A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

222 "GALLUS. GALLUS..Appian (B. C. iii. 95), probably in conseqlience o'f' that cbointry is as yet too scanty to enable us'to
the manner in which Octavlanus had reported his identify the route as described by Strabo, who deown conduct, relates the event differently. Gallius, rived most of his information about Arabia from
he says, asked Octavianus to give him Africa as his his friend Aelius Gallus. (Comp. Strab. ii. p. 118';
province after the praetorship. But havingincurred Plin. H. N. vii. 28; Joseph. Ant. xv. 9. ~ 3.the suspicion of a design upon the life of the tri- Galen, vol. ii, p. 455, ed. Basil.) [L. S.]
umvir, he was deprived of his office, and the popu- GALLUS, C.? AE'LIUS, a jurist, contemlace demolished his house. The senate declared porary with Cicero and Varro, though probably
him guilty, of a capital crime, but Octavianus in- rather older than either, is said by Macrobius (Sat.'flicted no other punishment on him than sending vi. 8) to have been a most learned man. He was
him to his brother Marcus [No. 2], who was then the author of a treatise in at least two books, De
with Antony. Gallius embarked, and was never Verborum, quvw ad Jus Civile pertinent, Significa-heard of afterwards. tione. (Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i. 264.) In Festus
4. QUINTIUS GALLIUS, SO at least his name (s. v. Rogatio), the citation should probably be of
appears in the best MS., for others read Q. Gallius the 2nd, not the 12th book. From a corruption
or Q. Gallus, seems to have been legate of Q. Mar- of the name C. Aelius, his work has been attricius Philippus, the proconsul of Asia. Two of buted, in some'passages where it is cited (Gell.
Cicero's' letters (ad Farm. xiii. 43 and 44) are'ad- xvi. 5; Macr. Sat. vi. 8), to a Caelius, or Caedressed to him. cilius Gallus. (Ant. Augustin, De Nomn. Prop.
5. C. GALLIlTS, a person otherwise unknown, Pandect. p. 16; Menage, Amoen. Juris. 22.)
but who, according to Valerius Maximus (vi. 1. Athough he is not mentioned by Pomponius, nor
~ 13), was caught in the act of adultery by Sem- named in the Florentine Index, there is one pure
pronius Musca, and scourged to death. [L. S.] extract from him in the Digest (Dig. 50. tit. 16.
GALLO'NIUS. 1. A public crier at Rome, s. 157), and he is also twice cited in that comwhose wealth and gluttony passed into the pro- pilation-by Gaius in Dig. 22. tit. 1. s. 19, and by
verb " to live like Gallonius." (Cic. pro Quint. 30, Paulus, through Julianus, in Dig. 50. tit. 16. s. 77
de Fin. ii. 38.) He was probably contemporary In the latter extract (if it refers to him, which is
with the younger Scipio, and was satirised by Lu- doubtful) he is cited by the name Gallus alone, a
cilius (Cic. de Fin. ii. 8), and by Horace (Sat. ii. designation which elsewhere applies to C. Aquillius
2, 46). The sturgeon (acipensei) was one of the Gallus. These passages are commented upon by
dishes for which Gallonius' tablei was famous. Maiansius, Ad XXX Ictorum Frag. Comment.
(Lucil. ap. Cic.. e.; Hor. I. c.; comp. Plin. H. N. vol. ii. p. 37-47.
ix. 17. ~ 60; MacIob. Sat. ii. 12.) Another fragment of Aelius Gallus is preserved
2. A Roman. eques, appointed governor of by Gellius (xvi. 5), and several may be found in
Gades by M. Varro, during the civil war in Spain, Festus (s. v. Postliminium, Reus, Saltus, Torrens,
B.c. 49. (Caesar, B.C. ii. 18, 20.) [W. B. D.] Municeps, Ne.xum, lVecessarii, Possessio, RecipeGALLUS, AE'LIUS, an intimate friend of ratio, Rogatio, Sobrinus, Petrarum, Sacer Mons,
the geographer Strabo, was praefect of Egypt in Religiosumn, Perfugam, Relegati, Remancipationem,
the reign of Augustus, and some time after Cor- Senatus Decretum, Sepulclsrum.) These fragments
nelius Gallus, with whom he has often been con- (some of which contain valuable antiquarian infounded, had- been'invested with the same office. formation) are collected in Dirksen's Bruchstiicke,
His praefecture of Egypt belongs to the years B. c. &c., and are also given, with a commentary, by
24 and 25, and these years have become remark- C. G. E. Heimbach (C. Aelii Galli de Verbor. quae
able in. history through a bold expedition into ad jus pertinent Signif., Fragmenta, 8vo. Lips.
Arabia, in which, however, Aelius Gallus com- 1823.)
pletely failed. Gallus undertook the expedition Two passages in Varro (De L. L. iv. 2, iv. 10),
from Egypt by the command of Augustus, partly according to the ordinary reading, make express
with a view to explore the country and its inha- mention of Aelius Gallus; and in another passage
bitants, and partly to conclude treaties of friend- (v. 7) it is doubtful whether Aelius Gallus ought
ship with the people, or to subdue them if they not to be read. (Compare Gell. x. 21.) Upon
should-oppose the Romans, for it was believed at these passages depends the precise determination
the time that Arabia was full of all kinds of trea- of the age of Aelius Gallus. The Aelius mentioned
sures. When Aelius Gallus set- out with his army, in Varro (De L. L. v. 7) is spoken of as an old
he trusted to the guidance of a Roman called Syl- man. In other passages of Varro, where Aelius is
laeus, who deceived and misled him. A long mentioned, without the.addition Gallus, the person
account of this interesting expedition through the referred to is L. Aelius Stilo, who is not to be
desert is givenby Strabo (xvi. p. 780, &c.; comp. confounded with the jurist. Van Heusde (De L.
xvii. pp. 806, 816, 819; and Dion Cass. liii. 29). Aelio Stilone, p. 64, 65, Traj. ad Rhen. 1839)
The burning heat of the sun, the bad water, and thinks that Stilo rather than Gallus is referred to,
the want of every thing necessary to support life, even in the passages De L. L. iv. 2, iv. 10. In
produced a disease among the soldiers which was this opinion he is followed by Lachmann (in Saaltogether unknown to the Romans, and destroyed vigny's Zeitsch. vol. xi. p. 116), who asserts that
the greater part of the army; so that the Arabs Aelius Gallus is cited by no writer more ancient
were not only not subdued, but succeeded in than Verrius Flaccus. Lachmann attributes to
driving the Romans even from those parts of the C. Aelius the sentence Impubes libripens esse non
country which they had possessed before. Aelius potest neque antestari (Priscian, Ars. Grain. p. 792,
Gallus spent six months on his march into the ed. Putsch), which is assigned by Dirksen to C.
country, on account of his treacherous guide, while Livius Drusus..[DRUvss, No. 3.]
he effected his retreat in sixty days. It would be Lachmann seems inclined to identify the jurist
extremely interesting to trace-this expedition of with the Aelius Gallus who'was praefect of
Aelius Gallus into Arabia, but our knowledge of Aegypt under. Augustus, and is spoken of in the