A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

'218 GALLA. GALLA.:,was too young to take part in the contest between Valentinian; but we prefer, with Gibbon, the ai-Otho, Vitellius, and Vespasian. But *his noble count of Zosimus. During the absence of Theobirth, his youth, and popularity, awakened the dosius in Italy, Galla was turned out of the palace
jealousy of Vespasian's prefect, Mucianus. Gale- -at Constantinople by her step-son, the boy Arcarianus- was arrested at Rome, conducted by a strong dius, or by those who governed in his name. She
guard forty miles along the Appian road, and put died in childbirth, A. D. 394, just as Theodosius
to death by injecting poison into his veins. (Tac. was setting out to attack Arbogastes and Eugenius,
list. iv. I 1.) [W. B. D.] after giving to Theodosius a daughter, GallaPlacidia
GALE'RIUS TRA'CHALUS. [TRACHALUS.] [No. 3],' and apparently a son named Gratian.
GALE'RIUS VALE'RIUS MAXIMIA'- (Ambros. De Obit. Theodos. Orat. c. 40, and note of
NUS. [MAXXIMANUS.] the Benedictine editors.) Whether the latter, who
GA'LEUS (rdAeos), that is, "the lizard," a certainly died before his father, was the child
son of Apollo and Themisto, the daughter of the whose birth occasioned her death, or whether there
Hyperborean king Zabius. In pursuance of an was a third child, is not clear. Tillemont under.
oracle of the Dodonean Zeus, Galeus emigrated to stands Philostorgius to. claim Galla as an Arian;
Sicily, where he built a sanctuary to his father but the passage. in Philostorgius (x. 7) appears to
Apollo. The Galeotae, a family of Sicilian sooth- refer rather to her mother, Justina. However, the
sayers, derived their origin from him. (Aelian, Paschal Chronicle calls her an Arian, and the
V. H. xii. 46; Cic. de Divin. 1. 20;. Steph. Byz. marked silence of Ambrose with respect to Galla
s.'v. yaAcEZat.) The principal seat of the Galea- in the passage just referred to makes it not unlikely
tae was the town of Hybla, which was hence that she was suspected or known to be not orthocalled qyaecTLs, or, as Thucydides (vi. 62.) writes dox. (Zosim. iv. 44, 45, 55, 57; Marcellin.
it, 7yeAeT'Ls.) [L. S.] Cilron.; Chron. Pasch. p. 563, ed. Bonn; TilleGALI'NTHIAS (raXIv0Lds), or, as Ovid (Met. mont, Hist. des Emp. vol. v.; Gibbon, c. xxvii.)
ix. 306). calls her, Galanthis, was a daughter of 3. GALLA PLACIDIA, SO named in coins and
-Proetus of Thebes and a friend of Alcmene. When inscriptions; but by historians more commonly
the latter was on the point of giving birth to Hera- called simply PLACIDIA, was the daughter of Theocles, and the Moerae and Eileithyia, at the re- dosius the Great by his second wife Galla [No. 2.],
quest of Hera, were endeavouring to prevent or The date of her birth does not appear: it must
delay the birth, Galinthias suddenly-rushed in with have been not earlier than 388, and not later than
the false report that Alcmene had given birth to a 393. She was at Rome in A. D. 408, and is ac-.son. ~The hostile goddesses were so surprised at cused of being one of the parties to the death of
this information that they dropped their arms. her cousin Serena, Stilicho's widow, who was.Thus the charm was broken, and Alcmene was suspected of corresponding with or favouring
enabled to give birth to Heracles. The deluded Alaric, who was then besieging the city. It apgoddesses avenged the. deception practised upon pears from this, that Placidia was then old enough
them by Galinthias by metamorphosing her into a to have some influence in public affairs, which con.
weasel or cat (?yakA), and dooming her to lead a sideration would lead us to throw back the date of
joyless life in obscure holes and corners. Hecate, her birth as far as possible. Gibbon says she waE
however, took pity upon her, and made her her about twenty in 408, which is probably correct.
attendant, and Heracles afterwards erected a sane- When Alaric took Rome, A. D. 410, Placidia feli
tuary to her. At Thebes it was customary at the into his hands (if indeed she had not been prefestival of Heracles first to offer sacrifices to Galin- viously in his power), and was detained by hirr
thias. (Ov. I.e.; Anton. Lib. 29; Aelian, H. A. as a hostage, but respectfully treated. Aftei.Xii. 5.) Pausanias (ix. 11. ~ 2) relates a similar Alaric's death she continued in the power of his
story of Historis. [L. S.] brother-in-law and successor, Ataulphus. [ATAuL.
GALLA. 1. First wife of Julius Constantius, PHUS.]. Constantius (afterwards emperor) the
son of the emperor Constantius Chlorus by his Patrician [CONSTANTIUS, III.], on the part o::second wife, Theodora. She bore her husband the emperor Honorius, half brother of Placidia
two sons, one of whom Valesius thinks. was the demanded her restoration, having already, as Tille
Flavius Valerius Constantinus, consul in A. D. 327, mont thinks, the intention of asking her in mar
but to whom others do not give' a name; the riage. Ataulphus, however, having it also in viem
younger was Gallus Caesar. [GALLUS, p. 226, b.J to marry her, evaded these demands, and marriec
2. The daughter of the emperor Valentinian I., her (according to Jornandos), at Forum Livii, nea:
and second wife of Theodosius the Great.'Accord- Ravenna, but according to the better authority o'ing to Zosimus, she accompanied her mother, Olympiodorus and Idatius, at Narbonne, A. D. 414
Justina, and her brother, Valentinian II., when Idatius states that this matter was regarded bi
they fled to Theodosius, on the invasion of Italy some as the fulfilment of the prophecy of Danie
by the usurper Maximus (A. D. 387). Theodosius (ch. xi.) respecting the King of the North and th,
met the fugitives at Thessalonica, and Justina art- daughterofthe kingofthe South. Philostorgius con
fully placed her weeping daughter before him, to siders that another passage of the same prophetica
work at once on his compassion and his love. book was fulfilled by the event. Ataulphus treater
Galla was eminent for beauty, and the emperor her with great respect, and endeavoured to mak.
was' smitten, and requested her in marriage. an alliance with Honorius, but was not successful
Justina refused her consent, except on condition through the opposition of Constantius. In A. r
of his undertaking to attack Maximus, and restore 415 Ataulphus was killed at Barcelona, leaving n
Valentinian, to which condition he consented, and issue by Placidia, their only child, Theodosius
they were married, probably about the end of A. D. having died soon after its birth. Ataulphus, wit:
387. Tillemont, who rejects the account of Zosi- his last breath, charged his brother to restor
-mus as inconsistent with the piety of Theodosius, Placidia to Honorius, but the revolutions of th
places the marriagein A. D. 386, before the flight of Visi-Gothic kingdom prevented this being don