A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

HERMODORUS. HERMOGENES. 419
beautiful altar at Parium on the Propontis. (Strab. at Rome, whom the great Antonius defended in the
xii. p. 487, a.; xiii. p. 588, b.) [P. S.] year of his consulship, B. c. 99. (Cicero, de Orat. i.
HERMO'CREON ('EpUoKp~e'Iv), the author of 12.) Now Metellus triumphed over Andriscus in
two simple and elegant epigrams in the Greek An- B. c. 148. These two architects, therefore, can
thology. His time is not known. (Brunck, Anal. hardly be the same. In fact, the conjecture of
vol. ii. p. 252; Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. ii. p. 229, Turnebus is suspicious, for the very reason that it
vol. xiii. p. 902; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. iv. p. is so plausible. Schneider reads khujusmodi instead
477.) [P. S.] of the Hermodi of the MSS. (Comment. in Vitruv.
HERMODO'RUS ('EpyuAscpos). 1. Of Ephesus, 1. c.) [P. S.]
a person of great distinction, but was expelled by HE'RMODUS. [HERMODORLUS, of Salamis.]
his fellow-citizens, for which Heracleitus censured HERMO'GENES ('EpIUoy7'vrs). 1. A son of
them very severely. (Diog. Laeirt. ix. 2; Cic. Tusc. Crito, the friend of Socrates, and, like his father, a
v. 36.) He is said to have gone to Rome to have disciple of Socrates. (Diog. Lart. ii. 121,)
explained to the decemvirs the Greek laws, and 2. A son of Hipponicus, and a brother of the
thus assisted them in drawing up the laws of the wealthy Callias, is introduced by Plato in his diaTwelve Tables, B. c. 451. (Pompon. de Orig. Jur. logue Cratylus as one of the interlocutors, and mainDig. 1. tit. 2. s. 4.) Pliny (H. N. xxxiv. 11) further tains that all the words of a language were formed
states, that the Romans expressed their gratitude by an agreement of men among themselves. Diotowards him, by erecting a statue to him in the genes Lairtius (iii. 6) states that he was one of
comitium. This story of his having assisted the the teachers of Plato, but no other writer has mendecemvirs has been treated by some modern critics tioned this, although there was no want of opporas a fiction, or at least has been modified in a tunities; and it is further clear from the Cratylus,
manner which reduces his influence upon that le- that Hermogenes was not a man either of talent or
gislation to a mere nothing. But, in the first learning, and that he scarcely knew the elements
place, it would be arbitrary to reject the authority of philosophy. Although he belonged to the great
of Pomponius, or to doubt the merits of Hermodo- family of Callias, he is mentioned by Xenophon
rus, which are sufficiently attested by the statue in as a man of very little property: this is accounted
the comitium, and, in the second, there is nothing for by some by the supposition that Hermogenes
at all improbable in the statement, that a distin- was not a. legitimate son of Hipponicus, but only a
guished Greek assisted the Romans in the framing vdeos. Plato (Cratyl. p. 391, c.), on the other
of written laws, in which they were surely less hand, suggests that he was unjustly deprived of his
experienced than the Greeks. In what his assist- property by Callias, his brother. (Comp. Xenoph.
ance consisted is only matter:of conjecture: he Memor. ii. 10. ~ 3, Conviv. i. 3, Apol. 2; Groen
probably gave accounts of the laws of some Greek van Prinsterer, Prosopogr. Plat. p. 225; C. F.
states with which he was acquainted, and we may Hermann, Gesch. u. Systens der Plat. Philos. i. pp.
further believe with Niebuhr (Hist. of Romne, vol. ii. 47, 654.)
p. 310), that the share he took related only to the 3. A banker at Rome, who is called by Cicero
constitution. (Ser. Gratama, de Hermodoro Ephesio (ad Att. xii. 25, 30) his debtor, in B. c. 45. If, as
vero XII. Tabularunm Aeutore, Groningen, 1818, is commonly supposed, he is the same as Hermo4to.) genes Clodius, who is mentioned by Cicero in a
2. A disciple of Plato, is said to have circulated letter of the same year (ad Att. xiii. 23), he was a
the works of Plato, and to have sold them in Sicily, freedman of Clodius.
whence arose the proverb A6yowwv'Epjcz6wpos 4. An architect of Alabanda, in Caria, who in-,auropeE'atz. (Suid. s. v. AdyooL Cic. ad Att. vented what was called the pseudodipterus, that is,
xiii. 20.) Hermodorus himself appears to have a form of a temple, with apparently two rows of
been a philosopher, for we know the titles of two columns, whereby he effected a great saving both
works that were attributed to him, viz. Ilepl rIAx- of money and labour in the construction of temples.'ravos and HIepi uaOrnlcdl-wv. (Comp. Diog. Lairt. (Vitruv. iii. 2. ~ 6, 3. ~ 8.) His great object as
Prooem. 8, ii. 106, iii. 6; Ionsius, de Script. Hist. an architect was to increase the taste for the Ionic
Philos. i. 10. 2.) form of temples, in preference to Doric temples.
3. An Epicurean philosopher, known only from (Vitruv. iv. 3. ~ 1.) He was further the author
Lucian (Icaromnenipp. 16), according to whom he of two works which are now lost; the one was a
committed perjury for a bribe of 1000 drachmae. description of the temple of Diana which he had
4. A lyric poet, whose songs were incorporated built at Magnesia, a pseudodipterus, and the other
in the Anthology of Meleager. We still possess a description of a temple of Bacchus, in Teos, a
an epigram of his on the Aphrodite of Cnidus monopterus. (Vitruv. vii. Praef. ~ 12.)
(Brunck, Analect. i. 162), but he is otherwise un- 5. A sculptor of the island of Cythera, who, acknown. There is a fragment of two lines quoted cording to Pausanias (ii. 2. ~ 7), made a statue of
by Stobaeus (Flor. tit. lx. 2), under the name of Aphrodite, which stood at Corinth.
Hermodotus, which, according to some critics, is a 6. One of the most celebrated Greek rhetoricians'
mistake for Hermodorus; but nothing can be said He was a son of Calippus and a native of Tarsus;
about the matter. (Jacobs, ad Anthol.. xiii. p. and lived in the reign of the emperot M. Aurelius,
902.) [L. S.] A. D. 161-180. He bore the surname of iUtrjp,
HERMODO'RUS, of Salamis, was the archi- that is, the scratcher or polisher, either with refertect of the temple of Mars in the Flaminian Circus ence to his vehement temperament, or to the great
(Cornel. Nepos, ap. Priscian, Gr. Lat. viii. col. polish which he strongly recommended as one of
792, Fr. xi.), and also, if we accept the emendation the principal requisites in a written composition.
of Turnebus (Hermodori for Hermodi), of the He was, according to all accounts, a man endowed
temple of Jupiter Stator in the portico of Metellus with extraordinary talents; for at the age of fifteen
Macedonicus (Vitruv. iii. 2. ~ 5, Schneider). There he had already acquired so great a reputation as
was also a Hermodorus of Salamis, a naval architect an orator, that the emperor M. Aurelius desired to
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