A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

270 GITIADAS. GLABRIO.
called the Brazen House, and hence the goddess the way in ivhich Gitiadas is mentioned with Calreceived the surname of XahAcooKIoY. Gitiadas Ion by Pausanias that he was his contemporary, and
made for this temple the statue of the goddess and he therefore flourished about B. C. 516. [CALLON.]
other works in bronze (most, if not all of which, He is the last Spartan artist of any distinction.
seem to have been bas-reliefs on the walls), repre- His teacher is unknown; but, as he flourished
senting the labours of Heracles, the exploits of the in the next generation but one after Dipoenus and
Tyndarids, Hephaestus releasing his mother from Scyllis, he may have learnt his art from one of
her chains, the Nymphs arming Perseus for his their pupils; perhaps from Theodorus of Samos,
expedition against Medusa, theBirth of Athena, and who lived a considerable time at Sparta. (Hirt.
A.mphitrite and Poseidon. The artist also served Gesch. d. Bild. Kennt. p. 108.) [P. S.]
the goddess as a poet, for he composed a hymn to GLABER, P. VARI'NIUS, praetor, B. c. 73.
her, besides other poems, in the Doric dialect. He was among the first of the Roman generals
(Paus. iii. 17. ~ 3.) sent against the gladiator Spartacus [SPARTACUS],
Gitiadas also made two of the three bronze tri- and both in his own movements and in those of his
pods at Amyclae. The third was the work of lieutenants he was singularly unfortunate. SparCallon, the Aeginetan. The two by Gitiadas were tacus repeatedly defeated Glaber, and once captured
supported by statues of Aphrodite and Artemis his war-horse and his lictors. But, although com(Paus. iii. 18. ~ 5). This last passage has been missioned by the senate to put down the insurrecmisinterpreted in two different ways, namely, as if tion of the slaves, Glaber had only a hastily levied
it placed the date of Gitiadas, on the one hand, as army to oppose to Spartacus, and a sickly autumn
high as the first or second Messenian War, or, on thinned its ranks. (Appian, B. C. i. 116; Plut.
the other hand, as low as the end of the Pelopon- Crass. 9; Frontin. Strat. i. 5. ~ 22.) Florus (iii.
nesian War. The true meaning of Pausanias has 20) mentions a Clodius Glaber; compare, however,
been explained by Muller (Aeginet. p. 100), and Plutarch (I. c.). [W. B. D.]'Thiersch (Epoc/ien, p. 146, &c., Anmerk. p. 40, GLA'BRIO, a family name of the Acilia Gens
&c.; comp. Hirt, in the A.maltlea, vol. i. p. 260). at Rome. The Acilii Glabriones were plebeian
The passage may be thus translated:-" But, as to (Liv. xxxv. 10, 24, xxxvi. 57), and first appear on
the things worth seeing at Amyclae, there is upon the consular Fasti in the year B. c. 191, from which
a pillar a pentathlete, by name Aenetus. * * time the name frequently occurs to a late period of
Of him, then, there is an image and bronze tri- the empire. The last of the Glabriones who held
pods. (But as for the other more ancient tripods, the consulate was Anicius Acilits Glabrio Faustus,
they are said to be a tithe* from the war against one of the supplementary consuls in A. D. 438.
the Messenians.) Under the first tripod stands an 1. C. ACILIUS GLABRJO, was quaestor in B. c,
image, of Aphrodite, but Artemis under the second: 203, and tribune of the plebs in 197, when he
both the tripods themselves and what is wrought brought forward a rogation for planting five colo.
upon them are the work of Gitiadas: but the third nies on the western coast of Italy, in order prois the work of the Aeginetan Callon: but under bably to repair the depopulation caused by the war
this stands an image of Cora, the daughter of De- with Hannibal. (Liv. xxxii. 29.) Glabrio acted
meter. But Aristander, the Parian, and Polyclei- as interpreter to the Athenian embassy in B. c.
tus, the Argive, made [other tripods]; the former 155, when the three philosophers, Carneades, Dioa woman holding a lyre, namely, Sparta; but genes, and Critolaus came as envoys to Rome.
Polycleitus made Aphrodite, surnamed' the Amy- [CARNEADES.] (Gell. vii. 14; Plut. Cat. MAaj. 22;
claean.' But these last tripods exceed the others Macrob. Sat. i. 5.) Glabrio was at this time adin size, and were dedicated from the spoils of the vanced in years, of senatorian rank; and Plutarch
victory at Aegospotami." That is, there were at calls him a distinguished senator (I. c.). He wrote
Amyclae three sets of tripods, first, those made in Greek a history of Rome from the earliest
from the spoils of the (first or second) Messenian period to his own times. This work is cited by
War, which Pausanias only mentions parenthe- Dionysius (iii. 77), by Cicero (de OJf. iii. 32), by
tically; then, those which, with the statue, formed Plutarch (Romul. 21), and by the author de Orig.
the monument of the Olympic victor Aenetus, made Gent. Rom. (c. 10. ~ 2). It was translated into Latin
by Gitiadas and Callon; and, lastly, those made by by one Claudius, and his version is cited by Livy,
Aristander and Polycleitus out of the spoils of the under the titles of Annales Aciliani (xxv. 39) and
battle of Aegospotami. But in another passage Libri Aciliani (xxxv. 14). We perhaps read a
(iv. 14. ~ 2), Pausanias appears to say distinctly passage borrowed or adapted from the work of Glathat the tripods at Amyclae, which were adorned brio in Appian (Syriac. 10). Atilius Fortunatiwith the images of Aphrodite, Artemis, and Cora, anus (de Art. Metric. p. 2680, ed. Putsch) ascribes
were dedicated by the Lacedaemonians at the end the Saturnian verse
of the first Messenian War. There can, however,
be little doubt that the words from'Apors "Fundit, fugat, prosternit maximas legiones,"
be little doubt that the words from'Adppoem'T71r
to?vTaOoa, are the gloss (which afterwards crept to an Acilius Glabrio. (Krause, Vet. Hist. Rom.
into the text) of some commentator who misunder- Fragm. p. 84.)
stood the former passage. Another argument that 2. M'. ACILIUS, C. F. L. N. GLABRIO, was triGitiadas cannot be placed nearly so high as the first bune of the plebs in B. c. 201, when he opposed the
Messenian War is derived from the statement of claim of Cn. Corn. Lentulus, one of the consuls of
Pausanias (iii. 17. ~ 6) that the Zeus of Learchus that year, to the province of Africa, which a
of Rhegium was the oldest work in bronze at unanimous vote of the tribes had already decreed
Sparta. to P. Scipio Africanus I. (Liv. xxx. 40.) In the
These difficulties being removed, it is clear from following year Glabrio was appointed commissioner
of sacred rites (decemvir sacrorum) in the room of
According to the reading of Jacobs and Bek- M. Aurelius Cotta, deceased (xxxi. 50). He was
ker, 8ctad'rrv for SKmca. praetor in B. C. 196, having presided at the Pie