A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

-HELIODORUS. HELIODORUS. 373
20, 24; Theophan. Chronog. vol. i. p. 134, ed. by Apollonius and Hesychius. Iriarte mentions
Bonn; Tillemont, Hist. des Emp. vol.vi.) [J.C. M.] some grammatical MSS. by a certain Heliodorus in
HELIOCLES ('HAXLocAXs), a king of Bactria, the Royal Library at Madrid. (Villoison, Proleg.
or of the Indo-Bactrian provinces south of- the in Apollon. Lea. Hoem. pp. 24, 61; Fabric. Il. cc.;
Paropamisus, known only from his coins. Many Ritschl, 1. c., who considers the' Heliodorus who
of these are bilingual, having Greek inscriptions wrote scholia to the'eX'1?ypauAYarLK? of Dionysius
on the one side, and Arian characters on the re- Thrax, to be a different person.)
verse: whence it is inferred that he must have 3. A rhetorician at Rome in the time of Auflourished in the interval between the death of gustus, whom Horace mentions as the companion
Eucratides and the destruction of the Greek king- of his journey to Brundisium, calling, him "by far
dom of Bactria, B. C. 127. It appears probable the most learned of the Greeks." (Sat. i. 5. 2, 3.)
also, from one of his coins, that he must have 4. A Stoic philosopher at Rome, who became a
reigned at one time conjointly with, or subordinate delator in the reign of Nero. Among his victims
to Eucratides: and Lassen, Mionnet, and Wilson, was his own disciple, Licinius Silanius. He was
conceive him to be the son of Eucratides, who is attacked by Juvenal (Sat. i. vv. 33, 35, and
mentioned by Justin as being at first associated schol.).
with his father in the sovereign power, and who 5. A rhetorician, and also private secretary to
afterwards put him to death. (Justin. xli. 6; Las- the emperor Hadrian. He was a contemporary
sen, Gesch. der Bactr. Kinige; Wilson's Ariana, and rival of Dionysius of Miletus, who, we are
p. 262.) [E. H. B.] told, once said to him, "The emperor can give
HELIODO'RUS ('HAdo'wpos), the treasurer you money and honour, but he cannot make you
of Seleucus Philopator, king of Syria, murdered an orator." He was probably the same person as
his master, and attempted to seize the crown Heliodorus of Syria, who, as the reward of his
for himself, but was expelled by Eumenes and skill in rhetoric, was made praefect of Egypt, and
Attalus, of Pergamus, who established Antiochus whose son, Avidius Cassius, attempted to usurp the
Epiphanes in the kingdom, B.C. 175. (Ap- purple in the reign of Marcus AureliusAntoninus.
pian, Syr. 45.; Liv. xli. 24.) The well-known [CAssIvs AVIDIUS.] (Dion, lxix. 3, lxxi. 22, and
story of his being sent by Seleucus to rob the Reimarus ad loc.) Reimarus confounds Heliodorus
temple at Jerusalem, and of his miraculous punish- with Hadrian's other secretary, Celer. That they
ment (2 1faccab. iii.), is rendered somewhat were not the same person is proved by the distinct
suspicious by the silence of Josephus. The author mention of both of them in an oration of Aristeides.
of the anonymous work on the Maccabees tells the (Orat. Sac. iv. pp. 595, 602.) There can be little
story of Apollonius, instead of Heliodorus, and doubt that this is also the Heliodorus whom Aelius
says nothing about the miraculous part of it. (De Spartianus mentions as a philosopher and friend of
Mlaccab. 4.) [P. S.] Hadrian, but who, the same writer tells us, suffered
HELIODO'RUS, praefectus urbi at Constanti- the usual fate of Hadrian's friends, and was abused
nople, A. D. 432, is probably the Heliodorus men- by the emperor " famosissimis literis." (Spart.
tioned with a high encomium by Theodoric, king Had. 15, 16.) It is doubtful whether this Helioof the Ostrogoths in Italy, in a letter included in dorus or the preceding [No. 3] is the grammarian
the works of Cassiodorus. A person of the same who is satirically alluded to by the epigrammatists
name, possibly the same person, was comes sacra- of the Greek Anthology. (Brunck, Anal. vol. i.
rum largitionum, A. D. 468. (Cod. Theod. 6. tit. p. 11, vol. ii. pp. 327, 332.)
24, ~ 11, with the note of Gothofredus; Cassiodor. 6. Philostratus relates the life of an Arabian
Variar. i. 4.) [J. C. M.] sophist, Heliodorus, who lived under Caracalla,
HELIODO'RUS ('HALdScwpos), literary.- and gained the favour of the emperor in a curious
I. POETS. 1. Of Athens. A tragedian, and way, and who, after his patron's death, was made
author of a poem entitled a7roAvTuLd, from which the praefect of a certain island. (Vit. Sophist.
Galen quotes some verses about poisons. (De An- 22.)
tidot. ii. 7, vol. xiv, p. 145; Welcker, die GCriech. III. HISTORIAN. An Athenian, surnamed IleptTragd. p. 1323.)?q'/7Ts, wrote a description of the works of art in
2. The author of a poem entitled Protesilas, the Acropolis at Athens, which is quoted under the
from which Stephanus Byzantinus, (s. v. 4v. AcKu ) various titles, Mepl dKpoir6ACeUs, nEpI ro-v'AO~vpo'
quotes an hexameter verse. rparJolwv,'AvaOhuara, and de Atheniensium Anatie3. The author of a poem entitled'IraAXica Oed- matis. This work was one of the authorities for
icaaa, from which Stobaeus (Floril. tit. 100, c. -6) Pliny's account of the Greek artists. Heliodorus
quotes six verses. He probably lived after Cicero. lived after the time of Antiochus Epiphanes, at
(Meineke, Comm. Misc. Spec. i. 3, p. 38.) least if he be the person meant in the first passage
II. PHILOSOPHERS, RHETORICIANS, and GRAM- of Athenaeus now referred to. (Athen. ii. p. 45, c.
MARIANS. 1. A writer on metres, whose'E-yXe- vi. p. 229, e. ix. p. 406, c.; Suid., Phot., Harpocrat.
pibor, is often quoted by Hephaestion, Rufinus, and s. vv. ~OErrads, Nihl,'OI7Twp, IlporSxAaca; Plin.
others, and who also wrote Isepl FovaK-ciis. (Pris- Eflenchl. in Lib. xxxiii. xxxiv. xxxv.) He is also
cian, de Fg. Num. ii. 396, ed. Krehl.) He was the. apparently mentioned in a passage of Plutarch as
father of the grammarian Irenaeus, and the teacher the author of a work lIepl Av'4L-cE.zwv ( Vit. X. Orat.
of Minutius Pacatas. He probably lived shortly p. 849, c), but in that passage we should probably
before the time of Augustus. (Suid. s.v. Eip~vados; read Alnawpos for'HALo'wpos. (Vossius, de Hist.
Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. p. 512, vol. vi. pp. 206, Graec. p. 448, ed. Westermann.)
344, 368, vol. viii. p. 126; Ritschl, Die Alexandr. IV. ROMANCE-WRITER, the author of the oldest
Bibl. pp. 138, &c.) and by far the best of the Greek romances. Helio2. Perhaps the same as the preceding, a gram- dorus, the son of Theodosius, was a native of
marian, whose commentaries on Homer are quoted Syria, and was born, not, as Photius says, at
by Eustathius and other scholiasts on Homer, and Aminda, but at Emesa, as he himself tells us at the
B 3