A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

310 GREGORIU$;,GREGORIUS.
terrnining that of Gregory. 3. In Patrts Nicanos. and whom he regards as one of the most eminent
This panegyric is given with a Latin version in the of the jurists of the. Byzantine empire, inferior to
~Novrm Aectarium of Combefis, vl, ii. p. 547, &c.; Harmenopulus alone. The time at which Gregothe Latin version is given by Lipomannus in his rius Patzo lived is not known, but he must have
De Vitis Sanctorum; and by Stlrius in the De been later than Alexis I. Comnenus (A. D. 1081Probatis Sanctorum Vitis, 10 Julii. (Fabric. Bibl. 1118), some of whose Novellae he has expounded.
Gr. vol. viii. pp. 386, 432, vol. x. pp, 233, 296; Assamanni would make him a modern Greek.
Cave, Hist. Litt. vol. ii. p. 99.) (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. xi. p. 632,)
11. Of CAPPADOCIA. [See above, No. 3.] 31. PERIPATETICUS. [GEORGIUS, No. 41.]
12. CERAMEUS. Nicephorus of Constantinople 32. PRESBYTER. [See above, No. 10.]
gives the name of Gregory to the archbishop of 33. Of SICILY. [See below, No. 35.]
Tauromenium, better-known as Theophanes (but 34. Of SINAL [See above, No. 5.]
called in some MSS. George) Cerameus. [CERA- 35. Of SYRACUSE, sometimes called of SICILY.
MEUS.] Gregory, surnamed ASBESTAS, was made bishop of
13. CHIONIADES lived in the reign ofAlexius Syracuse about A. D. 845. He went to ConstantiI. Comnenus (A. D. 1081-1118.) There are ex- nople, apparently soon after his appointment to the
tant in MS. in the Imperial Library at Vienna see, for he appears to have been there in A. D. 847,
sixteen letters of Gregory Chioniades, addressed, where Ignatius was chosen patriarch, whose election
some to the emperor, others to the patriarch or he strenuously opposed. He was, inreturn, deposed
nobles of Constantinople, the publication of which byIgnatius in a council held A. D. 854, on theground,
is desirable from the light which it is supposed they as Mongitor affirms, of his profligacy; and his depowould throw on that period of Byzantine history. sition was confirmed by the Pope, Benedict III.
(Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. xi. p. 631; Cave, Hist. Litt. When, on the deposition of Ignatius, Photius was
vol. ii. p. 164.) placed on the patriarchal throne, A. D. 858, he was
14. Of CONSTANTINOPLE. [GEORGIUS, lite- consecrated by Gregory, whose episcopal character,
rary, No. 20.] notwithstanding his deposition, was thus recognised.
15. Of CONSTANTINOPLE. [MAMMAS.] Gregory was anathematised, together with Photius,
16. Of CORINTH. [PARDUS.] at the council of Rome A. D. 863: and his connec17. Of CYPRUS. [GEORGIUS, No. 20.] tion with the Greek patriarch is a reason for re18. Of ILLIBERIS. [See above, No. 9.] ceiving with caution the assertions of Romish
19. MAMMAS. [MAMMAS.] writers as to his immoral character. Photius pro20. MELISSENUS. [MAMMAS.] moted him A. D. 878 to the bishopric of Nicaea, in
21. MONACHUS, the MONK. Gregory is not Bithynia. He died soon after.
accurately described by the title Monk, as he lived He is perhaps the "Gregorius archiepiscopus
on the proceeds of his own property, a farm in Siciliae" mentioned by Allatius in his tract De
Thrace, though much given to ascetic practices and Methodiorunm Scriptis (published in the Convivium
entertaining a great reverence for religious persons. decein Virginumn Sti Methodii Alfartyris, Rome,
His spiritual director having died, he attached him- 1656), as the author of an "Oratio longa in S.
self to St. Basil the younger, the ascetic, who lived Methodium." The age of Gregory, who lived in
during and after the reign of Leo VI. the Philoso- and after the time of Methodius, favours this suppher (A. D. 886-911), and is supposed to have,'position, but there is some difficulty from the term
survived as late as A. D. 952. After his death, "Archiepiscopus Siciliae." (Mongitor, Bibll Sicula,
Gregory composed two memoirs of him; the more vol. i. p. 263; Cave,, Hist. L'tt. vol. ii. pp. 40, 76.)
prolix appears to have perished, the other is given, 36. THATUMATURGUS. [See below.]
by the Bollandists in the Acta Sanctoruma, Martii, 37. THEOLOGUS. [See below, GREGORIVS NAvol. iii.; the. Latin version in the body of the work,' ZIANZENUS, 2.]
p. 667, &c., and the original in the Appendixr, p.24, 38. THESSALONICENSIS. [PALAMAS.]
&c. This memoir, though crammed with miracu- There were several Gregorii among the old Syriac
lous stories,contains several notices of contemporary or Arabic writers, who may be traced in the Bibliopublic men and political events: and a considerable ti7eca Orientalis of Assamanni. [J. C. M.]'
extract of it is given by Combefis in the Historiae GREGO'RIUS NAZIANZE'NUS, the elder,
BAyzantiae Scriptores post Theophanem, fol. Paris, was bishop of Nazianzus in Cappadocia for about
A. D. 1685. It precedes, in that work, the Chro- forty-five years, A. D. 329-374, and father of the
nicon of Symeon Magister. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. celebrated Gregory Nazianzen. He was a person
x. p. 206; Cave, Hist. Litt. ii. p. 69; Acta Sanctor., of rank, and he held the highest magistracies in
Mariii, vol. iii., Proleg. ad Vit. S. Basilii.) Nazianzus without increasing his fortune. In
22. Of MYTILENE. A homily, In Jesu Passi- religion, he was originally a hypsistarian, a sect
onem, by Gregory of Mytilene, is given by Gretser, who derived their name from their acknowledgment
with a Latin version, in his collection, De Cruce. of one supreme God ({iS4le-ros), and whose religion
(Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. x. p. 245.):seems, from what little is known of it, to have
23, 24. NAZIANZENUS. [See below.] been a sort of compound of Judaism and. Magian25. Of NEOCAESAREIA.' [See below, GRE- ism with other elements. He was converted to
GORIUS THAUMATURGUS.] Christianity by the efforts and prayers of his wife
26. Of NICAEA. [See below, No. 35.] Nonna, aided by a miraculous dream, and by the
27. Of NYssA. [See below.] teaching of certain bishops, who passed through
28. PALAMAS. [PALAMAS.]' Nazianzus, on their way to the council of Nicaea,
29. PARDUS. [PARDUS.] A. D. 325. His baptism was marked by omens,
30. PATzo. Nicolaus Comnenus Papadopoli which were soon fulfilled in his elevation to the
rites the exposition of the Novellae of the later see of Nazianzus, about A. D. 329. He governed
Byzantine emperors, by Gregorius Patzo, who held well, and resisted Arianism. His eldest son, Grethe office of Logotheta Dromi (or LogothetaCursus), gory, was born after he became bishop. In 360 he