A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

HERODIANUS. HERODIANIUS. 429
Mariamne, and brother of l Herod Agrippa I. lidm, Manimino in odium Alexandri plcrimum fa(Joseph. Ant. xviii. 5. ~ 4.) He obtained the vit. Others also charge him with showing too
kingdom of Chalcis from Claudius at the request of great a partiality for Pertinax. The best editions
his brother Agrippa (A. D. 41): he was at the same of Herodian are those by Irmisch, Leipzig, 1789
time honoured by the emperor with-the praetorian -1805, 5 vols. 8vo.;by F. A. Wolf, Halle, 1792,
dignity; and after the death of Agrippa (A. D. 8vo.; and by Bekker, Berlin, 1826. Notices of
44), Claudius bestowed upon him the general sU- other editions will be. found in Fabricius (Bibl.
perintendence of the temple and sacred treasury at Graec. vol. vi. p. 287, &c.) and Hoffmann (Lex.
Jerusalem, together with the right of appointing Bibl. vol. ii. p. 362, &c.). (Wolf's Narratio de
the high-priests. Of the latter privilege he availed Herodiano et Libro ejus, prefixed to his edition of
himself, first to remove Cantheras, and appoint Herodian; Vossius, de Hist. Graec. p. 284, ed.
Joseph, the son of Camus, and again, subsequently Westermann.) [C. P. M.]
to displace Joseph, and bestow that high dignity HERODIA'NUS, AE'LIUS (AfLAos'Hpw~laupon Ananias, the son of Nebedeus. These are all vdr), one of the most celebrated grammarians of
the events that are recorded of his reign, which antiquity. He was the son of Apollonius Dyslasted less than eight years, as he died in A. D. 48, colus [APoLLoNlus], and was born at Alexandria.
when his petty kingdom was bestowed by Claudius From that place he appears to have removed to
upon his nephew, Herod Agrippa II. (Joseph. Rome, where he gained the favour of the emperor
Ant. xix. 5. ~ 1, xx. 1. ~ 3, 5. ~ 2, B. J. ii. 11. Marcus Aurelius, to whom he dedicated his work
5. 5, 6; Dion Cass. lx. 8.) He was twice married, on prosody. No further biographical particulars
first to Mariamne, daughter of Olympias, the are known respecting him. The estimation in
daughter of Herod the Great, by whom he had a which he was held by subsequent grammarians
son, Aristobulus; secondly, to the accomplished was very great. Priscian styles him mnaximus
Berenice, daughter of his brother Agrippa, who auctor artis grammaticae. He was a very volubore him two sons, Berenicianus and Hyrcanus. minous writer; but to give any thing like a correct
(Joseph. Ant. xviii. 5. ~ 4, xx. 5. ~ 2.) [E. H. B.] list of his works (of which we possess only a few
HERO'DES, surnamed PHILIPPUS, was son fragmentary portions) is very difficult; as in nuof Herod the Great by Mariamne, the daughter merous instances it is impossible to determine
of the high-priest Simon. (Joseph. Ant. xviii. 5. whether the titles given by writers who quoted or
~ 4.) He was the first husband of Herodias, who epitomised his works were the titles of distinct
afterwards divorced him, contrary to the Jewish treatises, or only of; portions of some of his larger
law, and married his half-brother, Herod Antipas. works. The following appear to have been distinct
The surname of Philippus is not mentioned by works: —l. HIepi'OpOoypapfas, in three books,
Josephus, but it is clear that it is he, and not the treating of iroaeTrs, 7rTOldrT, and auv'rats. 2.
tetrarch of Ituraea, who is meant by the Evange- IIe~pl %vvTadeWrs TOLXet'cov. 3. IlepI naOcav, on
lists (Matth. xiv. 3; Mark, vi. 17; Luke, iii. 19), the changes undergone by syllables and letters. 4.
where they speak of Philip, the brother of Herod. vuTodOrZov, written during a residence at Puteoli.
(See Rosenmiiller, Scl/ol. in Nov. Test. vol. i. p. 5. lept rPdcou tIal Zv1gLucaeooCs. 6. Ilpo'dreeLs, of
304,) [E. H. B.] which we know something through the Afoe-s
HERODIA'NUS ('HpoJcavows), a writer on nIpoerdcw- Tewv'Hpco8savoe, written by the gramRoman history. He was a Greek, though he ap- marian Orus. 7.'OvopasTcKd. All the above
pears to have lived for a considerable period in works have entirely perished. The passages where
Rome, but without holding any public office..From they are quoted, with the names of some other
his work, which is still extant, we gather that he treatises of less note, will be found in Fabricius
was still living at an advanced age in the reign of (Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. p. 282, &c.). 8.'Erpteplpeuoi.
Gordianus III., who ascended the throne A. D. 238. This work was devoted to the explanation of difBeyond this we know nothing respecting his life. ficult, obscure, and doubtful words, and of peculiar
His history extends overthe period from the death forms found in Homer. A meagre compilation
of M. Aurelius (A. D. 180) to the commencement from this highly valuable work was published from
of the reign of Gordianus III. (A. D. 238), and Parisian MSS. by J. F. Boissonade, London, 1819.
bears the title,'Hpwosavoi Trjs,C$eTd Madpcov 3a- Another abstract, which appears to give a better
X;AeZas acTopLdv,lGAfa rK0cJ. He himself informs idea of the original work, is the'Eyrqepseoei, pubus (i. 1. ~ 3, ii. 15. ~ 7) that the events of this lished in Cramer's Anecdota Or. Oxon. vol. i.
period had occurred in his own lifetime. Photius Several important quotations from this work are
(Cod. 99) gives an outline of the contents of the also found scattered in different parts of the scholia
work, and passes a flattering encomium on the on Homer. The 2x71uaroTi/zbol'O0,tpsKoj4 appended
style of Herodian, which he describes as clear, by Sturz to his edition of the Etymologicum Guvigorous and agreeable, preserving a happy medium dianum, appears also to belong to the'E7rqpeplreoi
between an utter disregard of art and elegance and of Herodianus. An'O/7piKc' npooqoia, of which
a profuse employment of the artifices and pretti- we find mention, may also have been a portion of
nesses which were known under the name of it; but, like the'ATTIKI) flpon,8ea, and'Avo'Juaos
Atticism, as well as between boldness and -bomr- poecpmsa (neither of which is extant), more probast; adding that not many historical writers are bably belonged to the great work on prosody. 9.
his superiors. He appears to have had Thucydides'H'KaO' "OAov, or KacoAotuc) Ipooaola (called also
before him to some extent as a model,: both for MeyAdx7 fIpo(rai[a), in twenty books. This work
style and for the general composition of his work, also was held in great repute by the successors of
like him, introducing here and there speeches Herodianus. It seems to have embraced not
wholly or in part imaginary. In spite of occasional merely prosody, but most of those subjects now
inaccuracies in chronology and geography, his nar- included in the etymological portion of grammar.
rative is in the main truthful and impartial; though An abstract of it was made by the grammarian
Julius Capitolinus (Maxim. duo, c. 13) says of Aristodemus, which, like the original work has