A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

274 GLAUCON..GLAUCUS.
(Vit. x.- Orat. p. 848), who calls him a rhetor, to him one of the speakers in the republic. He is'
have written orations, one of which, viz. against also introduced as a speaker in Xenophon's MemoPhocion, is mentioned by Plutarch himself. (Phoc. rabilia (iii. 6). Suidas (s. v. rIAedwv) calls him
4; comp. Athen. xiii. p. 590; Suid. s. v. r'avK7r- Glaucus. (See also Diog. Lagrt. iii. 4; Plut.
7ros; Phot. Bibl. Cod. 266. p. 495, ed. Bekker.) de Frat. Amor. p. 484, e.) In Plato's Parmenides
Whether he is the same as the rhetorician Glau- also, Glaucon is one of the speakers;. but a doubt
cippus, of whom a fragment is preserved by Seneca has been raised whether this is not a different
(Controv. iv. 25), or as tile Glaucippus who wrote person, on the ground of an anachronism which
on the Sacra of the Athenians (Macrob. at. i. the passage contains. Considering, however, the
i3), is uncertain. [L. S.] frequency of anachronisms in Plato, it seems most
GLAUCON (rAaKovw), anAthenian mentioned probable that this Glaucon is his brother. (Comp.
by Teles (ap. Stob. Floril. vol. ii. p. 82. ed Gaisf.), Heindorf. ad Plat. Parmen. p. 126.) There is,
who appears to have borne a distinguished part in perhaps, more doubt about the Glaucon who is one
the last struggle of the Athenians against Antigonus of the speakers in the Symposium (p. 172, c.).
Gonatas, known by the name of the Chremonidean It is universally believed that this Glaucon is the
war, B. c. 263. After its termination he fled, Athenian philosopher mentioned by Diogenes La,
together with Chremonides, to the court of Ptolemy 6rtius, as the author of a book containing nine
Philadelphus, where he was received with great dialogues, entitled, @eLsbAos, Evpm8ris,'A/JvT1lXos,
honour, and rose to a high place in the king's con- EtOlas, AvoOteol671s,'ApTo'refdv7rs, Keqpaaor,'Avatifidence. Droysen (Hellenism. vol. ii. p. 206) sup- q5-4tos, MevkeSvos. Thirty-two other dialogues,
poses him to be the same Glaucon that is mentioned which were ascribed to him, are designated as spuby Pythermus (ap. Athen. ii. p. 44) as a water- rious by Diogenes (ii. 124).
drinker, and who is there called one of the tyrants The following pedigree represents the relationof the Peiraeeus (ev ros ilepal6is'rvpavvseov0o); ships above referred to:but this expression is understood by Thirlwall, Execestides.
with more probability, to refer to the thirty tyrants I
of B. C. 404. (Thirlwall's Greece, vol. viii. p. 92 Solon. Dropides.
not.) [E. H. B.] Critas.
GLAUCON (rMaveKtov), an Athenian, who, I
together with his brother Glaucus, and Theo- Glaucon.
pompus, father of Macartatus, endeavoured by a Callaeshrus.
forged will to obtain possession of some property, I I I
to the exclusion of Phylomache, who was next of Ariston Perictione=Pyrilampes. Charmides. Critias.
kin to the deceased. The forgery was detected, I I
but the attempt was renewed by them successfully rIalto. Glacon. Adeimantus. Antiphon.
in another trial (6talraorla; see Didt. of Ant. s. v.), [P. S.]
which placed Theopompus in possession of the GLAUCO'NOME (rAauKvttodt), one of the
property (Dem. c. Macart. pp. 1051, 1052). The daughters of Nereus. (Hes. Theog. 256; Apollod.
speech of Demosthenes 7rpo's MaKtdpTaTo, was i. 2. ~ 7. [L.- S.]
written to recover it for Eubulides, the son of' GLAUCUS (rAac0cos). 1. A grandson of
Phylomache. [E. E.] Aeolus, son of Sisyphus and Merope, and father of
GLAUCON (rAav'Kov), grammarians. 1. An Bellerophontes. (Hom. II. vi. 154; Apollod. i. 9.
eminent rhapsodist, or expositor of Homer, men- ~ 3; Paus. ii. 4. ~ 2.) He lived at Potniae,
tioned by Plato, in conjunction with Metrodorus despised the power of Aphrodite, and did not
of Lampsacus, and Stesimbrotus of Thasos. (Ion. allow his mares to breed, that they might be the
p. 530, d.; see the notes of Miiller and Nitzsch.) stronger for the horse race. According to others,
2. A writer on Homer, quoted by Aristotle. (Poeit. he fed them with human flesh, for the purpose of
25: this is one of the passages which Ritter con- making them spirited and warlike. This excited
siders as the additions of a later writer: he believes the anger of Aphrodite or the gods in general, who
that Glaucon lived after Aristotle.) 3. Of Tarsus, punished him in this way:-when Acastus celealso a writer on Homer, and apparently the head brated the funeral games of his father, Pelias, at
of a grammatical school. He wrote a work en- Iolcus, Glaucus took part in them with a chariot
titled Acoaooat. (Schol. ad Homrn I. i. 1; Athen. and four horses; but the animals were frightened
xi. p. 480, f.) 4. Of Teos, a writer on recitation. and upset the chariot. (Paus. iii. 18. ~ 9, v. 17.
(Aristot. Rhet. iii. l.) Whether of the above ~ 4; Apollod. i. 9. ~ 28; Nonn. Dionys. xi. 143.)
writers, the first and second are the same as either According to others, they tore Glaucus to pieces,
the third or the fourth, or different from either, having drunk from the water of a sacred well in
it is impossible to determine. The first is supposed Boeotia, in consequence of which they were seized
by some to have been an Athenian, because Plato with madness; others, again, describe this maddoes not mention his country. (Comp. Villoisin, ness as the consequence of their having eaten a
Proleg. ad Horn. p. 25.). [P. S.] herb called hippomanes. (Hygin. Fab. 250, 273;
GLAUCON (rxae'a0v), relatives of Plato. 1. Schol. ad Eurip. Or. 318, Phoen. 1159; Strab.
The son of Critias, son of Dropides, was also the p. 409; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 269; Etym. Magn.
brother of Callaeschrus, and the father of Char- p. 685. 42; Paus. ix. 8. ~ i; Aelian, H. A. xv.
mides and of Plato's mother, Perictione; he was, 25; Virg. Georg. iii. 267.) It was believed on
consequently, uncle to Critias (the tyrant) on the the Corinthian isthmus that it was haunted by the
father's side,' and to Plato'on the mother's side. shade of Glaucus, who frightened the horses during
(Plat. passim; Xen. Mem. iii. 7. ~ 1; Heindorf, the race, and was therefore called TapdtUirMros.
ad Plat. Charm. p. 154.) (Paus. vi. 20. ~ 9.) Glaucus of Potniae (rIaviKos
2. The son of Ariston, and brother of Plato, floTre~vs) was the title of one of Aeschylus' lost
who, besides mentioning him elsewhere, makes tragedies. (Welcker, Die Aeschyl. Trilog. p. 561,