A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

GALLIO. G;ALLLUS. 221
who were devastating Moesia; he returned hastily'had him conveyed back to Rome, where he was,to Italy upon receiving news of the insurrection of kept in custody in the house of a magistrate. (Tac.
Aureolus, whom he defeated, anmd shut up in Mi- Ann. vi. 3; Dion Cass. lviii. 18.) In his early
lan; but, while pressing the siege of that city, he years he had been a friend of Ovid (Ex Pont. iv.
was slain- by. his own soldiers, in the month of 11), and on one occasion he had defended BathylMarch, A. D. 268, in the fiftieth year of his age, lus, one of the favourites of Maecenas. (Senec.
after he had enjoyed the title of Augustus for Controv. i. 2, 5; Quintil. ix. 2. ~ 91.) According
fifteen years, and reigned alone for upwards of to Dion Cassius (lxii. 25), he was put to death by
seven. -[SALONINUS.] ~the command of Nero. As an orator, he was pro(Trebell. Poll. Valerian. pater et Jil., Gallieni bably not above the ordinary declaimers of the
d-uo; Victor, de Caes. xxxiii, Epit. xxxii. xxxiii; time, at least the author of the dialogue De OraEntrop. ix. 7, 8; Zonar. xii. 23, 24; Zosim. i. 30, toribus (c. 36; comp. Sidon. Apollin. i. 5.. ~ 10)
37, 40, who speaks in such gentle terms of this speaks of him with considerable contempt. Besides
prince, that some persons have imagined that his his declamations, such as the speech for Bathyllus,
character was wilfully misrepresented by the histo- we know that he published a work on rhetoric;
rians of the age of Constantine, who sought to ren- which, however, is lost. (Quiniil. iii. 1. ~ 21;
der the virtues of their own patrons more conspi-'Hieronym. Praefat. lib. viii. in Esaiam.) Whether
cuous by calumniating their predecessors. With he is the same Gallio who is mentioned in the Acts
regard to the names of Gallienus, see Eckhel, vol. (viii. 12) as proconsul of Achaia is uncertain. [L.S.]
vii. p. 417.) [W. R.] GA!LLIO, L. JUNIUS; ason of the rhetorician M. Annaeus Seneca, and an elder brother of
Uzito"~ oo ooAoo the philosopher Seneca. His original name was M.
y~/~' ~4>.9 ad /~~ Annaeus Noratus, but he was adopted by the rhe-' torician Junius Gallio, whereupon he changed his
/$,,: 2 ~'~ name into L. Junius Annaeus (or Annaeanns)
Gallio. Dion' Cassius (lx. 35) mentions a witty
but bitter joke of his, which he made in reference
to the persons that were put to death in the reign
of Claudius. His brother's death intimidated him
so much, that he implored the mercy of Nero (Tac.
GALLIE'NUS, Q. JULIUS. We learn from Ann. xv. 73); but according to Hieronymus in the
Victor (Epit. 33) that the emperor Gallienus had, chronicle of Eusebius, who calls him a celebrated
in addition to the Saloninus who was put to death rhetorician, he put an end to himself in A. D. 65.
by Postumus, another son also named Saloninus or He' is mentioned by his brother'in the preface to
Salonianus. This is probably the individual com- the fourth book of the Quaestiones' Natrales, and
memorated in an inscription (Gruter, cclxxv. 5) the work de:Vita Beata is addressed to him. [L.S.1
IMP. Q. IULIO. FILIO. GALLIENI. AUG. ET. SALO- GA'LLIUS. 1. Q. GALLIUS, was a candidate
NINAE. A UG. and who is said by Zonaras to have for the praetorship in B. c. 64, and accused of ambeen put to death at Rome along with his uncle bitus by M. Calidius; but he was defended on
Valerianus. If, however, an unique coin, figured that occasion by Cicero in an oration of which only
in the Pembroke collection, bearing on the ob- a few fragments have come down to us. He apverse a beardless head surrounded by rays with pears to have been acquitted, for he was invested
the legend DIvo. CAES. Q.. GALLIENO, and on the with the'city praetorship in B. C. 63, and presided
reverse a flaring altar with the word CONSECRATIO, at the trial of C. Cornelius. (Cic. Brut. 80,'de
can be held as genuine, it would seem to indi- Petit. Cons. 5; Ascon. in Cic. in tog. caind. p. 88, in
cate that this. Q. Gallienus died young and was Cornel. p. 62;, ed. Orelli. See the fragments of
deified by his father. (See Eckhel, vol. vii. p. 430, Cicero's oration for Gallius in Orelli's edition, vol,
who mentions a second medal which perhaps be- iv. part'2, p. 454, &c.'; Val. Max. viii. 10. ~ 3.)
longs to the same person.) [W. R.] 2. M. GALLIuS, a..son of No. 1. He is called a
M. GA'LLIO is said to be mentioned in an praetorian; but the year in which he was invested
ancient MS. as the author of the Rhetorica ad Ile- with the praetorship is uncertain. He belonged to
rennium, which is printed among Cicero's works. the party of Antony, with whom he was staying in
But the statement is very uncertain; besides which B. C. 43. He seems to be the same as the senator
M. Gallio is otherwise'altogether unknown. (J. M. Gallius, by whom Tiberius, in his youth, was
C. Scaliger, de Re Poet. iii. 31, 34; Burmann, adopted, and' who left him a large legacy, although
in the preface to his edition of the Rhet. ad Herenn. Tiberius afterwards dropped the name'of his adop,
p. xxx.) [L. S.] tive father. (Cic. ad Att. x. 15, xi. 20;Philip,
GA'LLIO, JU'NIUS, a Roman rhetorician, and xiii. 1.2; Suet. Tib. 6.)
a, contemporary and friend of M. Annaeus Seneca, 3. Q. GALLIUS, a son of No. 1, and a brother of
the rhetorician, whose son he adopted. He was a No. 2, was praetor urbanus in B. c. 43, and in that
senator; and on one occasion he proposed in the fearful time became one of the many victims that'
senate that the praetorians, after the expiration of were sacrificed by the triumvirs. During his
their time of service, should receive a distinction praetorship he had- one day, while engaged on his
otherwise reserved for equites, namely, the right of tribunal, some tablets concealed under his robe;
sitting in the quatuordecim ordines in the theatre. and Octavianus, suspecting that he had arms under
Tiberius, who suspected that this was done merely his cloak, and that he harboured murderous designs.
to win- the favour of the soldiers,began to fear him: ordered'his centurions and soldiers to seize him.
he first removed him from the senate, and after- As Q. Gallius denied. the charge, Octavianus orwards sent'him'into exile. Gallio accordingly dered him to be put to death,:though afterwards in
went to Lesbos; but Tiberius, grudging him'the his memoirs he endeavoured to conceal the cruelty
quiet and ease which he was likely to enjoy there, of which he had thus been guilty. (Suet. Aug. 27.)