A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

262 G-ERMANICUS: GERMANUS.
space reserved for the priests, of Apollo, that his toire de Caesar Germanicuzs, 12io. Leyden, 1741;
statue in ivory should be carried in procession at Caesar Germanicus, ein Historiscles Gemnalde, 8vo.
the opening of the games of the Circus, and that the Stendal, 1796; F. Hoffmann, Die vier Feldzilge
flamines and augurs who succeeded him should be des Germanicus in Deutschlland, 4to. Gitting.
taken from the JuliB gens. A public tomb was 1816; Niebuhr, Lect. on the Hist. of Roen. vol. ii.
built for him at Antioch. A triumphal arch was Lect. 61.) [J. T. G.]
erected in his honour, on Mount Amanus, in Syria,
with an inscription recounting his achievements,
and stating that he had died for his country; and
other monuments to his memory were constructed
at Rome, and on the banks of the Rhine. The
original grief broke out afresh when Agrippina IIP E
arrived in Italy with. his ashes, which were deposited in the tomb of Augustus. But the Roman
people were dissatisfied with the stinted obsequies
with which, on this occasion, the ceremony was
conducted by desire of Tiberius. (Tac. Ann. ii.
83, iii. 1-6.) COIN OF GERMANICUS.
By Agrippina he had nine children, three -of
whom died young, while the others survived him. GERMA'NUS. i. One of the commanders of
(Steinma Drusorum, vol. i. p. 1077; Suet. Cal. 7.) the expedition sent by the emperor Theodosius II.,
Of those who survived, the most notorious were the A. D. 441, to attack the Vandals in Africa. (Prosemperor Caius' Caligula, and Agrippina, the mother per. Aquit. Chron.)
of Nero. 2. The patrician, a nephew of the emperor JusHe was an author of some repute, and not only tinian I. He was grown up at the time of Justian. orator but a poet. (Suet. Cal. 3; Ov. Fast. nian's accession (A. D. 527), for soon after that he
i. 21, 25, Ex Pont. ii. 5, 41, 53, iv. 8, 68; Plin. was appointed commander of the troops in Thrace,
H. N. viii. 42.) Of the Greek comedies (mentioned and almost annihilated a body of Antae, a Slavonic
by Suetonius) which he composed, we have no nation who had invaded that province. He
fiagments left, but the remains of his Latin trans- was sent into Africa on occasion of the mutiny
lation of the P/iaenomena. of Aratus evince consider- of the troops there under Tzotzas, after the reable skill in versification, and are superior in merit covery of that province from the Vandals by Belito the similar work of Cicero.'By some critics the sarius, who had been called away into Sicily by
authorship of this work has been, without sufficient the mutinous temper of the army in that island.
cause, denied to Germanicus. (Barth. Advers. x. Germanus was accompanied by Domnicus, or
21.) The early scholia appended to this trans- Domnichus, and Symumachus, men of skill, who
lation have been attributed, without any certainty, were sent with him apparently as his advisers.
now to Fulgentius, and now to Caesius or Cal- On his. arrival at Carthage (A. D. 534) he found
pulnius Bassus. They contain a citation from that two thirds of the army were with the rebel
Prudentius. We have also fragments of his Dio- Tzotzas (TO'raPr, as Theophanes writes the nane;
semneia or Prognostica, a physical poem, compiled in Procopius it is Stotzas, TJrd&as), and that the
from Greek sources. Of the epigrams ascribed to remainder were in a very dissatisfied state. By
him, that on the Thracian boy (Mattaire, Corpus his mildness, he assuaged the discontent of his
Poetarum, ii. 1547) has been much admired, but it troops; and on the approach of Tzotzas, marched
is an example of a frigid conceit. (Burmann. An- out, drove him away, and overtaking him in his
thol. Lat. ii. 103, v. 41; Brunck. Analect. vol. ii. retreat, gave him so decisive a defeat at KdAAas
p. 285.) The remains of Germanicus were first Bci'apas, i. e. Scalas Veteres, in Numidia, as to put
printed at Bononia, fol. 1474, then at Venice, fol. an end to the revolt, and to compel Tzotzas to flee
1488 and 1499, in aedibus Aldi. A very good into Mauritania. A second attempt at mutiny
edition was published by the well-known Hugo was made at Carthage by Maximus; but it was
Grotius, when he was quite a youth, with plates of repressed by Germanus, who punished Maximus
the constellations, to illustrate the phaenomena of by crucifying or impaling him at Carthage. GerAratus, 4to, Leyden, 1600. There are also editions manus was shortly after (about A. D. 539 or 540)
in the Carmina Familiae Caesareae, by Schwarz, recalled by Justinian to Constantinople. Imme8 vo. Coburg, 1715, and by C. F. Schmid, 8vo. Liine- diately after his return from Africa he was sent to
burg, 1728. The latest edition is that of J. C. Orelli, defend Syria against Chosroes, or Khosru I., king of
at the end of his Phaedrus, 8vo. Zurich, 1831. Persia; but his forces were inadequate for that
The eventful life and' tragic death of Germanicus, purpose, and, after leaving a portion of his troops
embellished by the picturesque narrative of Tacitus, to garrison Antioch, which was, however, taken
have rendered him a favourite hero of the stage. by Chosroes (A. D. 539 or 540), he withdrew into
There is an English play, with the title " Germani-'Cilicia. After this Germanus remained for some
cus, a tragedy, by a Gentleman of the University of time without any prominent employment. Either
Oxford," 8vo. London, 1775. Germanicus also his ill success in Syria involved him in disgrace, or
gives name to several French tragedies-one by he was kept back by the hatred of the empress
Bursault, which was highly prized by'Corneille, a Theodora, the fear of whose displeasure prevented
second by the jesuit Dominique de Colonia, a third any of the greater Byzantine nobles from interby Pradon, which was the subject of an epigram by marrying with the children which Germanus had
Racine, and a fourth, published by A. V. Arnault by his wife Passara (flaeodpa); and he was obin 1816, which occasioned some sensation on its liged (A. D. 545) to negotiate a match between his
first representation, and was translated into Eng- daughter, who was now marriageable, and Joannes,
lish by George Bernel. (Louis de Beaufort, His- nephew of Vitalian the Goth, though Joannes