A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

HESYCHIUS. HICETAS. 449
work to which it is prefixed, nor does it contain (Lugd. Bat. 1792, 8vo.). The glossae sacrae were
any thing to justify the opinion of Valckenaer. edited separately, with emendations and notes, by
The investigations of Alberti and Welcker (in the Ernesti, Leipzig, 1785. (Comp. Alberti's preface
Rhein. 11Mus. ii. pp. 269, &c., 411, &c.) have ren- to vol. i., and Ruhnken's to vol. ii.; C. F. Ranke,
dered it highly probable that Hesychius was a De Lexici Hesychiani vera Orgine et genuina
pagan, who lived towards the end of the fourth Forma Commentatio, Leipz. et Quedlinburg, 1831,
century of our era, or, as Welcker thinks, previous 8vo.; Welcker, 1. c.) [L. S.]
to A. D. 389. This view seems to be contradicted HIETAEREIUS ('E'rapeos), the protector of
by the fact that the work also contains a number companies or associations of friends, a surname of
of Christian glosses and references to ecclesiastical Zeus, to whom Jason was believed to have offered
writers, as Epiphanius and others, whence Fabricius the first sacrifices, when the Argonauts were asand other critics consider Hesvychius as a Christian, sembled for their expedition. (Athen. xiii. p.
and identify him with the Hesychius who in the 572.) [L. S.]
third century after Christ made a Greek translation HEURIPPE (Eiptsr7ra), the finder of horses, a
of the Old Testament, and is often quoted by Hie- surname of Artemis, under which Odysseus was said
ronvmus and others. But it is now a generally to have built her a temple at Pheneus in common
established belief that the Christian glosses and with Poseidon Hippius, when at length he there
the references to Christian writers are to be con- found his lost horses. (Paus. viii. 14. ~ 4.) [L.S.]
sidered as interpolations introduced into the work HIARBAS ('Icpgas), a king of the Numidians,
by a later hand. We may therefore acquiesce in who supported Domitius Ahenobarbus and the rethe statement of the prefatory letter, that the work mains of the Marian party in Africa. It seems
is based on a similar one by Diogenianus, and that probable that he was established on the throne by
Hesychius made further use of other special diction- Domitius, in the place of Hiempsal, who had given
aries, especially such as treated of Homeric Ae',ss. offence to Marius. On the arrival of Pompey in
There can be little doubt that the lexicon in its Africa (B. c. 81), Hiarbas supported Domitius with
present form is greatly disfigured and interpolated, a large force, and shared in his defeat: after which
even setting aside the introduction of the Christian he fell into the conqueror's hands, and was put to
Ae'els, or glossae sacrae, as they are commonly death. (Plut. Pomp. 12; Liv. Epit. lxxxix.; Oros.
called; but notwithstanding all this, the work is of v. 21; Eutrop. v. 9.) The name is very variously
incalculable value to us. It is now one of the written, but the above is probably the most correct
most important sources of our knowledge, not only form. [E. H. B.]
of the Greek language as such, but, to some extent, HICANUS, a statuary, who made "athletas et
of Greek literature also; and in regard to anti- armatos et venatores sacrificantesque." (Plin.
quarian knowledge, it is a real storehouse of in- H. N. xxxiv. 8. s. 19. ~ 34.) [P. S.]
formation, derived from earlier grammarians and HICE'SIUS ('IKEaoos), a writer quoted by
commentators, whose works are lost and unknown. Clement of Alexandria, as having written a work
It further contains a large number of peculiar dia- concerning mysteries, in which he treated incidenlectical and local forms and expressions, and many tally of the religion of the Scythians. (Clem. Proquotations from other writers. The author, it is trept. p. 19.) [E. H. B.]
true, was more concerned about the accumulation of HICE'SIUS ('Ices'os), a physician, who lived
matter derived from the most heterogeneous sources probably at the end of the first century B. c., as he
than about a skilful and systematic arrangement; is quoted by Crito (ap. Gal. De Compos. Medicarm.
but some of these defects are, perhaps, not to be sec. Gen. v. 3, vol. xiii. p. 786,7), and was shortly
put to the account of the original compiler, but to anterior to Strlbo. He was a follower of Erasisthat of the later interpolators. This condition of tratus, and was at the head of a celebrated medical
the work has led some critics to the opinion, that school established at Smyrna. (Strab. xii. 8, sub
the groundwork of the lexicon was one made by fin.) He is several times quoted by Athenaeus,
Pamphilus of Alexandria in the first century after who says (ii. p. 59) that he was a friend of the
Christ; that in the second century Diogenianus physician Menodorus; and also by Pliny, who calls.
made an abridgment of it, and that at length it fell him " a physician of no small authority." (H. N.
into the hands of the unknown Hesychius, by xxvii. 14.) There are extant two coins, struck in
whom it was greatly interpolated, and from whom his honour by the people of Smyrna, which are
it received its present form. The interpolations described and illustrated by Mead in his Dissert.
must be admitted, but the rest is only an un- de Numis quibusdam a Smyrnaeis in l/Iedicorum
*founded hypothesis. To restore a correct text under Honorempercussis, Lond. 4to. 1724; see also Fabric.
these circumstances is a task of the utmost diffi- Bibl. Gr. vol. xiii. p. 189, ed. vet. [W. A. G.]
culty. The first edition is that of Venice, 1514, Hl'CETAON ('IKETrdWv), a son of Laomedon,
fol., edited by the learned Greek Musurus, who and father of Melanippus, who is therefore called
made many arbitrary alterations and additions, as'IKc'TaovSr8?s. (Hom. II. xv. 546, xx. 238.) [L.S.]
is clear from the Venetian MS. (the only one that HI'CETAS ('IKce'as or'IK1e-1s). 1. A Syrais as yet known; comp. Villoison, Anecdot. Graec. cusan, contemporary with the younger Dionysius
ii. p. 254; N. Schow, Epistolae Criticae, Rome, and Timoleon. He is first mentioned as a friend
1790, 4to., reprinted as a supplement in Alberti's of Dion, after whose death (B. c. 353), his wife,
edition.) The edition of Musurus was followed by Arete, and his sister Aristomache, placed themselves
those of Florence (1520, fol.), Hagenau (1521), under the care of Hicetas. The latter was at first
and that of C. Sclirevelius (Lugdun. Bat. et Am- disposed to protect them, but was afterwards perstelod., 1686, 4to.) The best critical edition, with suaded by the enemies of Dion to consent to their
a comprehensive commentary, is that of J. Alberti, destruction, and he accordingly placed them on
which was completed after Alberti's death by Ruhn- board a ship bound for Corinth, with secret instrucken, Lugd. Bat. 1746-1766, 2 vols. fol. A sup- tions that they should be put to death upon the
plement to this edition was published by N. Schow voyage. (Plut. Dion, 58.) In the disorders that.
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