A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

172 FLAVIANUS. FLAVIUS.
cedon and depose its leading supporters; but summon a general council at Ephesus. At this.
Flavian and Elias of Jerusalem managed to prevent council, over which Dioscorus presided, and which
its effecting.anything.. Flavian still hoped to ap- is known in history as the Council of Robbers
pease his opponents, and wrote to the emperor, (7j A.PTpLKu1), Flavian and the other members of
expressing: his readiness to acknowledge the first the synod which had condemned Eutyches were
three councils, and pass over that of Chalcedon in present, but were not allowed to vote, since their
silence; but his efforts were in vain; a tumultuous conduct was called in question. Their friends
body of monks of the province of Syria Prima as- were overborne in an irregular mianner, Eutyches
sembled at. Antioch, and frightened Flavian into was restored, and.Flavian not only deposed and
pronouncing an open anathema against the Council sentenced to banishment, but so roughly beaten
of Chalcedon, and against Theodore of Mopsuestia and kicked by the Egyptian and other attendants
and the other. bishops whom Xenaias had already of Dioscorus, that he died three days afterwards
obliged him to condemn. The citizens were not (A. D. 449). This violence probably tended to
equally.compliant; they rose against the monks, the reaction which took place in the mind of the
and killed many of them: and the confusion was emperor. Pulcheria regained her ascendancy; the
renlewed by the monks of Coele-Syria, who era- body of Flavian was, by her order, honourably
braced the side of Flavian, and hasted to Antioch conveyed to Constantinople, and buried in the
to defend him. These disturbances, or some trans- Church of the Holy Apostles. Pope'Leo the Great
actions connected with the Council of Sidon, gave honoured him as a confessor, and the Council of
tihe emperor a ground or pretext for deposing Chalcedon as a martyr; and since the time of
Flavian (AS. D. 511) and putting Severus in his Baronius he has been commemorated in the Marplace. Victor Tununensis places the deposition tyrology of the Romish Church. A letter of
of Flavian as early as the consulship of Cethegus, Flavian to Pope Leo was published by Cotelerug
A. D. 504. Flavian was banished' to Petra in (Mlonue. Eccles. (Graec. vol. i. p. 50); and a confesArabia, where he died. His death is assigned sion of his faith presented to the emperor Theoly Tillemont, on the authority-of Joannes Mos- dosius, and some other pieces, are given with the
ithus, to A. D. 518. In Vitalian's rebellion (A. D. acts.of the Council of Chalcedon in the Concilia of
513 or 514) his restoration to his see was one Labbe and Harduin; and are also inserted in the
of the demands of that rebel. [ANASTASIUS.] Concilia of Mansi, vol. viii. p. 833. (Evagr. Hist.
Flavian is (at least was) honoured in the Greek Ecc. i. 8, 9, 10; Theophanes, CGhonog. pp. 150Church as a confessor, and was recognised as such 158, ed Bonn; Marcellin, CAiron. (Protog. etAstur.
by the Romish Church, after long opposition. Coss.); Vict. Tun. C/iron. (Callip. et Ardab. Coss.
(Evagr. list. Ecc. iii. 23, 30, 31, 32; Theophan. Post. et Zen. Coss.); Synod. Vetus, apud Fabric.;
C/ironog. pp. 220-247, ed. Bonn; Marcellin, Fabr. Bibl. Gr. vol. ix. p. 290, and vol. xii. pp.
C/iron. (Paul. et 1ll'usc. Cass.); Vict. Tun. C0iron. 393, 394, and 672; Tillemont, lemn. vol. xv. pp.
(ab Anast. Aug. Cos. ad Cetheg. Cos.); Baron. 446, &c.) [J. C. M]
Annal. Eccles. ad Ann. 496 et 512; Pagi, Critice FLA'VIUS. 1. M. FLAvIus, a Roman, who
~in Baron.: Tillemont, Mern. vol. xvi. p. 675, &c.) in B. C. 328, during the funeral - solemnity of his
3. Of CONSTANTINOPLE. He was chosen suc- mother, distributed meat (visceratio) among the
cessor to Proclus, bishop of Constantinople, who people. It was said that this gift was made as
died anno 439 Alex. era, or 446 A. D. At the much to honour his mother as to show his gratitude
time of his election he was a presbyter and keeper towards the people for having acquitted him some
of the sacred vessels in the great church at Con- time before, when he had been accused by the
stantinople. Chrysaphius, the eunuch, a friend aediles of adultery. The people evinced their
and supporter of the monk Eutyches [EUTYCHES], gratitude in return by electing him at the next
was'at this time an influential person at court; comitia tribune of the people, although he was
and he having a dislike to Flavian, managed to set absent at the time, and others had offered themthe emperor Theodosius II. against him, from the selves as candidates. In B. c. 323 he was invested
very commencement of his episcopate. Dioscorus, with the same office a second time, and brought
who had just ascended the episcopal chair of Alex- forward a rogation to chastise the Tusculans for
andrlia, and was persecuting the kinsmen of his having incited the Veliternians and Privernatans to
predecessor, Cyril [CYRILLUS], was also irritated make war against Rome. But the Tusculans came to
asgainst Flavian, who had befriended the persecuted Rome and averted the punishment by their prayers
parties. Flavian was indeed befriended by Pul- and entreaties. (Liv. viii. 22, 27; Val. Max. ix.
cheria, the emperor's sister; but her aid was more 10. ~ 1.)
than counterbalanced by the enmity of the empress 2. FLAVIUS, a Lucanian, who lived during
Eudocia J[EuDOCIA AUGUSTA], who was influ- the second. Punic war, and for a time was at the
enced by Chrysaphius, and was, moreover, irritated head of the Roman party among the Lucanians.
by Flavian's defeating a plan to remove Pulcheria But in B. c. 213 he suddenly turned traitor; and
altogether from the state and the court by having not satisfied with going over to the enemy himher ordained a deaconess. Flavian was not, how- self, and making his countrymen follow his exever, daunted. He assembled' a synod' of forty ample, he resolved to deliver the Roman general,
bishops, and deposed Eutyches from his office of with whom he was connected by hospitality, into
archimandrite or abbot, and excommunicated him, the hands.of the Carthaginians. He accordingly
on the ground of his heretical opinions. [Eu- had an interview with Mago, who commanded the
TYCHES ] This bold step irritated the opponents Punic forces in Bruttium, and promised to deliver
of Flavian, and they'prevailed on the emperor to up to him the proconsul Tib. Sempronius Gracchus,
summon a synod at Constantinople to try Flavian oli condition. that the Lucanians should be free, and
on a charge of falsifying the acts of'the synod at retain their own constitution. A place was then
which Eutvches was condemned.- Flavianl was fixed upon where Mago might lay in ambush with
acquitted, buet his enemies persuaded Theodosius to an armed force, and. whither Flavius promised to