A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. By various writers. Ed. by William Smith. Illustrated by numerous engravings on wood.

FLAVIANUS. FLAVIANUS. 1i9
his re-appointment. FNamma, with the second'and nonian legions on their march into Italy; and
fourth legions, invaded Samnium; but there is during the siege or blockade of Verona, a false
great likelihood in Niebuhr's conjecture (Hist. of alarm having caused the smothered suspicions of
Rome, vol. iii. p. 379), that he was again called the soldiery to break out, a tumultuous body of
into Etruria, where the brunt of the war was, them demanded his death. His abject entreaties
and that he took part in the battle of Sentinum, for life they interpreted as the mark of conscious
B. C. 295. He married Virginia, daughter of treachery; but he was rescued by the intervention
A. Virginius, who consecrated a chapel and altar of Antonius Primus, the most influentialgeneral of
to Plebeian Chastity. [VIRGINIA.] (Liv. x. 15, the troops of Vespasian, and was sent off in cus&c.) [W. B. D.] tody the same evening to meet Vespasian, but beFLA'VIA CONSTA'NTIA. [CONSTANTIA.] fore he reached him received letters from him reFLA'VIA CONSTANTI'NA. [CONSTAN- lieving him from all danger of punishment. (Tac.:
TINA.] I-ist. ii. 86, iii. 4, 10.)
FLA'VIA GENS, plebeian. Members of it are 2. FLAVIANUS, one of the praefects of the praementioned'in Roman history only during the last torium under Alexander' Severus. He was apthree centuries before the Christian era. It seems to pointed to the office on the accession of Alexander,
have been of Sabine origin, and may have been con- in conjunction with Chrestus (A. D. 222). They
nected with the Flavii that occur at Reate in the first were both men of military and administrative abicentury afterChrist, and to whom the emperorVes- lity; but the appointment of Ulpian nominally as
pasian belonged. But the name Flavius occurs also their colleague, but really as their superior, having
in other countries of Italy, as Etruria and Lucania. led to conspiracies on the part of the'praetorian
During the later period of the Roman empire, the soldiers against Ulpian, Flavian and Chrestus were
name Flavius descended from one emperor to an- deposed and executed, and Ulpian made sole praeother, Constantius, the father of Constantine the feet. The year of their death is not ascertained,
Great, being the first in the series. The cognomens but it was not long before that of Ulpian himself,
that occur in the Flavia gens during the repub- which, took place at latest A. D. 228. (Dion Cass.
lic are FIMBRIA, GALLUS, LUCANUS, and Pu- lxxx. 2; Zosim. i. 11; Zonar. xii. 15.)
SIo. [L. S.] 3. ULPIUS FLAVIANUS, consular of the provinces
of Aemilia and Liguria, in Italy, under Constantine the Great, A. D. 323. (Cod. Theodos. 11. tit.
16. s. 2; Gothofred. Prosop. Cod. Tlheod.)
4. Proconsul of Africa, apparently under Constantius, son of Constantine the Great,' A. D. 35761. It is probable that this is the proconsul
Flavian, to whom some of the rhetorical exercises
of the sophist Himerius are'addressed; though
- COIN OF FLAVIA GENS. Fabricius supposes the Flavian of Himerius to be
FLA'VIA DOMITILLA. [DOMITILLA.] No. 7. (Cod. Theod. 8. tit. 5. s. 10, 11. tit. 36.
FLA'VIA TITIA'NA. [TITIANA.] S. 14, 15. tit. 1. s. 1; Gothofred. Prosop. Cod.
FLAVIA'NUS. This name, of comparatively Theod.; Himerius, ap. Phot. Bibl. Cod. 165, 243,
rare occurrence in the early imperial period, be- pp. 108, 376, ed. Bekker; Fabric. Bibl. Grace.
came more common in the later period of the em- vol. vi. p. 57.)
pire, after the accession to the throne of the Flavian'5. Vicarius of Africa, under Gratian, A. D. 377.
house in the person of Constantius Chlorus, father He was one of those commissioned to inquire into
of Constantine the Great, and the assumption of the rmalpractices of Count Romanus and his conthe name Flavius by the successive dynasties that federates; and Ammianus Marcellinus records the
occupied the Byzantine throne. A considerable num- uprightness of his conduct in the business; It is
ber of officers of high rank during and between the probable that he is the' Flavian mentioned by Aureigns of Constantine the Great and Valentinian gustin as an adherent of the sect of the Donatists,
III. are enumerated in the Prosopogqapsia sub- by whom, however, he was excommunicated, bejoined to the edition of the Codex Theodosianus by cause, in the discharge of his office. he had punished
Gothofredus (vol. vi. part ii. pp. 54, 55, ed. Leipzig, some criminals capitally. An inscription, belong]736-45). The following persons of the name re- ing to a statue at Rome, "'Virius Nicomachus,
quire distinct notice:- Consularis Siciliae,Vicarius Africae, Quaestor intra
1. T. AmPrus FLAVIANUS, consular legate or Palatium; Praef. Praetor iterum et Cos.," is by
governor of Pannonia during the civil wars which Gothofredus referred to this Flavian, but we rather
followed the death of Galba, A. D. 69, at which refer it to No. 6. Gothofredus also regards this
time he was old and wealthy,'and reluctant to take Flavian as the person mentioned by Himerius;
part in the contest; and when the legions of his but the mention of his administration of Africa
province (the Thirteenth and the Seventh or Gal- equally well suits No. 4, to whom the title ivO0vrabian legions) embraced the party of Vespasian, he ros determines the reference. (Amm. Marc. xxviii
fled into Italy. He returned, however, into 6; Augustin. ad Emeritum, Epist. 164 (or 87, ed.
Pannonia, and joined the party of Vespasian at Paris, 1836); Cod. Theod. 16. tit. 6. s. 2; Gothothe instigation of Cornelius Fuscus, procurator'of fred. Prosop. Cod. Theod.)
the province, who was anxious to obtain for the'6. Praetorianpraefect of Italy and IllyricumA. D.
insurgents the influence which the rank of Flavia- 382-3. He was the intimate friend of Q. Aurelitus
nus would give. His previous reluctance and a Symmachus, many of whose letters (nearly the
connection by marriage with Vitellius had however whole of the second book) are -addressed to: him.
rendered the soldiers mistrustful, and they suspected Symmachus continually addresses him as his " brothat his return to the province had some treacherous ther Flavian," which moderns (we know not for
object. He appears to have accompanied the Pan- what reason) understand as expressive of close in