A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

18 FONTEIUS FORTUNA.
whether for apportioning land, conductingacolony, 6. P. FONTEIUS, a youth of obscure family,
or of the public treasury, is unknown. He was whom P. Clodius Pulcher [CLAUDIUS, No. 40.]
quaestor between B. C. 86-83. In B. C. 83 he chose for his adopted father, when, in order to
was legatus, with the title of Pro-quaestor in qualify himself for the tribunate of the plebs, he
Further Spain, and afterwards legatus in Mace- passed at the end of B. C. 60, from the patrician
donia, when he' repressed the incursions of the house of the Claudii to the plebeian Fonteii. The
Thracian tribes into the Roman province. The whole proceeding was illegal and absurd. Fondate of his praetorship is uncertain, but he governed, teius was married and had three children, therefore
as his praetorian province, Narbonnese Gaul, be- there was no plea for adoption; he was scarcely
tween B. C. 76-73, since he remained three years twenty years old, while Clodius was thirty-five;
in his government, and in 75 sent provisions, mili- the rogation was hurried through, and the auspices
tary storesi and recruits to Metellus Pius and Cn. were slighted. After the ceremony was completed,
Pompey, who were then occupied with the Serto- the first paternal act of Fonteius was to emancipate
rian war in Spain. His exactions for this purpose his adopted son. (Cic. pro Dom. 13, Harusp. Reformed one of the charges brought against him by spons. 27.)
the provincials. He returned to Rome in B. c. 73-2, FONTEIUS MAGNUS, a pleader of causes,
but he was not prosecuted for extortion and mis- and probably a native of Bithynia, who was one of
government nmtil B. C. 69. M. Plaetorius was the the accusers of Rufus Varenus for extortion while
conductor, M. Fabius subscriptor of the prosecution. proconsul of Bithynia. Pliny the younger deWith few exceptions, the principal inhabitants of fended Varenus, and Fonteius spoke in reply to
Narbonne appeared at Rome as witnesses against him. (Plin. Ep. v. 20, vii. 6.) [W. B. D.]
Fonteius, but the most distinguished among them FONTINA'LIS, an agnomen of A. Aternius,
was Induciomarus, a chief of the Allobroges. The consul in B. c. 454. [ATERNIUS.]
trial was in many respects important; but our FONTUS, a Roman divinity, and believed to
knowledge of the cause, as well as of'the history be a son of Janus. He had an altar on the Janiof M. Fonteius himself, is limited to the partial and culus, which derived its name from his father, and
fragmentary speech of his advocate, Cicero. The on which Numa was believed to be buried. He
prosecution was an experiment of the new law- was a brother of Volturnus. (Cic. de Leg. ii. 22;
Lex Aurelia de Judiciis-which had been passed Arnob. iii. 29.) The name of this divinity is conat the close of B. C. 70, and which took away the nected withfons, a well; and he was the personijudicia from the senate alone, and enacted that the fication of the flowing waters. On the 13th of
judices be chosen equally from the senators, the October'the Romans celebrated the festival of the
equites, and the tribuni aerarii. It was also the wells, called Fontinalia, at which the wells were
year of Cicero's aedileship, and the prosecutor of adorned with garlands, and flowers thrown into
Verres now came forward to defend a humbler them. (Varro, de L. L. vi. 22; Festus, s. v. Fonbut a similar criminal. Fonteius procured from tinalia.) [L. S.]
every province which he had governed witnesses FORNAX, a Roman goddess, who is said to
to his official character - from Spain and Ma- have been worshipped that she might ripen the
cedonia, from Narbo Martius and Marseille, corn, and prevent its being burnt in baking in the
from the camp of Pompey, and from the com- oven. (Fornax.) Her festival, the Fornacalia,
panies of revenue-farmers and merchants whom he was announced by the curio maximus. (Or. Fast.
had protected or connived at during his adminis- ii. 525, &c.; Festus, s. v. Fornacalia.) Hartung
tration. He was charged, as far as we can infer (die Relig. d. Rum. vol. ii. p. 107) considers her to
from Cicero's speech (Pro Fonteio), with defraud- be identical with Vesta. (Diet. of Ant. s. v. Fornaing his creditors while quaestor'; with imposing an calia.) [L.' S.]
exorbitant tax on the wines of Narbonne; and'FORTU'NA, the goddess of chance or good
with selling exemptions from the repair of the luck, was worshipped both in Greece and Italy.
roads of the province, so that both were the roads and more particularly at Rome, where she waE
impassable, and those who could not afford to buy considered as the steady goddess of good luck.
exemptions were burdened with the duty of the success, and every kind of prosperity. The greal
exempted. Cicero denies the charge of fraud, but confidence which the Romans placed in her is ex
of the complaints respecting the wine-tax and the pressed in the story related by Plutarch (de Forroads, he says that they were grave, if true; and titud. Rom. 4), that on entering Rome she'put of
that they were true, and that Fonteius was really her wings and shoes, and threw away the globe, a,
guilty, are probable from the vague declamation in she intended to take up her permanent abode
which his advocate indulges throughout his de- among the Romans. Her worship is trace(
fence. Whether Fonteius were acquitted is not to the reign of Ancus Martius and Servin
known; but, as he would have been fined or ex- Tullius, and the latter is said to have buil
iled if pronounced guilty, and as we read of his two temples to her, the one in the forun
purchasing, after his trial, a sumptuous house- boarium, and the other on the banks of the Tibei
the domus Rabiriana (Cic. ad Att. i. 6.), at Naples, (Plut. 1. c. 5, 10; Dionys. iv. 27; Liv. x. 46
B. C. 68, it is more probable that the sentence of Ov. Fast. vi. 570.) The Romans mention he
the judices was favorable. (Cic.. pro Font.; Ju- with a variety of surnames and epithets, as publice
lius Victor, in Font. Fragm.; Drumann, Gesch. paivta,: muliebris (said to have originated at th
Rom. vol. v. pp. 329-334, by whom an analysis time when Coriolanus was prevented by the en
of Cicero's speech is given. The fragments we treaties of the women from destroying Rome, Plu
possess belong to the second speech for the defence. 1. c.), regina, conservatrlx, primigenia, virilis, &m
Each party spoke twice, and Cicero each time in Fortuna Virginensis was worshipped by newvl
reply. (Cic. pro Font. 13.) Quintilian (vi. 3 ~ 51) married women, who dedicated their maiden gal
cite.s pro Font. 3. ~ 7, as an example of enigmatic ments and girdle in her temple. (Arnob. ii. 67
allusion.)' Augustin. de Civ. Dei, iv. 11.) Ovid (Fast. i