A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

GLAUCUS. GLAUCUS, 275
Nachtrag,p.175,Die Griech. Tragoed. vol.; i.pp.30, the subject of separate dramatic compositions.
52.) (Welcker, Die GWiech. Tragoed, vol. i. pp. 62, 416,
2. A son of Hippolochus, and grandson of Bel- vol. ii. p. 767, &c.)
lerophontes. He was a Lycian prince, and led his 7. Of Anthedon in Boeotia, a fisherman, who
hosts from Xanthus to the assistance of Priam in had the good luck to eat a part of the divine herb
the war with the Greeks. (Hom. II. ii. 875, vi. which Cronos had sown, and which made Glaucus
206; Herod. i. 147.) lie was one of the most immortal. (Athen. vii. c. 48; Claud. de Nupt. Mar.
eminent heroes on the side of the Trojans, and x. 158.) His parentage is different in the different
connected with Diomedes by ties of hospitality, traditions, which are enumerated by Athenaeus;
which shows a very early intercourse between the some called his father Copeus, others Polybus,
Greeks and Lycians. (Hom. I1. vii. 13, xii, 387, the husband of Euboea, and others again Anthexiv. 426, xvi. 492, &c., xvii. 140, &c.) He was don or Poseidon. He was further said to have
slain by Ajax, but his body was carried back to been a clever diver, to have built the ship Argo,
Lycia. (Quint. Smyrn. Paralip. iii. 236, iv. 1, and to have accompanied the Argonauts as their
&c.) steersman, In the sea-fight of Jason against the
3. A son of Antenor, fought in the Trojan Tyrrhenians, Gkaucus alone remained unhurt; he
war, and was slain by the Telamonian Ajax. sank to the bottom of the sea, where he was visible
(Paus. x. 27; Dict. Cret. iv. 7.) to none save to Jason. From this moment he be4. One of the numerous sons of Priam. (Apol- came a marine deity, and was of service to the Arlad. iii. 12. ~ 13.) gonauts. The story of his sinking or leaping into
5. A son of the Messenian king Aepytus, whom the sea was variously modified in the different trahe succeeded on the throne. He distinguished ditions. (Bekker, Anecdot. p. 347; Schol. ad Plat.
himself by his piety towards the.gods, and was the de Leg. x. p. 611.) There was a belief in Greece
first who offered sacrifices to Machaon. (Paus. iv. that once in every year Glaucus visited all the
3. ~ 6.) coasts and islands, accompanied by marine mons6. One of the sons of the Cretan king Minos by ters, and gave his prophecies. (Paus. ix. 22. ~ 6,)
Pasiphae or Crete. When yet a boy, while he Fishermen and sailors paid particular reverence to
was playing at ball (Hygin. Fab. 136), or while him, and watched his oracles, which were believed
pursuing a mouse (Apollod. iii. 3. ~ 1, &c.), he fell to be very trustworthy. The story of his various
into a cask full of honey, and died in it. Minos loves seems to have been a favourite subject with
for a long time searched after his son in vain, and the ancient poets, and many of his love adventures
was at length informed, by Apollo or the Curetes are related by various writers. The place of his
that the person who should devise the most appro- abode varies in the different traditions, but Arispriate comparison between a cow, which could totle stated that he dwelt in Delos, where, in conassume three different colours, and any other ob- junction with the nymphs, he gave oracles; for his
ject, should find the boy and restore him to his prophetic power was said by some to be even
father. Minos assembled his soothsayers, but as greater than that of Apollo, who is called his disnone of them was able to do what was required, a ciple in it. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 1310;
stranger, Polyidus of Argos, solved the problem Tzetz. ad LycophL. 753; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 271;
by likening the cow to a mulberry, which is at Ov. Met. xiii. 904, &c.; Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i.
first white, then red, and in the end black. Po- 437, Aen. iii. 420, v. 832, vi. 36; Strab. p. 405.)
lyidus, who knew nothing of the oracle, was thus A representation of Glaucus is described by Phicompelled by his own wisdom to restore Glaucus to lostratus (Imag. ii. 15): he was seen as a man
his father. By his prophetic powers he discovered whose hair and beard were dripping with water,
that Glaucus had not perished in the sea, and with bristly eye-brows, his breast covered with
being guided by an owl (-yAaVO) and bees, he sea-weeds, and the lower part of the body ending
found him in the cask of honey. (Aelian, H. A. v. in the tail of a fish. (For further descriptions of his
2.) Minos now further demanded the restoration appearance, see Nonn. Dionys. xiii. 73, xxxv. 73,
of his son to life. As Polyidus could not accom- xxxix. 99; Schol. ad Eurip. Orest. 318, 364
plish this, Minos, who attributed his refusal to Stat. Silv. iii. 2, 36, TlIeb. vii. 335, &c.; Vell.
obstinacy, ordered him to be entombed alive with Pat. ii. 83.) This deified Glaucus was likewise
the body of Glaucus. When Polyidus was thus chosen by the Greek poets as the subject of drashut up in the vault, he saw a serpent approaching matic compositions (Welcker, Die Aesckgyl. Trithe dead body, and killed the animal. Presently logie, pp. 311, &c., 471,:&Ci, Nachtrag, p. 176,
another serpent came, carrying a herb, with which &c.), and we know from Velleius Paterculus that
it covered the dead serpent. The dead serpent was the mimus Plancus represented this marine daemon
thereby restored to life, and when Polyidus co- on the stage. [L. S.]
vered the body of Glaucus with the same herb, GLAUCUS:(rhAaKos), the son of Epicydes, a
the boy at once rose into life again. Both Lacedaemonian, of whom an anecdote is related by
shouted for assistance from without; and when Herodotus (vi. 86) that in consequence of his
Minos heard of it, he had the tomb opened. In having the highest reputation for justice, a Mihis delight at having recovered his child, he muni- lesian deposited with him a large sum of money;
ficently rewarded Polyidus, and sent him back to but when, many years afterwards, the sons of the
his country. (Comp. Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 811; Pa- owner came to demand back their property, Glaulaephat. 27; Apollod. iii. 10. ~ 3; Schol. ad Eu- cus refused to give up the money, and disclaimed
rip. Alcest. 1; Hygin. P. A. ii. 14; Schol. ad all knowledge of the transaction. Before, howPind. Pyth. iii. 96.) The story of the Cretan ever, he ventured to confirm his falsehood by an
Glaucus and Polyidus was a favourite subject with oath, he consulted the oracle at Delphi, and,.
the ancient poets and artists; it was not only re- terrified at the answer he received, immediately
presented in mimic dances (Lucian, de Saltat. 49), restored the deposit. But the god did not suffer
but Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides made it the meditated perjury to go unpunished, and the
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