A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

HELENA. HELENUS.- 7]1
in some degree compensated for her sufferiilg, for' The'dissertation of Eckhel, vol. viii. p:
she Was treated during the remainder of her career 143, gives within, a short compass the substancewith the most marked distinction, received the of the different theories which have been
title of Augusta, and after her death, at an ad- broached from time to time by writers upon these
vanced age, about A. D.. 328, her memory was kept topics. [W. R.]
alive by the names of Helenopolis and Helenopon- HE'LENA ('EAiyv), the daughter of Timon of
tus, bestowed respectively upon a city' of Syria, a Egypt, painted' the battle of Issus about the time
city of Bithynia, and' a district bordering on the of its occurrence (B. C. 333). In the reign of Ves —
Euxine. The virtues of this holy lady, her attach- pasian this picture was placed in the Temple of
ment to the Christian faith, which she appears to Peace at Rome. (Ptol. Hephaest. ap. Phot. cod.
have embraced at the instance of Constantine, her 190, p. 149, b. 30, ed. Bekker.) It is supposed
pilgrimage to Jerusalem, where she was believed by some scholars that the well-known mosaic fould
to have discovered the sepulchre of our Lord, to- at Pompeii is a copy of this picture, while others
gether with the wood of the true cross, and her believe it to represent the battle at the Granicus,
zealous patronage of the faithful, have afforded a others that at Arbela., All that can be safely said
copious theme to Eusebius, Sozomenus, Theodore- is, that the mosaic represents one of Alexander's
tus, and ecclesiastical historians, and, at a later battles, and that in all probability the person in the
period, procured for her the glory of canonisation. chariot is Dareius. (MUller, Arcaiiol. d. Kunst,
(Gruter, C. I. cclxxxiv. 1; Eutrop. x. 2; Aurel. ~ 163. n. 1, 6.) [P. S.]
Vict. Epit. 39, 40; Zosim. ii.' 8; Oros. vii. 25; HE'LENUS (EXrvos), a son of Priam and
Euseb. Vit. Const. iii. 46, 47; Sozomen. ii. 1; Hecabe, was a skilful observer of auguries, and
Theodoret. i. 18. On the legitimacy of St. He- knew the counsel of the gods (Hom. II. vi. 76,
lena's marriage, see Tillemont, Histoire des Eiepe- vii. 44; Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 5); but he was at the
reurs, vol. iv., Notes sur l'Ernpereur Constantin, same time a warrior, and with Deiphobus he led
nt,. i., and on the period of her death, not. lvii.) the third host of the Trojans against the camp of
2.% Daughter of Constantine the Great and the Greeks. (11. xii. 94.) He fought against
Fausta, was given in marriage by her brother Menelaus, but was wounded by him (xiii. 580,
Constantius to her cousin Julian the Apostate, &c.). This is in outline all that the Homeric poems
when the latter was nominated Caesar, towards tell us of Helenus, but in other traditions we find
the end of A. D. 355. She survived the union for the following additions. Once, when yet children,
five years only, until A. p. 360, having borne one Helenus and Cassandra were left by their parents
child, a boy, which died immediately after its birth. in the temple of the Thymbraean Apollo; and, as
Her sterility, as well as the fate of this solitary they fell asleep, snakes came and' cleaned their
infant, were ascribed, as we learn from Ammianus ears, whereby they acquired the gift of prophecy.
Marcellinus, to the guilty arts of her sister-in-law, (Eustath. ad Hornm. p. 663.) Another tradition
the empress Eusebia. (Amm. Marc. xw, 8. ~ 18, was, that his original name was Scamandrius, and
xvi. 10. ~ 18, xxi. 1. ~ 5.) that he received the name of Helenus from a
The medals belonging to this epoch which hear Thracian soothsayer, who also instructed him in
the name of Helena are peculiarly embarrassing, the prophetic art. (Eustath. ad Horn. p. 626.)
since, in most cases, it is very difficult, if not im- Respecting his deserting his countrymen and joinpossible, to decide which belong to Helena the ing the Greeks, there are different accounts; acwife of Chlorus, which to Helena the wife of cording to some it was the act of his free will, and,
Julian, and which to Helena the wife of Crispus. according to others, he was ensnared by Odysseus,
The designation appears upon the obverses under who wanted to have his prophecy respecting the
four forms: 1. FL. JUL. HELENAE. AUG.; 2. fall of Troy. (Tzetz. ad Lycopl. 905; Soph. PhiFLAVIA or FL.' HELENA. AUGUSTA;.3. HE- loct. 605, 1338; Ov. Met. xiii. 99, 723.) Others
LENA. N. F. (Nobilis Femina); 4.. HELENA FL. again relate that Chryses announced to the Greeks
MAX. (Helena Flavia Maaxina). that Helenus was staying with him in the temple
of Apollo. When therefore Diomedes and Odysseus
were sent to fetch him, Helenus surrendered to them,:
requesting them to assign to him a place where he
might live away from his own friends and relatives.
~ f. He then informed them that he had not left his
country and friends from fear of death, but on account of the sacrilege which Paris had committed,in murdering Achilles in the temple, and told thenl
of' the time and -the circumstances under which
Troy should fall. (Dict. Cret. iv. 18.) Others,
COIN OF HELENA, WIFE OF CONSTANTIUS lastly, relate that, on the death of Paris, Helenus
CHLORUS. and Deiphobus disputed about the possession of
Helena, and that Helenus being conquered, fled to
Mount Ida, where he was taken prisoner by the
/X>\ / 4g stGreeks. (Conon, Narr. 34; Serv. ad Aen. ii. 166.)
/'1' ll, J)In the Philoctetes of Sophocles, Helenus foretells
to Pyrrhus, the son of Achilles, that Troy shall fall. only through Pyrrhus and Philoctetes; and after
the destruction of the city, he reveals to Pyrrhus the
sufferings which awaited the Greeks who returned
home by sea, and prevails upon him to return by land,
COIN OF HELENA, WIFE OF CRISPUS OR and settle in Epeirus. (Serv. ad Aen. ii. 166.)
JULIA.NUS. After the death of Pyrrhus he received a portion
sa2