A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

GALEN TS. GALENUS. 21!
and 1625,'in five vols., with the works divided by It -is, however, very far from what it might and
J. Bapt. Montanus into classes, according to their ought to have been, and its critical rits are very
subject-matter, and with the copious Index Rerum lightly esteemed. M. Villiers published a criticism
of Ant. Musa Brassavolus. Another excellent on this edition, entitled, "Lettre sur l'Edition
Latin edition was published by Froben, Basil. Grecque et Latine des Oeuvres d'Hippocrate et de
1542, fol., and reprinted in 1549 and 1561. It Galene," Paris, 1776, 4to.
contains all Galen's works, in eight vols., divided The latest and most commodious edition is that
into eight classes, and a ninth vol., consisting of of C. G. KUhn, who with extraordinary boldness, at
the Indices. The reprint of 1561 is considered the age- of sixty-four, and at a time when the old
the most vraluable, on account of Conrad Gesner's medical authors were more neglected than they are
Prolegomena. The last Latin edition is that pub- at present, ventured to put forth a specimen and a
lished by Vinc. Valgrisius, Venet. 1562, fol. in five prospectus of a work so vast, that any one in the
vols., edited by Jo. Bapt. Rasarius. Altogether prime of life, and strength, and leisure, might well
(according to Choulant), a Latin version of all shrink from the undertaking. As this seems to be
Galen's works was published once in the fifteenth the most proper place for giving an account of
century, twenty (or twenty-two) times in the six- Kuhn's collection, it may be stated that he deteenth, and not once since.. signed to publish no less than a complete edition of
The Greek text has been published four times; all the Greek medical authors whose writings are
twice alone, and twice. with a Latin translation. still extant; a work far too extensive for any
The first edition was the Aldine,'published Venet. single man to have undertaken, and which (as
1525, fol.d in five vols., edited by Jo. Bapt. Opizo might have -been expected) still remains unfinished.
with great care, though containing numerous errors Kuhn, however, not only found a publisher rich
and omissions, as might be expected in so large a and liberal enough. to undertake the risk and ex.
work. It is a handsome book, rather scarce, and pense of such a work, but actually lived to see his
much valued; and contains the Greek text, without collection comprehend the entire works of Galen,
translation, notes, or indices. The next Greek Hippocrates, Aretaeus, and Dioscorides, in twentyedition was published in'1538, Basil. ap. Andr. eight thick 8vo. volumes, consisting each of about
Cratandum, fol., in five vols., edited by L. Came- eight hundred pages,. and of which a41 but three
rarius, L. Fuchs, and H. Gemusaeus. The text in were edited by himself. But while it' is thankthis edition (which, like the preceding, contains fully acknowledged that Kiihn did good service to
neither Latin translation, notes, nor indices) is the ancient medical writers by republishing their
improved by the collation, of Greek MSS. and the works in a commodious form, yet at the same time
examination of the Latin versions: the only ad- it must be'confessed that the real critical merits
ditional work of Galen's published in this edition of his Collection as a whole are very small. In
is a Latin translation of the treatise De Ossibus. 1818 he published Galen's little work De Optinzo
It is a handsome book, and frequently to be met Docendi Genere, Lips. 8.vo., Greek and Latin, as a
with. specimen of his projected design, and in 1821 the
A very useful and neat edition, in thirteen vols. first volume of his works appeared. The edition
fol., was printed at Paris, and bears the date of consists of twenty 8vo. volumes (divided into
1679. It contains the' whole of the works of twenty-two parts), of which the last contains an
-Hippocrates and Galen,'mixediup together, and Index, made by F. W. Assmann, and was pubdivided into thirteen classes, according to the lished in 1833. The first volume contains Ackersubject-matter. This vast work was undertaken mann's Nrotitica Literaria Galeni, extracted. from the
by Rene Chartier (Renatus Charterius), a French fifth volume of the niew edition of Fabricius's Bibphysician, who published in 1633 (when he had al- liot/ieca'G1aeca, and somewhat improved and enready passed his sixtieth year) a programme, en- larged by Kiihn. Forthe correction of the Greek
titled, Index Operum Galeni'quae Latinis duntaxat text little or nothing has been done except in the
Typis in Lucens edita sunt, &c., begging the loan case of a few particular treatises, and all Chartier's
)f such Greek MSS. as he had not an opportunity notes and various readings are omitted. Kuhn has
of examining in the public libraries of Paris. The likewise'left out many of. the spurious works conirst volume appeared in 1639; but Chartier, tained in Chartier's edition, as also the Fragments,
ifter impoverishing himself, died in 1'654i before and those books which are extant only in Latin;;he work was completed: the last four volumes but, on the other hand, he has published for the
frere published after'his death, at the expense of first time the Greek text of the treatise De Muscelis son-in-law', and the whole work was at length lorum.Dissectione, the Synopsis Librorum de Pul
inished' in 1679, forty years after it had' been sibus, and the commentary on Hippocrates De Hut-:ommenced. This edition is in every respect nsu- moribus. Upon the whole, the writings of Galen
)erior to those that had preceded it, and in some are still in.a very corrupt and unsatisfactory state,
moints to that which has followed it. It contains a and it'is universally acknowledged that a new and
satin translation, and a few notes, and various critical edition is much wanted.
eadings: the text is divided into chapters, and is The project of a new edition of Galen's works
auch improved by the collation of MSS.; it con- has - been entertained-'by several persons, partiains several treatises in Greek and Latin not in- cularly by Caspar Hofmann and Theodore Goulluded in the preceding editions (especially De stone in the seventeenth century. The latter preIumoribus, De Ossibus, De Septimestri Partu, De pared several of Galen's smaller works for the'asciis, De Clysteribas), several others, much en- press, which were' published in one volume 4to.
irged by the insertion of omitted passages (espe- Lond. 1640, after his: death, by Thom. Gataker.
ially De Usu Partium, Definitionesg -Medicaee De Hofmann made very extensive preparations for his
Yomsatesecundum Hippocraten, DePraenbtione), and task, and published a copious and valuable comlarge collection of fragments of Galen's lost works, mentary an the treatise Dc Useu Partiun,- I-Iis
xrtracted from various - Greek. and Latin writers. MS. notes, amounting to twenty-seven volumes in,2