A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

HENIOCHUS. HENRICUS. 381'
know the title and contents of the fourth book orator in the time of Demosthenes. (Meineke,
alone —-" Bellum Punicumr posterius " (Priscian. Frag. Corn. Graec. vol. i. p. 421, vol. iii. p. 560;
vii. p. 767, ed. Putsch); those of the preceding Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. p. 448.) [P. S.]
books are merely matter of conjecture. Priscian, HENRI'CUS ('Evpiicos), HENRY, a Greek
however, cites from a fifth book (super sii. ver. emperor (A. D. 1206-1216), the second son of
Aen. vi. p. 1254), and there were probably even Baldwin VIII., count of Flanders and Hainaht,
more. (Niebuhr, Lectures on Rom. Hist. vol. i. p. was born about 1176, and succeeded his elder
37.) Pliny (H. N. xiii. 13, xxix. 1) calls Hemina brother Baldwin on the throne of Constantinople
"vetustissimus auctor," and "auctor ex antiquis." in 1206. [BALDUINUS I.] Henry was one of the
He derived his information from genuine sources, leading chiefs in the great expedition of the Latin
and synchronised with the Greeks, placing the age barons against Constantinople, in 1204, and in the
of Homer more than 160 years after the Trojan division of the empire was rewarded with territories
war. (Gellius, xvii. 21.) Hemina had read, and in Asia, which, however, he had first to wrest
probably borrowed, from Cato's Origines (comp. from Theodore Lascaris and the other leaders of
Priscian, x. p. 903, with Serv. ad Aen. i. 421); the rebellious Greeks. He defeated Lascaris in a
and, on the other hand, Sallust, whose propensity bloody battle near Adramyttium in Mysia, in
for archaisms is obvious, seems to have studied 1205, and the conquest of Bithynia was the fruit
Hemina, since the words " omnia orta occidunt, et of his victory. The emperor's campaign against
aucta senescunt," in the prooemillm of the Jugur- the Bulgarians obliged him to repair to the other
thine war, singularly resemble a fragment, " quae side of the Bosporus, and he left Asia at the head
nata sunt, ea omnia denasci aiunt," of the second of 20,000 Armenian mercenaries, with whom he
book of Hemina's annals, quoted by Nonius (de- marched upon Adrianople. Before he had reached
nasci, decrescere). It is, however, remarkable, that that town, he was informed that Baldwin, without
neither Livy, Dionysius, nor Plutarch, mention waiting for the arrival of his brother, had impruHemina by name among their several authorities; dently engaged a pitched battle with the Bulgarian
nor does Cicero include him in his catalogue of the king, Joannicus or Calo-Joannes, that the imperial
early annalists and historians of Rome. (De Or. troops had suffered a severe defeat, and that no.
ii. 12, De Leg. 1, 2.) From the frequent citations body knew what had become of the emperor (15th
of Hemina by the grammarians Nonius, Priscian, of April, 1205). In this emergency, Henry left
and Servius, his diction would seem to have been his army, and hastening alone to the field of battle
at least idiomatic, and he furnished the antiquarians near Adrianople, arrived in time to save the imand encyclopaedists, Macrobius (Sat. i. 13, 16, iii. perial army from utter destruction. The fate of
4), Gellius (xvii. 21. ~ 3), Pliny (H. N. xiii. 13, Baldwin being entirely unknown, Henry was
xviii. 2, xix. 1, xxix. 1, xxxii. 2), and Solinus (8), chosen regent, and he conducted his forces back to
with some curious traditions of the past. The Constantinople. The Bulgarian king followed in
fragments of Hemina's history are collected and his steps, burnt Philippopolis, and ravaged all
arranged by Krause (Vit. et Fragm. Vet. Hist. Thrace in a most savage manner. He reckonedRom. pp. 155-166). [W. B. D.] upon the assistance of the discontented Greeks,
HEMI'THEON ('HILuOacv), a Sybarite of the and, had they joined him, the fate of the new
vilest character, and the author of an obscene work. Latin empire of Constantinople would have been
He is mentioned by Lucian (Adv. Indoctum, c. 23, sealed; but his unheard-of cruelties showed the
and, according to the conjecture of Solanus, Pseu- Greeks that among their foreign masters the Buldolog. c. 3). It is thought that he is the writer re- garian was the worst; and the inhabitants of
ferred to in a passage of Ovid (TTrist. ii. 417), and, Adrianople, after having defended their town
if the common reading of the passage is correct, he against Henry as an usurper and tyrant, now
appears to have flourished not long before that poet. opened their' gates, and received him within their
But Ieinsius (ad loc.) conjectures that for "nu- walls with acclamations of joy. This was in
per " we should read " turpem," in which case, the 1206. It was then known that the emperor Baldage of Hemitheon remains undetermined. If it is win was a prisoner of the king of Bulgaria, and in
to him that Ovid refers, it may be gathered that the summer of 1206 the news came of his melanhis work was a poem, entitled Sygaritis. (Politian, choly death. Henry, known as a skilful general,
_AIiscellanea, c. 15; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. viii. p. endeared to most of the Latin barons for having
159.) [J. C. M.] saved them after the defeat of Adrianople, and
HENI'OCHE ('HdvlX7q), a daughter of Creon moreover next of kin to his brother, was unaniof Thebes, to whom, and to whose sister Pyrrha, mously chosen emperor, and crowned at Constantistatues were erected at the entrance of the temple nople on the 20th of August, 1206. At the same
of the Ismenian Apollo at Thebes. (Paus. ix. 10. time Theodore Lascaris was recognised by a large
~ 3.) The wife of Creon, whom Sophocles calls number of towns and villages as lawful emperor,
Eurydice, is likewise called by Hesiod (Scut. 83) and took up his residence at Nicaea. From that
Henioche. [L. S.] time down to 1261, there was a Latin-Byzantine
HENI'OCHUS ('HrioXos), an Athenian comic and a Greek-Byzantine empire, to which we must
poet of the middle comedy, whose plays, as men- add a third, the Greek empire of the Comneni at
tioned by Suidas, were: TpoXiAos,'E7rnKA-qpos, Trebizond. An alliance between the king of Bulropyo'vec, rioAavrpcdyron,, OWPVKcLOV, noA&VsKCTos, garia and Theodore Lascaris placed Henry in great
EAT'iatpos, Ass ca7ura'couSevos, a few fragments of danger. He kept the field in Thrace and Asia
which are preserved by Athenaeus (vi. p. 271, a. with great bravery, and found additional strength
ix. p. 296, d. p. 408, a. xi. p. 483, e.) and Stobaeus in an alliance with the Marquis of Montferrat, lord
(Serm. xlii. 27). Suidas (s. v. roAevIc'ros) has or king of Thessalonica, whose daughter Agnes he
made a curious blunder, calling Heniochus a play married; but he lost her soon afterwards. In
by thle comic poet Polyeuctus. The Polyeuctus, 1207 Joannicus died, and Henry concluded a powho gave the title to the play of Heniochus, was an litical marriage with his daughter, which led to a