A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

EOS. EPAENETUS. 21'EINTOCHUS, a sculptor, whose Oceanus and mortals. (Hom. Od. v. 1, &c., xxiii. 244; Virg.
Jupiter were in the collection of Asinius Pollio. Aen. iv. 129, Geogy. i. 446; Hom. Hymen in Merc.
(Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 5. s. 4. ~ 10.) [P. S.1 185; Theocrit. ii. 148, xiii. 11.) In the Homeric
ENTO'RIA ('EvTopfa), the daughter of a Ro- poems Eos not only announces the coming Helios,
man countryman. Cronos (Saturn) who was once but accompanies him throughout the day, and her
hospitably received by him, became, by his fair career is not complete till the evening; hence she
daughter, the father of four sons, Janus, Hymnus, is sometimes mentioned where one would have exFaustus, and Felix. Cronos taught. the father the pected Helios (Od. v. 390, x. 144); and' the tragic
cultivation of the vine and the preparation of wine, writers completely identify her with Hemera, of
enjoining him to teach his neighbours the same. whom in later times the same myths are related as
This was done accordingly, but the country people, of Eos. (Paus. i. 3. ~ i, iii. 18. ~ 7.) The later
who became intoxicated with their new drink, Greek and the Roman poets followed, on the whole,
thought it to be poison; and stoned their neighbour the notions of Eos,.which Homer had established,
to death, whereupon his grandsons hung themselves and the splendour of a southern aurora, which
in their grief. At a much later time, when the lasts much longer than in our climate, is a favourite
Romans were visited by a plague, they were told topic' with the ancient poets. -Mythology repreby the Delphic oracle, that the plague was a punish- sents her as having carried off several youths disment for the outrage committed on Entoria's father, tinguished for their beauty. Thus she carried
and Lutatius Catulus caused a temple. to be erected away Orion, but the gods were angry at her for it,
to Cronos onthe Tarpeian rock, and in it an altar until Artemis with a gentle arrow killed him.
with four faces. (Plut. Parall.G r. etRom. 9.) [L.S.] (Hom. Od. v. 121.) According to Apollodorus (i.
ENYA'LIUS ('EvvaAhos), the warlike, fre- 4. ~ 4) Eos carried Orion to Delos, and was ever
quently occurs in the Iliad (never in the Odyssey) stimulated by Aphrodite. Cleitus, the son of
either as an epithet of Ares, or as a proper name Mantius, was carried by Eos to the seats of the
instead of Ares. (xvii. 211, ii. 651, vii. 166, viii. immortal gods (Od. xv. 250), and Tithonus, by
264, xiii. 519, xvii. 259, xviii. 309, xx. 69; comp. whom she became the mother of Emathion and
Pind. 01. xiii. 102, Nem. ix. 37.) At a later time, Memnon, was obtained in like.manner. She
however, Enyalius and Ares were distinguished as begged of Zeus to make him immortal, but forgot
two different gods of war, and Enyalius was looked to request him to add eternal youth. So long as
upon as a son of Ares and Enyo, or of Cronos and he was young and beautiful, she lived with him at
Rhea. (Aristoph. Pax, 457; Dionys. A. R. iii. the end of the earth, on the banks of Oceanus;
48; Eustath. ad Hornm. p. 944.) The name is and when he grew old, she nursed him, until at
evidently derived from Enyo, though one tradition length his voice disappeared and his body became
derived it from a Thracian Enyalius, who received quite dry. She then locked the body up in her
into his house those only who conquered him in chamber, or metamorphosed it into a cricket.
single combat, and for the same reason refused to (Hom. Hymn. in Ven. 218, &c.; Horat. Carm. i.
receive Ares, but the latter slew him. (Eustath. 22. 8, ii. 16. 30; Apollod. iii. 12. ~ 4; Hes.
ad Hornm. p. 673.) The, youths of Sparta sacrificed Theog. 984 Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i. 447, iii. 328,
young dogs to Ares under the name of Enyalius Aen. iv. 585.) When her son Memnon was going
(Paus. iii. 14. ~ 9), and near the temple of Hippo- to fight against Achilles, she asked Hephaestus to
sthenes, at Sparta, there stood the ancient fettered give her arms for him, and when Memnon was
statue of Enyalius. (Paus. iii. 15, ~ 5; comp. killed, her tears fell down in the form of mornARES.) Dionysus, too, is said to have been sur- ing'dew. (Virg. Aen. viii. 384.) By Astraeus
named Enyalius. (Macrob. Sat. i. 19.) [L. S.] Eos became the mother of Zephyrus, Boreas, NoE'NYO ('EvvuS), the goddess of war, who de- tus, Heosphorus, and the other stars. (Hesiod.
lights in bloodshed and the destruction of towns, T/teog. 378.) Cephalus'was carried away by her
and accompanies Mars in battles. (Hom. 11. v. from the summit of mount Hymettus to Syria, and
333, 592; Eustath. p. 140.) At Thebes and by him'she became the mother of Phaiiton or
Orchomenos, a festival called'O!uoAchi a was cele-. Tithonus, the father of Phaiiton; but afterwards
brated in honour of Zeus, Demeter, Athena and she restored her beloved to his wife Procris. (Hes.
jEnyo, and Zeus was said to have received the sur- Theog. 984; Apollod. iii. 14. ~ 3; Paus. i.
name of Homololus from Homolois, a priestess of 3. ~ 1; Ov. Met. vii. 703, &c.; Hygin. Fab.
Enyo. (Suid. s. v.; comp.' Muller, Orchom. p. 189; comp. CEPHALUS.) Eos was represented in.
229, 2nd edit.') A statue of Enyo, made by the the pediment of the kingly stoa at Athens in the
sons of Praxiteles, stood in the temple of Ares at act of carrying off Cephalus, and in the same
Athens. (Paus. i. 8. ~ 5.) Among the Graeae in manner she was seen on the throne of the AmyHesiod (Theog. 273) there is one called Enyo. claean Apollo. (Paus. i. 3. ~ 1, iii. 18. ~ 7.)' At
Respecting the Roman goddess of war see BEL- Olympia she was represented in the act of praying
LONA. [L. S.] to Zeus for Memnon. (v. 22. ~ 2.) In the works
EOS ('Hcss), in Latin Au}rora, the. goddess of of art still extant, she appears as a winged goddess
the morning red, who brings up the light of day or in a chariot drawn by four horses. [L. S.]
from the east. She was a daughter: of Hyperion EPACTAEUS or EPA'CTIUS ('Erarcrahos or
and Theia or Euryphassa, and a sister of He-'EirdKTrOS), that is, the god worshipped on the
lios and Selene. (Hes. T/leog. 371, &c.; Honm. coast, was'used as a surname of Poseidon in Samos
Hjmn in Sol. ii.) Ovid (Alet. ix. 420, Fast. iv. (Hesych. s..), and of Apollo. (Orph. Argon.
373) calls her a daughter of Pallas. At the close 1296; Apollon. Rhod. i. 404.) [L. S.]
of night she rose from the couch of her beloved EPAE'NETUS ('EvravesorS), a culinary author
Tithonus, and on a chariot drawn by the swift frequently referred to by Athenaeus, wrote one
horses Lampus and Phaiton she ascended up to. work "On Fishes" (Ilnpl'JXwvo, Athen. vii.
heaven from the river Oceanus, to announce'the p. 328, f.), and another " On the Art of Cookcoming light of the sun to the gods as well' as to ery ('UO+ap.rvTUKs, Athen. ii. p. 58, b., iii. p. 88,