A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

278' GLYCON. GNAEUS.
the archbishops of Milan mentioned by Ennodius, statue of Heracles, which is commonly called the
and Gibbon, though with some hesitation, identifies " Farnese Hercules." It was found in the baths of
the archbishop with the ex-emperor, and suggests Caracalla, and, after adorning the Farnese palace
that his promotion to Milan was the reward of his for'some time, it was removed, with the other
participation in the death of Nepos; but we much works of art belonging to that palace, to the royal
doubt whether the two were identical. (Marcelli- museum at Naples: it represents the hero resting
nus, Marius Aventicensis and Cassiodorus, Chron.; on his club, after one of his labours. The swollen
Jornand. de Reb. Get. c. 56, de Reyn. Succ. p. muscles admirably express repose after severe ex58, ed. Lindenbrogii, Hamb. 1611; Malchus and ertion. The right hand, which holds the golden
Candidus, apud Phot. Bibl. codd. 78, 79; Evagr. apples, is modern: the legs also were restored by
H. E. ii. 16; Ennod. Epiplian. Ticin. Vita and Gulielmo dellaPorta, but the original legs were disCarmina apud Sirmond. Opera Varia, vol. i.; covered and replaced in 1787. The name of the
Excerpta Ignoti Auctoris, subjoined to Amm. artist is carved on the rock, which forms the main
Marc., by Valesius and other editors; Eckhel; support of the statue;, as follows:Tillemont, Hist. des Emp. vol. vi.; Gibbon, rATKW)
c. 36.) [J. C. M.] AOHAIOC
GLYCIS, JOANNES ('Iwcdvvs o rAvxLs), or AOHIOC
perhaps also GLYCAS (rAvrKis), patriarch of
Constantinople from 1316 to 1320, was a scholar Though no ancient writer mentions Glycon,
of great learning, and renowned for his oratorical there can be no doubt that he lived in the period
attainments. He was the teacher of Nicephorus between Lysippus and the early Roman emperors.
Gregoras, the historian, who speaks of him with The form of the Omega, in his name, which was
great praise in several passages of his History. not used in inscriptions till shortly before the
Glycis resigned his office, worn out by age, sick- Christian era, fixes his age more definitely, for
ness, and labour, and retired to the convent of Cy- there is no reason to doubt the genuineness of the
notissa, living there upon a small sum of money, inscription. The silence of Pliny suggests a doubt
which was all that he had reserved for himself out whether Glycon did not live even later than the
of his extensive property. reign of Titus.
Glycis wrote in a superior style, and endeavoured At all events, it seems clear that the original
to purify the Greek language from those barbarisms type of the " Hercules Farnese " was the Heracles
with which it was then crowded. He was not of Lysippus, of which there are several other imionly distinguished as a scholar and divine, but also tations, but none equal to the Farnese. One of
as a statesman. The emperor sent him as ambas- the most remarkable is the Hercules of the Pitti
sador to Rome, and Glycis wrote an account of his palace, inscribed ATZIIIIOT EPrON, but this injourney thither, of which Nicephorus Gregoras scription is without doubt a forgery, though prospeaks with great praise, but which is unfortunately bably an ancient one. (Winckelmann, Geschichte
lost. His other works are, a Greek grammar, ex- d. Kunst, b. x. c. 3, ~ 18; Meyer, Kunstgeschichte,
tant in MS. in various libraries, entitled IIepl'Op- vol. iii. pp. 58-61; Miiller, Archaiol. d. Kunst,
OdlT7ros'tr,7rdews. He has also left some minor ~ 129, n. 2. ~ 160, n. 5; Mus. Borbon. vol. iii.
productions; such as'H 7rapai'7erLs T'ro IaTrpLap- pl. 23, 24; Miiller, Denknzil. d. Alt. Kunst, vol. i.
Xefov, in which he explains the motives that in- p1. xxxviii.)
duced him to resign the patriarchate, and'Tro- The only other remaining work of Glycon is a
MVo71'TK-P, esi'rrV B 3aLkea rV- dyIov, an admoni- base in the Biscari museum at Catania, inscribed:
tion to the holy emperor, viz. Michael Palaeologus, A
extant in MSS.' in the Royal Library in Paris.
(;Wharton's Appendixto Cave's Hist. Lit. p. 21,
ad an. 1316; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. (Raoul-Rochette, Lettre a' M. Schon, p. 75.)
520; Jahn, Anecd. Graeca, Praef. p. 1.) [W. P.] 2. The engraver of a gem in the royal library
GLYCON (rAdKc6o). 1. A lyric poet, from at Paris. (Clarac, Description des Antiques du
whom the Glyconean metre took its name. No- Musie Royal, p. 420.) [P. S.]
thing remains of him but three lines, which are GLYCON (r5icawv), called in some editions of
quoted by Hephaestion in illustration of the metre. Cicero Glaucon, the physician to the consul, C. Vi(Ench. p. 33. ) bins Pansa, who upon his death, after the battle of
2. The author of an epigram in the Greek An- Mutina, April, B. c. 43, was thrown into prison by
thology. (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 278; Jacobs, Torquatus, Pansa's quaestor, upon a suspicion of
Anth. Graec. vol. ii. p. 254, vol. xiii. p. 898.) having poisoned his wounds. (Sueton. Aug. 11;
3. Another name for the philosopher LycoN. comp. Tac. Ann. i. 10.) This accusation,however,
(Diog. Laiirt. v. 65.) seems to have been unfounded, as there is extant a
4. Of Pergamus, a celebrated athlete, on whom letter from M. Brutus to Cicero, in which he' earAntipater ofThessalonicawroteanepitaph. (Brunck, nestly begs him to procure his liberation, and to
Anal. vol. ii. p. 126, No. 68; Anth. Palat. x. 124; protect him from injury, as being a worthy man, who
Horat. Ep. i. 1, 30.) suffered as great a loss as any one by Pansa's death,
5. A grammarian, ridiculed in an epigram by and who, even if this had not been the case, would
Apollinaris. (Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 283, Anth. neverhave allowedhimself tobe persuaded tocommit
Palat. xi. 399.) such a crime. (Cic. ad Brat. 6.) He is perhaps the
6. Spiridion, or Scyridicus, a rhetorician men- same person who is quoted by Scribonius Largus.
tioned by Quintilian (Inst. vi. 1. ~ 41), and fre- (De Compos. Medicam. c. 206.) [W. A. G.]
quently by Seneca. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. GNAEUS, or CNEIUS (rvanos), an engraver
p. 122, vol. vi. p. 130.) [P. S.] of gems, contemporary with Dioscorides, in the time
~GLYCON (r4K'usw). I. An Athenian sculptor, of Augustus. Several beautiful gems are inscribed
known to us by his magnificent colossal marble with his name. (1Alus. Florent. vol. ii. tab. 7;