A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

GREGORIUS. G REGORIUS. 309
twelfth vol. of the Bibliotheca Patrum of Gallandius. gory, but in all probability spurious. (AgathanVarious memorials, drawn up by Evagrius in the gelus, Vita S. Gregorii, with the Prolegomena of
name of Gregory, were contained in the lost volume Stillingus, in the Acta Sanctor. Sept. vol. viii. p.
of documents collected by Evagrius. [EvAGRIUS, 295, &c. Comp. Sozom. H. E. ii. 8; Theophan.
No. 3.] (Evagr. H. E. v. 6, 9, 18, vi. 4-7, 11 — Chronog. vol. i. p. 35; Cedren. Conpenad. vol. i.
13, 18, 24; Niceph. Callist. H. E. xvii. 36, xviii. p. 498, ed. Bonn.)
4, 12-16, 23, 26; Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. xi. p. 102; 7. Of ARMENIA. A second Gregory was patriCave, Hist. Litt. vol. i. p. 5341 &c.; Galland. Bibl. arch of Armenia about the end of the thirteenth
Patr. vol. xii. Prolgy. cxiii.) and commencement of the fourteenth century. He
6. Of ARMENIA. The memory of Gregory of was disposed to unite with the Roman rather than
Armenia is held in great reverence in the Eastern the Greek church. A letter of his to Hayton,
(i. e. Greek, Coptic, Abyssinian,- and Armenian) king of Armenia, is given in the Conciliatio Eochurches; and he is one of the saints of the Roman clesiae Armzeniae cum Romano of Galenus. (Cave,
Calendar. His festival is 30th Sept.; and the Hist. Litt. vol. ii. p. 337.)
Armenians commemorate him also on certain other 8. ASBESTAS. [See below, No. 35.]
days. There is every reasonto believe that Gregory 9. Of BAETICA, otherwise of ILLIBnnRI, 56
was the principal agent in the conversion of the called because he was bishop of Illiberis or Illiberi
Armenians to Christianity, though it is known that (now Elvira, near Granada), in the province of
others had preached Christianity in the Greater Baetica (now Andalusia), in Spain, was an eccleArmenia before him, and had made converts; but siastical writer of the fourth century. Jerome, who
until his labours the bulk of the nation continued mentions him in his Chronicon (ad Ann. 371), deto be heathens. We have, however, no authentic ac- scribes him as a Spanish bishop, a friend of Lucifer
count of him. A prolix life, professing to be written of Caralis (Cagliari), and a strenuous opponent of the
by Agathangelus, a contemporary, but which in- Arians, from whom, in the time of their ascendancy,
ternal evidence shows to be spurious, is given in he suffered much. The emperor Theodosius the
the Acta Sanctorunm of the Bollandists, Sept., vol. Great addressed an edict to Cynegius, praefect of
viii. An abridgment of this life, by a Latin writer the praetorium, desiring him to defend Gregory
of the middle ages, is given in the same collection. and others of similar views from the injuries offered
The work of Agathangelus was also abridged by to them by the heretics. Gregory was the author
Symeon Metaphrastes, a Latin version of whose of divers treatises, among which was one De Fide,
account is given in the De Probatis Sanctorum Vitis which Jerome characterises as " elegans libellus."
of Surius. In these accounts Gregory, whose place This work is supposed by Quesnel, editor of the
of birth is, not stated, is said to have been educated Codex Canonumn Romeanus, to be the third of the
at Caesareia, in Cappadocia, where he was in- "tres Fidei Formulae" contained in that work, and
structed in the Christian religion. Having entered which bears an inscription ascribing it improperly
into the service of the Armenian king, Teridates or to Gregory Nazianzen. The work De Fide contra
Tiridates (apparently Tiridates III.), then an exile Arianos given in some editions of the Bibliotheca
in the Roman empire, he was, on the restoration of Patrznm, under the name of Gregory.of Baetica is
that prince, subjected to severe persecution because really by Faustinus. [FAUSTINUS.] The pseudo
he refused to join in the worship of idols. A ca- Flavius Dexter identifies this Gregory of Baetica
lamity, which was regarded as a punishment for this with Gregory, praefect of the praetorium in Gaul.
persecution, induced Tiridates to place himself and [See above, GREGORIUS, historical, No. 3.] (Hiehis people under the instruction of Gregory. The ronymus, Ghronicon, 1. c., De Viris Illustr. c. 105;
result was the conversion of maniy people, and the Cave, Hist. Litt. vol. i. p. 235; Tillemont, PI16erection of churches, and Gregory, after a journey moires, vol. x. 727, &c.)
to Caesareia to receive ordination, returned as me- 10. Of CARSAREIA. Gregory lived about A. D.
tropolitan into Armenia, baptized Tiridates and his 940, at the Cappadocian Caesareia: he was a presqueen and many other persons, built new churches, byter, apparently of the church there. He wrote,
and established schools. He afterwards quitted 1. Vita Sancti GCrelgoii Nrazianzeni. A Latin
the court, and retired to solitude, frequently, how- version of this life (which is chiefly derived from
ever, visiting the Armenian churches. Some mo- notices in`the works of Nazianzen himself) was
dern authorities style him martyr, but apparently made by Billius, and prefixed to his edition of the
without any foundation. The conversion of the works of Nazianzen. Billius cites an ancient MS.
Armenians took place about the beginning of the in the library of St. Denis as an authority for the
fourth century, and Gregory was still living at the statement that a Latin version, which he charactime of the first Nicene council, A. D. 3-25, to which terises as barbarous, was made by a certain Anasone of his sons was sent, apparently as representing tasius, about A. D. 960; and considers that if this
the Armenian churches. Many discourses, profess- statement is correct, the authorship of the work
edly by Gregory, are given in the work of Aga- must be ascribed to an earlier Gregory; but this
thangelus: they are for the most part omitted by inference seems hardly necessary. The version of
Symeon Metaphrastes.' A discourse, extant in the Billius is given in the De Probatis Sanctor:un Vitis,
Armenian tongue, and entitled Encomium Sancti of Surius, Maii, p. 121 &c. Some of our authorities.
Grer'ii Armenorum Iluminatoris, is ascribed to state that the Greek original is given in the Acta
Chrysostom; but is regarded as spurious by nearly Sanctorum of the Bollandists, M4aii, vol. ii. p. 7665;
all critics, and among'them by Montfaucon, who but this is a mistake, the piece given there is not the
has, however, given the Latin version of it in his Life by Gregory, but an anonymous panegyric. The
edition of Chrysostom's works, vol. xii..p: 822, &c. author of the Life wrote also, 2. Scholia in OraIn the Biographlie Universelle, a pretty full account tiones XVI. Nazianzeni, which are quoted by Elias
of Gregory is given, but the sources are not stated. of Crete; but the age of Elias himself [ELIAS,
It is there said that there are several homilies No. 5], which is variously fixed from the sixth to.
extant in the Armenian tongue, ascribed to Gre- the twelfth century, is too uncertain to aid in dex3