A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

236 GELLIUS. -GELON.
of his successor, by whom, as well as by Pluttarch, was -praetor peregrinus in B.c. 69; (Cic. pro
he seems to have been altogether neglected, al- Cluent. 45).
though occasionally cited by Dionysius, and appa- (Bertrandus, de Juri'p. ii. 16; Guil. Grotius,
rently both an accurate chronologer and a diligent Vitae Jurisc. i. 11, ~ 15-18; Maiansius, ad atzx
investigator of ancient usages. ICtorum Frag. Comment, vol. ii. p. 154 —161;
Krause, in his Vitae et Fracgmenta Historicorum Zimmern, R. R. G. vol. i. ~ 79; Hugo, R. R. G.
Romanorum, has enumerated no less than three ed. 1832, p. 535.) [ J. T. G.]
Gellii, Cnaeus, Sextus, and Aulus; but although GE'LLIUS STA TIUS. [GELLIA GENS.]
"Gellius" is frequently named as -An annalist with- GELON (reXwv). 1. Son of Deinomenes tyout any distinguishing praenomen, the two latter rant of Gela, and afterwards of Syracuse. He was
personages are in all probability imaginary. The descended from one of the most illustrious families
only direct testimony to the existence of Sextus is in his native city, his ancestors having been among
contained in the tract De Origine gentis Romanae the original founders of Gela, and having subse(c. 16), which is a modern forgery; the argument quently held an important hereditary priesthood.
derived from the use of the plural reAALOL by Dio- (Herod. vii. 153.) Gelon himself is first mentioned
nysius (i. 7) will be found, upon consulting the as one of the body-guards in the service of Hippopassage, to be altogether inconclusive (Niebuhr, crates, at that time tyrant of Gela, and distinRoan. Hist. vol. ii. note 11); and the word Gellii guished himself greatly in the wars carried on by
adduced from Cicero (de Leg. i. 2) is a conjectural that monarch, so as to be promoted to the chief
emendation. As to Aulus, we find in Nonius, it command of his cavalry. On the death of Hippois true (s. v. Bubo), a reference to "A. Gellius crates, the people of Gela rose in revolt against his
historiarum libr. primo;" and in Vopiscus (Prob. sons, and attempted to throw off their yoke.
sub init.) some MSS. have "M. Cato Agellius Gelon espoused the cause of the young princes,
quoque," instead of the received reading, " M. and defeated the insurgents; but took advantage
Cato et Gellius historici;" but it is clear that such of his victory to set aside the sons of Hippocrates,
evidence cannot be admitted with any confidence. and retain the chief power for himself, B. c. 491.
(Cic. de Divin. i. 26; comp. de Leg. i. 2; Dionys. (Herod. vii. 154, 155; Schol. ad Pind. Nem. ix.
i. 7, ii. 31, 72, 76, iv. 6, vi. 1], vii. 1; Plin. 95.) He appears to have held undisturbed rule over
H. N. vii. 56; Solin. Polyh. 2, where one of the Gela for some years, until the internal dissensions
best- MSS. has Gellius for Caelius; Gell. xiii. 22, of Syracuse afforded him an opportunity to interxviii. 12; Censorin. de Die Nat. 17; Macrob. fere in the concerns of that city. The oligarchical
Sat. i. 8, 16, ii. 13; Charisius, pp. 39, 40, 50, 55; party (called the Geomori, or Gamori) had been
Serv. ad Virg. Aen. iv. 390, viii. 638; Marius expelled from Syracuse by the populace, and taken
Victorin. p. 2468.) [W. R.] refuge at Casmenae. Gelon espoused their cause,
GE'LLIUS EGNATIUS. [EGNATIUS, No. 1.] and proceeded to restore them by force of arms.
GELLIUS FUSCUS. [Fuscus.] On his approach the popular party opened the gates
GE'LLIUS, PUBLI'CIUS, a jurist, one of the to him,' and submitted without opposition to his
disciples of Servius Sulpicius. [T. CAEsIvs.] From power (B. c. 485). From this time he neglected
the unusual combination of two apparently gentile Gela, and bent all his efforts to the aggrandisement
names, conjectural alterations of the passage in of his new sovereignty; he even destroyed Camathe Digest where Publicius Gellius is mentioned rina (which had been rebuilt by Hippocrates not
by Pomponius (Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 2. ~ 44) have long before), in order to remove the inhabitants to
been attempted by several critics. Rutilius (Vi- Syracuse, whither he also transferred above half of
tae IC~torrum, c. 45) reads Publius Caecilius, and those of Gela. In like manner, having taken the
Hotomann reads Publicola Gellius. Accordingly, cities of Euboea and -the Hyblaean Megara, he
the jurist has been attempted to be identified settled all the wealthier citizens of them at Syrawith the L. Gellius Publicola who is spoken cuse, while he sold the lower classes into slavery.
Of by Cicero (Brut. 47) as a second-rate orator, (Herod. vii. 155, 156; Thuc. vi. 4, 5.) By these
contemporary with L. Crassus and M: Anto- means Syracuse was raised to an unexampled
inius; but the disciple of Servius must have been height of wealth and prosperity, and Gelon found
of rather later date. Maiansius makes Pub- himself possessed of such power as no Greek had
licius and Gellius distinct jurists, and alters the previously held, when his assistance was requested
text of Pomponius by reading duodecim instead of by the Lacedaemonians and Athenians against the
decem, as the number of the. disciples of Servius. impending danger from the invasion of Xerxes.
There is no necessity for alteration, for Publicius is He offered to support them with a fleet of 200 triused as a fictitions praenomen by Paulus, in Dig. remes, and a land force of 28,000 men, on con36. tit. 2. s. 24; and the jurist Publicius is cited, dition of being entrusted with the chief command
along with Africanus, by Ulpian (Dig. 38. tit. 17. of the allied forces, or at least with that of their
s. 2. ~ 8); and is also cited by Modestints (Dig. fleet. But both these proposals being rejected, he
35. tit. 1. s. 51. ~ 1), and by Marcellus (Dig. 31. dismissed the envoys with the remark, that the
s. 50. ~ 2). Greeks had lost the spring out of their year.
There was a praetor Publicius, who introduced (Herod. vii. 157-162; Timaeus, Frag. 87, ed,
into the edict a celebrated clause (Dig. 6. tit. 2. Paris, 1841.)
Xs, 1. pr.), which gave origin to the Publiciana in There is some uncertainty with regard to the
rem actio. By this action a bona fide possessor conduct that he actually pursued. According t(
-was enabled, by the fiction of usucaption, to re- Herodotus, he sent Cadmus of Cos with a sum o:
cover the lost possession of a thing, although he money to await at Delphi the issue of the ap.
was not doninns extjure Quiritium. (Inst. 4. tit. 6. proaching contest, and should it prove unfavourabli
~ 45.) It is not unlikely that this Publiciius was to the Greeks, to make offers of submission to the
the jurist cited in the Digest; and there is some Persian monarch. But the same historian adds
Aground for identifying him with Q. Publicius, who that the Sicilian Greeks asserted him to have beer