A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

246 GEORGIUS. GEORGIUS.
(A. D. 1035) after that event elevated to the office KaereacaAaIv), commanded the fleet of Alexis I. on
of Protovestiarius. On the accession of Michael V. the Danube, against the Scythians, and was one of
Calaphates (A. D. 1041), he was banished to his the generals in the war against the Comani. Both
estate in Paphlagonia. (Cedren. Comnpend. vol. ii. these wars took place before the first crusade, A. D.
pp. 504, 512, ed. Bonn.) 1096. (Anna Comn. Alexaus, lib. vii. x. pp. 189,
6. Distinguished by the title SEBASTUS, lived 192, 273, ed. Paris; Ducange, Fam. Bz. p. 178.)
in the reign of Alexis II. Comnenus, who reigned 14. MANGANES or MANCANES (Mayyadr/s or
from A.D. 1180 to 1183. [ALEXIS, or ALEXIUS IT. May7KavIr), was one of the secretaries of Alexis I.
COMNENUS.] Andronicus, afterwards the emperor [ALEXIS or ALEXIUS I. COMNENUS], when he
Andronicus I. [ANDRONICUS I. COMNENUS], had besieged Constantinople (A. D. 1081 ), in his struggle
married George's sister, and wished to employ him to wrest the crown from his predecessor, the emand another person to make away with the em- peror Nicephorus III. Botaniates. He was a
press Maria, mother and guardian of Alexis. Both crafty far-seeing man, apt at finding excuses for the
of them refused to embrue their own hands in her delay of anything which the interest of his master
blood, but wanted either the power or the will to required to be deferred. Anna Comnena formed
prevent him from executing his purpose by other from his name a verb (uaayavee'o-O0at or M.aeytcainstruments. (Nicetas Choniat. Alex. Manuel. Fil. vessoOat) denoting " to find excuses; " and a noun
c. 17.) (Aay'ydvEv a) denoting "a pretext." (Anna Comn.
7. BRANAS (Bpav&r), with his brother Deme- Alex. ii. 8, 10, pp. 116-122, ed. Bonn.)
trius Branas, was engaged, A. D. 1165, in the ex- 15. MANIACES (resop-yos MavlaKIs), the patripedition sent by the emperor Manuel Comnenus cian, the son of Gudelius Maniaces, was governor
against the Hungarians. (Cinnamus, vi. 7; Du- of the city and thema of''eluch (TeAo6X), in or
cange, FamiliaeJ Byzant, p.'215, ed. Paris.) near the Taurus, in the reign of the emperor Ro8. BRYENNIUS (BpuvwYros), was governor of the manus III. Argyrus, about A. D. 1030. After the
fortresses of Stenimachus and Tzapaena during the defeat of the emperor by the Saracens near Antioch,
reign of the emperor Andronicus Palaeologus the George defeated the victorious enemy by stratagem
elder. He recovered (A. D. 1322) the town of near Teluch; and by this exploit obtained the goPhilippopolis, which had fallen into the hands of vernorship of the Roman province of Lower Media.
Terteres, king of the Moesi or Bulgarians. George He was, apparently after this, protospatharius and
Bryennius afterwards held the office of Magnus governor of the cities on the Euphrates:; and in
Drungarius. (Cantacuzenus, i. 36, 37; Ducange, A.D. 1032 took the town of Edessa, partly by
Famil. Byzant. p. 177.) bribing the governor; and found there the supposed
9. BURAPHUS (Boepaoqos), the patrician, count letter of the Lord Jesus Christ to Augarus (or Abof the Thema Obsequium, comprehending the garus), king of Edessa, which he sent to the emparts of Mysia and Bithynia adjacent to the peror. He was afterwards governor of Upper
Propontis. He was in Thrace with his forces, Media and Aspracania.
defending that province from the Bulgarians, In the reign of Michael IV. the Paphlagonian
when he entered into a conspiracy with Theodore (A. D. 1035), he was sent with an army into
Myacius to dethrone the emperor Philippicus, or Southern Italy, then a part of the Byzantine emBardanes, who was seized and blinded (A. D. 713) pire, to carry on the war against the Saracens, the
by Rufus, an officer sent by George to Constanti- command of the fleet being entrusted to Stephen,
nople with a few soldiers. But George himself husband of the emperor's sister. One of George's
and his principal accomplices suffered the same exploits was the conquest of Sicily (A. D. 1038),
fate. very shortly after at the hands of the new though the Saracens, who occupied the island, were
emperor Artemius or Anastasius II. (Nicephor. assisted by 50,000 auxiliaries from Africa. Two
Constantinop. De Rebus post Maulic. Gestis, p. 55, years after (A. D. 1040) he: gained a great victory
ed.. Bonn.; Theophanes, Chronog. vol. i. p. 587, over the Saracens of Africa, who had sought to re588, ed.. Bonn.) cover the island, killing 50,000 of them in one
10. CHUMNUS (XoiUjAos), one of the officers battle. The negligence of Stephen having allowed
(6 n7rl T&s TpaCreins) of the court of Joannes I. the Saracen commander to escape, a quarrel ensued
Palaeologus, during his minority. Having insulted between him and George; and Stephen, embittered
the Magnus Domesticus, Joannes Cantacuzenus, by a blow- and by the reproaches which he had reand fearing his vengeance, he was led to join the ceived from George, accused him to Joannes, the
party of Apocaucus, and took part in the war brother and minister of the emperor, of meditating
againstCantacuzenus (A.D. 1341). Havingbecome a revolt. George was consequently sent home a
weary of the war, or of his party, he accused Apo- prisoner, but was released by Michael V. Calacaucus of mismanagement and was in consequence phates, after his accession, A.D. 1041. The disimprisoned in his own. house by him. (Canta- asters of the Byzantines in Italy, after his recal,
cuzen. Hist. iii. 2,19, 20, 54, 55.)' induced Zoe, who succeeded Michael, to send him
11. COCALAS (K0wKaBas), a leader of some note thither again as general (A. D. 1042). He recovered
on the side of Palaeologus, in the struggle between the province from the power of his own Frankish
Joannes I. Palaeologus and Joannes Cantacuzenus. mercenaries, who had seized it. Meantime, his
(Cantacuz. Hist. iii. 93, 94.) interests at home were assailed by Romanus
12. DRosvs (Apdoos), secretary of Aaron, go- Sclerns, whose sister was concubine to the empevernorofBaaspracania, ontheArmenianfrontier, was ror Constantine X. Monomachus, who had marsent by the emperor Constantine X. Monomachus ried Zoe. Romanus, plundered the Anatolian
(apparently about A. D. 1049) to the sultan of the estates of George, and procured his deprivation of
Seljukian Turks, to negotiate the release of the the title "Magister." Provoked by these wrongs,
Byzantine general,.Liparites, who had been taken in George revolted, gained' over the troops under his
war. (Cedren. Compend. vol. ii. p. 580, ed. Bonn.) command, put to death the Byzantine Pardus, who
13. EUPHORBENUS CATACALON (EvOqopnvos had been sent to succeed him in his command, and