A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

268 GILDO. GISCO.
pire. His father, Nubel, was a man of power and who had managed to escape to the sea, was driven
influence " velut regulus," among the Moorish pro- by contrary winds into the harbour of Tabraca,
vincials, and left several sons, legitimate and illegi- and being taken and imprisoned, put an end to his
timate, of whom Firmus, Zamma, Gildo, Mascezel own life by hanging himself (A. D. 398).
(written also Mascizel and Mascezil, and, by Zosi- If any confidence may be placed in the representmus, Maoxce'AK Xos), Dius, Salmaces, and Mazuca, ations of Claudian, Gildo was a tyrant detestable
and a daughter, Cyria, are mentioned by Am- alike for cruelty, lust, and avarice: the poet
mianus Marcellinus. Zamma, who was intimate describes him as worn out with age at the time of
with Count Romanus, was killed by Firmus; and his revolt. He was a Pagan, but his wife and
the persecution which this murder provoked Ro- his daughter Salvina (who had been married somemanus to institute drove Firmus into revolt (A. D. where about A. D. 390 to Nebridius, nephew of
372). The revolt, in which Firmus was supported Flacilla [FLACILLA], first wife of the emperor
by his sister Cyria and by all his brothers, except Theodosius the Great, and had been left a widow
Gildo, was quelled by the Count Theodosius, with two children,) were ladies of approved piety,
father of the emperor Theodosius the Great. Ma- as was also Cyria, sister of Gildo, who had devoted
zuca was mortally wounded and taken in the herself to a life of perpetual virginity.
course of the war, and Firmus destroyed himself. Mascezel did not long survive his brother. He
Gildo rendered good service to Theodosius in this was received by Stilicho on his return with appawar, and thus apparently paved the way for his rent honour and real jealousy, and while crossing
future advancement. a bridge, apparently at Milan, among the retinue
He subsequently attained the offices of Comes of Stilicho, was, by his order, shoved, as if acciAfricae, and Magister utriusque militiae per Afri- dentally, into the river, carried away by the stream,
cam. If we can trust to an expression of Claudian, and drowned. Orosius regards his death as a divine
that Africa groaned under his government for judgment for his having been puffed up with pride
twelve years, his appointment to these offices must at his victory, and having forsaken the society of the
date from about A. D. 386, in the reign of Valen- monks and religious persons with whom he before
tinian II. How he acted when Africa was seized kept company, and especially. for having dragged
by the rebel Maximus, A. D. 387 or 388, is not some accused persons out of a church, where they
known; but from his continuing to hold the govern- had taken sanctuary. This change of demeanour
ment of the province after the revolt of Maximus was excites a suspicion that his former exercises of
quelled, itis probable that he continued faithful. The piety were a feint to excite the enthusiasm of his
Codex Theodosianus (9. tit. 7. s. 9) shows that he own army, or act upon the superstitious fears of
possessed his high offices in A. D. 393. In the war of his opponents. (Amm. Marc. xxix. 5; Oros. vii.
Tlleodosius against Arbogastes and Eugenius (A. D. 36; Zosim. v. 11; Marcellin. ChLron.; Claudian,
394), Gildo acted very ambiguously. It is pro- de Bell. Gildon., and de Laudibus Stiliclsonis, lib. i.;
bable that he professed allegiance to Theodosius, Hieronymus, Epist. lxxxv., ad Salvizam, vol. iv.
but did not send to him any contributions of col. 663, ed. Benedict; Tillemont, Hist. des Emp.
ships, money, or men. Claudian intimates that vol. v.; Gibbon, c. 29.) [J. C. M.]
Theodosius, irritated by this, proposed to attack GILLO. 1. Q. FULVIUS GILLO, a legate of
him, but was prevented by death. Scipio Africanus I., in Africa, by whom he was
In A. D. 397 Gildo was instigated by Eutropius sent to Carthage in B. C. 203. Gillo was praetor in
the eunuch to transfer his allegiance and that of B. c. 200, and obtained Sicily as his province.
his province from the western to -the eastern em- (Liv. xxx. 21, xxxi. 4, 6.)
pire, and the emperor Arcadius accepted him as a 2. CN. FULVIUS (GILLO), probably a son of the
subject. Stilicho, guardian of Honorius, was not preceding, was praetor in B. C. 167, and had the
disposed quietly to allow this transfer, and the province of Hispania Citerior. (Liv. xlv. 16.)
matter was laid before the Roman senate, which GILLUS (riAhos), a Tarentine, ransomed the
proclaimed Gildo an enemy, and denounced war Persian nobles, who had been sent by Dareius
against him. Just about this time, Mascezel, brother Hystaspis on an exploring expedition with DEMoof Gildo, either disapproving his revolt, or having CEDES, and who, on their return from Crotona, had
had his life attempted by him, fled into Italy, leav- been cast on the Iapygian coast, and reduced to
ing in Africa two sons, who were serving in the slavery. Dareius offered Gillus any recompence he
army there, and whom Gildo forthwith put to pleased, whereupon he requested the king's interdeath. Mascezel, who had shown soldierly qua- position to restore him to his native city, from
lities in the revolt of Firmus, was placed by Sti- which he had been banished; and he begged at the
licho at the head of the troops (apparently 5000 in same time that this might be effected quietly
number, though Zosimus speaks of"ample forces"), through the mediation of the Cnidians, between
sent against Gildo (A. D. 398). Mascezel, who whom and the Tarentines there was friendship,
was a Christian, took with him several monks; and arising probably from their common origin. The
his prayers, fastings, and other religious exercises, attempt to procure his recal was made without
were very constant. He landed in Africa, and success. (Herod. iii. 138; Miiller, Dor. i. 6.
marched to a place between Thebeste in Numidia ~ 12.) [E. E.]
and Metridera in Africa Proper, where he was met GISCO or GISGO (rioaKc or r~fKwv). 1. A
by Gildo, who, though not yet fully prepared for son of the Hamilcar who was killed in the battle
defence, had assembled an irregular army of 70,000 of Himera, B. c. 480. In consequence of the camen, partly Roman troops who had revolted with lamity suffered by the Carthaginians under his
him, partly a motley assembly of African tribes. father's command, Gisco was compelled to quit his
Mascezel, whose enthusiasm was excited by a native city, and spend his life in exile at Selinus.
idream, in which St. Ambrose, lately deceased at He was father of the Hannibal who commanded
Milan, appeared to him and promised him victory, the second Carthaginian expedition to Sicily, B. C.
easily routed the forces of his brother; and Gildo, 409. (Diod. xiii. 43; Just. xix. 2.)