at the same time, when taken in
verantiae. The. first of these letters, which is connection with the circumstances by which it was
short, is entitled De Pelagianis, was written at called forth, seems to prove that up to this period
Syracuse in A. D. 413 or 414, and is numbered such authority had never been fully and formally
clvi. in the collected epistles of Augustin, according recognised. The merits of this dispute have, as
to the Benedictine arrangement. The second letter might be expected, become a party question among
is considerably longer, is entitled De Semipelagianis, ecclesiastical historians, who characterise the conwas despatched from the south of France, along duct of the chief personages concerned in the most
with one by Prosper upon the same subject, in opposite terms, according to the views which they
428 or 429, and is numbered ccxxvi. It was pub- entertain with regard to the rights of the papal
lished at Cologne in 1503, along with the treatise chair. Hilarius died in 449, about five years after
of Honorius Augustodunensis, De libero Arbitrio, the deposition of Chelidonius.
and is included in the Paris edition (1711) of the The only works of this Hilarius now extant
works of Prosper, p. 7. A third letter was written whose authenticity is unquestionable areby this same personage upon the same topics, which 1. Vita Sancti Honorati Arelatensis Episcopi, a
is now lost; and some critics have, upon no suffi- sort of funeral panegyric upon his predecessor,
cient grounds, ascribed to him a work, De Vcca- which has been much admired, on account of the
tione Gentiumn. [W. R.] graceful and winning character of the style. It
HILA'RIUS, surnamed ARELATENSIS, was was first published at Paris by Genebrardus, in
born at the commencement of the fifth century, in 1578, and a few years afterwards, from MSS. preGallia Belgica, of a noble family, and distinguished served at Lerins, by Vincentius Barralis, in his
himself in boyhood by the zeal and success with Chronologia sanct.- iasul. Lerin. Lugd. 4to. 1613;
which he followed out'the various branches of a the text of the former edition was followed by
liberal education. At an early age he became the Surius ad xvi. Jan., and of the latter by the
disciple of Honoratus, first abbot of Lerins, by Bollandists, vol. ii. p. 11. It is also given in the
whom he was persuaded to abandon the world, Bibl. Patr. Max. Lugd. 1677, vol. viii. p. 1228, in
and to devote himself to a monastic life. To this the Opera Leonis 1., edited by Quesnell, Paris,
he attached himself so warmly, that when the 4to. 1675, and in the Opera Vincentii Lirinensis
bishopric of Arles became vacant in A. D. 429, by et Hilarii Arelatensis, by J. Salinas, Rom. 8vo.'the death of his preceptor, he was with the utmost 1731.
difficulty induced to yield to the wishes of the 2. Epistola ad Eucherium Episcopumn Lugduclergy and people, and to accept the episcopal nensem, first published in the Clronologia Lirinensis
chair. The circumstance that a monk of twenty- of Barralis, and subsequently in the Bibl. Maxz.
tine should have been chosen unanimously to fill Patr. Lugd. vol. viii., in Quesnell and in Salinas,
such an. important station is in itself a strong proof See above.
of the reputation which he must have enjoyed. as a The author of his life, which we notice below,
man of learning, eloquence, and piety. His name, mentions also Homniliae in totius anni Festivitates;
however, has acquired importance in ecclesiastical Symboli Eapositio; a great number of Epistolae,
history chiefly from the controversy in which he and likewise Versus, but all of these are lost, unless
became involved with Pope Leo the Great. A we- agree with those who upon very slender
certain Chelidonius, bishop either of Vesoul or evidence assign to this Hilarius three poems in
B-esanqon, had been deposed, in consequence of dactylic hexameters, of which two are ascribed in
H 3